Topic diversity: A discipline scheme‐free diversity measurement for journals

EXPERIENCE IN METRICS AND MEASUREMENTS FOR N-VERSION PROGRAMMING

International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering ◽

10.1142/s0218539394000052 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

pp. 41-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

MICHAEL R. LYU ◽

JIA-HONG CHEN ◽

ALGIRDAS AVIŽIENIS

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Flight Control ◽

Fault Tolerant ◽

Structural Diversity ◽

Control Software ◽

Baseline Design ◽

Software Diversity ◽

Points Of View ◽

Design Diversity ◽

Diversity Measurement

The N-Version Programming (NVP) approach applies the idea of design diversity to obtain fault-tolerant software units, called N-Version Software (NVS) units. The effectiveness of this approach is examined by the software diversity achieved in the member versions of an NVS unit. We define and formalize the concept of design diversity and software diversity in this paper. Design diversity is a property naturally applicable to the NVP process to increase its fault-tolerance attributes. The baseline design diversity is characterized by the employment of independent programming teams in the NVP. More design diversity investigations could be enforced in the NVP design process, including different languages, different tools, different algorithms, and different methodologies. Software diversity is the resulting dissimilarities appearing in the NVS member versions. We characterize it from four different points of view that are designated as: structural diversity, fault diversity, tough-spot diversity, and failure diversity. Our goals are to find a way to quantify software diversity and to investigate the measurements which can be applied during the life cycle of NVS to gain confidence that operation will be dependable when NVS is actually employed. The versions from a six-language N-Version Programming project for fault-tolerant flight control software were used in the software diversity measurement.

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Self-consistency of polarization diversity measurement of rainfall

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing ◽

10.1109/36.481887 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 22-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

G. Scarchilli ◽

V. Gorgucci ◽

V. Chandrasekar ◽

A. Dobaie

Keyword(s):

Polarization Diversity ◽

Self Consistency ◽

Diversity Measurement

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Agri-product evaluation and biodiversity measurement

Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce ◽

10.19041/apstract/2010/5-6/15 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (5-6) ◽

pp. 91-93

Author(s):

Szilvia Kovács

Keyword(s):

Research Work ◽

Product Evaluation ◽

External Effects ◽

Traditional Methods ◽

Specific Product ◽

Diversity Measure ◽

Environmental Friendly ◽

Short Summary ◽

New Information ◽

Diversity Measurement

This paper is meant to be the first part of a two part unit that will be published next. The objective of this paper is to be an introduction of agri-product evaluation, with in which a short summary of essentials of diversity measurement is given and to share experience on evaluation of environmental friendly agri-product. For biodiversity measurement and extern effects, literature of related publications was processed and experience gained over experimental projects on environmental-friendly technologies was summed up. Methods applied were based on influence-response approach which guided us all through the research work. It can be stated that one diversity measure or one diversity function fails to describe communities of living beings; therefore, at least two methods should be used in parallel. Scale-dependent description of diversity is necessary, which provides us with new information that can not be revealed by traditional methods. To identify external effects, we have to take influences of use of a specific product into account and the responses generated by use of that product. Influences might appear in parallel or can build up one another, similarly to the generated responses of environment. To be as precise as possible, it is suggested that we take into account only clear responses. Influence-response relations are shown here using terms and concepts in broad sense and in general. More sophisticated application of terms and concepts is needed to evaluate properly and in monetary terms.We will make efforts to clarify terms and their use in the future.

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Diversity Measurement Indices of Diatom Communities in the Tigris River within Wasit Province, Iraq

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.15.2.117-122 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 117-122

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Diatom Species ◽

Aquatic Life ◽

Tigris River ◽

Lotic Ecosystem ◽

Evenness Index ◽

River Quality ◽

Diatom Communities ◽

Richness Index ◽

Diversity Measurement

The study was conducted to measure diatom species diversity in the lotic ecosystem across the Wasit Province for 12 months. The quantitative study of diatoms (phytoplankton) was investigated in the Tigris river. The density of algae was ranged from 60989 cell×103/l to 112780.82 cell×103/l in the five sites. These algae were belonging to 39 genera. The richness index values ranged from 1.53 at site 5 in January 2016 to 6.34 at site 1 and June2015. Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H´) was 2.33 in February 2016 and 3.72 in June 2015 both values at site 3, whereas Evenness index was 0.54 at site 5 in March2016 and 0.98 at site 1 in both August2015 and May2016. The lack of homogeneity of the appearance of species indicates the dominance of a few species with high densities, which is an indicator of the existence of environmental pressure. All studied indices showed that the Tigris River quality is suitable for the living aquatic life or may be slightly affected by the pollutants.

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