scholarly journals The role of calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in the initiation and progression of ochronotic arthropathy in alkaptonuria

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 3887-3896 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Taylor ◽  
A. Boyde ◽  
P. J. M. Wilson ◽  
J. C. Jarvis ◽  
J. S. Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Ochronotic Arthropathy ◽  
Calcified Cartilage

scholarly journals Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral Bone

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahed Taheri ◽  
Thomas Winkler ◽  
Lia Schenk ◽  
Carl Neuerburg ◽  
Sebastian Baumbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Medial Condyle ◽  
Calcified Cartilage ◽  
Degree Of Anisotropy ◽  
Early Oa

It is widely accepted that the subchondral bone (SCB) plays a crucial role in the physiopathology of osteoarthritis (OA), although its contribution is still debated. Much of the pre-clinical research on the role of SCB is concentrated on comparative evaluations of healthy vs. early OA or early OA vs. advanced OA cases, while neglecting how pure maturation could change the SCB’s microstructure. To assess the transformations of the healthy SCB from young age to early adulthood, we examined the microstructure and material composition of the medial condyle of the femur in calves (three months) and cattle (18 months) for the calcified cartilage (CC) and the subchondral bone plate (SCBP). The entire subchondral zone (SCZ) was significantly thicker in cattle compared to calves, although the proportion of the CC and SCBP thicknesses were relatively constant. The trabecular number (Tb.N.) and the connectivity density (Conn.D) were significantly higher in the deeper region of the SCZ, while the bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and the degree of anisotropy (DA) were more affected by age rather than the region. The mineralization increased within the first 250 µm of the SCZ irrespective of sample type, and became stable thereafter. Cattle exhibited higher mineralization than calves at all depths, with a mean Ca/P ratio of 1.59 and 1.64 for calves and cattle, respectively. Collectively, these results indicate that the SCZ is highly dynamic at early age, and CC is the most dynamic layer of the SCZ.

Artificial Osteochondral Interface of Bioactive Fibrous Membranes Mediating Calcified Cartilage Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengtao Liu ◽  
Xiurong Ke ◽  
Yuejun Yao ◽  
Fanghui Wu ◽  
Shuo Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Interface Region ◽  
Calcified Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Reconstruction ◽  
Fibrous Membranes

Calcified cartilage is a mineralized osteochondral interface region