Attitudes of Australian chiropractic students toward whole body donation: A cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Alexander ◽  
Mathew Marten ◽  
Ella Stewart ◽  
Stanley Serafin ◽  
Goran Štrkalj
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chiropractic Students ◽  
Body Donation

scholarly journals Somatic maturation and the relationship between bone mineral variables and types of sports among adolescents: cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ribeiro Agostinete ◽  
Igor Hideki Ito ◽  
Han Kemper ◽  
Carlos Marcelo Pastre ◽  
Mário Antônio Rodrigues-Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Peak height velocity (PHV) is an important maturational event during adolescence that affects skeleton size. The objective here was to compare bone variables in adolescents who practiced different types of sports, and to identify whether differences in bone variables attributed to sports practice were dependent on somatic maturation status. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study, São Paulo State University (UNESP). METHODS: The study was composed of 93 adolescents (12 to 16.5 years old), divided into three groups: no-sport group (n = 42), soccer/basketball group (n = 26) and swimming group (n = 25). Bone mineral density and content were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and somatic maturation was estimated through using peak height velocity. Data on training load were provided by the coaches. RESULTS: Adolescents whose PHV occurred at an older age presented higher bone mineral density in their upper limbs (P = 0.018). After adjustments for confounders, such as somatic maturation, the swimmers presented lower values for bone mineral density in their lower limbs, spine and whole body. Only the bone mineral density in the upper limbs was similar between the groups. There was a negative relationship between whole-body bone mineral content and the weekly training hours (β: -1563.967; 95% confidence interval, CI: -2916.484 to -211.450). CONCLUSION: The differences in bone variables attributed to sport practice occurred independently of maturation, while high training load in situations of hypogravity seemed to be related to lower bone mass in swimmers.

scholarly journals Obstacle Crossing During Gait in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Cross-Sectional Study With Kinematic Analysis of Dynamic Balance and Trunk Control

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 1208-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailish Malone ◽  
Damien Kiernan ◽  
Helen French ◽  
Valerie Saunders ◽  
Timothy O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Trunk Movement ◽  
Trunk Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstacle Crossing

Abstract Background Balance problems are common in children who have cerebral palsy (CP) but are active and ambulant. Control of the whole-body center of mass is critical in maintaining dynamic stability during challenging mobility tasks, such as clearing an obstacle while walking. Objective The objective of this study was to compare trunk and lower limb kinematics and center-of-mass control in children with CP and those in children with typical development during obstacle crossing. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Thirty-four children who were 5 to 17 years of age (17 with CP and 17 with typical development) and matched in age and height completed 2 gait trials involving crossing a 10-cm obstacle. Methods Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data were captured with a general-purpose 3-dimensional motion tracking system and forceplates. Trunk data were captured with a validated model. Results All children cleared the obstacle with similar hip and knee kinematics, step length, and single-support duration. In children with CP, step width was increased by 4.81 cm, and center-of-mass velocity was significantly slower at lead limb toe-off (0.31 m/s) and during lead limb clearance (0.2 m/s). Children with CP showed altered trunk and pelvis movement, characterized by significantly greater pelvic obliquity, pelvic tilt, and trunk rotation throughout the task, increased lateral trunk lean during lead limb crossing (3.7°), and greater sagittal trunk movement as the trail limb crossed (5.1°). Limitations The study was not powered to analyze differences between children with diplegia and those with hemiplegia. Conclusions Children with CP required greater adjustments at the trunk and pelvis to achieve successful obstacle crossing. The increase in trunk movement could have been compensatory for reduced stability distally or for a primary problem reflecting poor proximal control. The findings suggest that rehabilitation should focus on both proximal trunk control and distal stability to improve balance.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of chiropractic students' research readiness using the Academic Self-Concept Analysis Scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Stephney Whillier ◽  
Kent Au ◽  
Louie Feng ◽  
Helen Su
Keyword(s):  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Chiropractic Students ◽  
Analysis Scale

Objective: The shift toward evidence-based health care has reoriented tertiary clinical education in a way that necessitates and incorporates research. This study assesses the inclination and suitability of chiropractic students for research over a 5-year educational program. Methods: Research attributes of chiropractic students were assessed in this cross-sectional study using a validated and modified academic self-concept analysis scale. Students in first and final year were assessed in 4 domains: creativity, motivation, self-regulation, and general intellectual ability. Univariable differences were assessed using Welch 2-sample t tests, and multivariable analysis was carried out with multiple linear regression models. Results: The response rate was 71% (n = 165). First- and fifth-year students scored highly on all 4 domains (80% to 96%). Compared to first-year students, fifth-year students rated themselves significantly lower in 3 of the domains: general intellectual abilities (t[126] = −2.01; p = 0.047), motivation (t[115] = −4.82; p < 0.001), and creativity (t[136] = −3.00; p = 0.003). Conclusion: Research suitability is high in chiropractic students. Both cohorts scored high in all domains despite the disparity between first and fifth years. First-year students outperformed fifth-year students in 3 domains, indicating a potential decline in the inclination to do research over time. However, unaccounted factors, such as the Dunning-Kruger effect, life changes, and “burnout,” may have contributed to these differences. Future studies should include questions about stress, fatigue, clinical orientation, and educational environment to inform the interpretation of findings.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the temperature of posterior lower limbs skin during the whole body vibration measured by infrared thermography: Cross-sectional study analysis using linear mixed effect model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0212512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloá Moreira-Marconi ◽  
Marcia Cristina Moura-Fernandes ◽  
Patrícia Lopes-Souza ◽  
Ygor Teixeira-Silva ◽  
Aline Reis-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Linear Mixed Effect Model ◽  
Mixed Effect Model ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Effect Model

scholarly journals AB0251 SARCOPENIA IN MOROCCAN POPULATION WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: PREVALENCE AND PREDICTIVE FACTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1425.2-1425
Author(s):  
E. Jalila ◽  
H. Azzouzi ◽  
I. Linda
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass

Background:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were at risk for altered body composition with higher prevalence of sarcopenia compared to the general population. Low lean muscle mass may constitute an additional risk factor for altered bone density in RA patients.Objectives:We aimed to study the prevalence of sarcopenia and to assess its predictive factors in Moroccan patients with RA.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study over two months in our department of rheumatology. All RA patients fulfilled ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria. We performed a whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure lean mass, fat mass and bone mass in the whole body and body parts. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass was assessed using the sum of skeletal muscle mass in the arms and legs. The relative skeletal muscle mass index (RSMI) was calculated from the appendicular skeletal mass divided by the square of the patient’s height (kg/m2). According to Baumgartner et al, sarcopenia was defined as a relative SMI <5.5 kg/m2on women and <7.26 kg/m2on men. Body mass index (BMI) was measured and patients were classified according to World Health Organization. Disease activity and functional disability were measured using the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) with CRP and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Comorbidities and medication use including corticosteroids were also recorded. Data was entered and processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 20. A univariate analysis as well as multivariate regressions were carried out to assess the association between sarcopenia and lumbar spine and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD) and RA characteristics.Results:We included 70 (87.5%) women and 10 (12.5%) men with a mean age of 53.59 ±10.96 years old. They had a mean disease duration of 12.35± 8.68, a mean DAS 28 CRP of 2.64±1.34, a mean HAQ of 0.94±0.63 and a mean RSMI of 5.75±1.17. Women had a mean RSMI of 6.33±1.04 while men had a mean RSMI of 5.66±1.17. The prevalence of sarcopenia in our population was 47.4% (37), of whom 81.1% (30) women.In univariate regression analysis, sarcopenia was associated with normal BMI (OR: 8.59, 95% CI [3.054-24.182], p= 0.000), DAS 28 CRP (OR: 1.78, 95% CI [1.203-2.657], p= 0.004), HAQ (OR: 2.15, 95% CI [1.165-5.433], p= 0.019), lumbar spine BMD (OR: 0.001, 95% CI [0.00001-0.043], p= 0.0004) and FN BMD (OR: 0.000006, 95% CI [0.000-0.002], p= 0,00008 at right FN and OR: 0.00009, 95% CI [0.000001-0.010], p=0.000 at left FN, respectively).In multiple regression analysis, sarcopenia was associated with normal BMI (OR: 11.56, 95% CI [2.754–48.598]), p=0.001 and FN BMD (OR: 0.00, 95% CI [0.000–0.084], p = 0.006).Conclusion:In the present study, sarcopenia was common among RA patients and associated with normal BMI and femoral neck BMD, emphasizing the importance of this modifiable risk factor. Further studies are needed to identify effective means to improve lean muscle mass in patients with RA.References:[1]Mochizuki T et al. Sarcopenia-associated factors in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr. Gerontol. Int. 2019;19 (9), 907-912[2]Okano T et al. Loss of lean body mass affects low bone mineral density in patients with rheumatoid arthritis -results from the TOMORROW study-, Modern Rheumatology. 2017;27(6):1-19.[4]Peggy M. Cawthon. Assessment of Lean Mass and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia. Journal of Clinical Densitometry. 2015;18(4):467-71.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Knowledge of Medical Students and Faculties of a Medical College Towards Human Body and Organ Donation: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (234) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Singh ◽  
Naveen Phuyal ◽  
Sagar Khadka ◽  
Minani Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Body Donation

Introduction: The study of clinical anatomy is inseparable from cadaveric dissection. However, scarcity of cadavers is observed all over the world. So, body donation is propounded and is a major source of cadavers worldwide. However, nowadays, there is a scarcity of cadavers for the body dissection in the medical course & also due to the rise in the number of medical institutions in Nepal. This research aimed to find out the knowledge of medical and nursing students at a medical college regarding human body and organ donation. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 medical and nursing students in a tertiary care hospital of Kathmandu valley. After obtaining ethical approval, a semistructured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Results: Most of the respondents, 360 (90%) knew that organs could be donated from living donors as well as cadavers. A majority of the respondents 374 (93.5%) said that bodies could be donated for educational and learning purposes. The eyes were the most commonly donated organ. One hundred seventy five (43.5%) of the respondents were motivated to donate their bodies or organs. Self-motivation followed by motivation through media by celebrities, family members, and faculties were seen among the participants. Conclusions: We need a proper voluntary body donation act to facilitate medical teaching with the proper motivation of people for this generous gift to further the knowledge and expand the field of medical science.

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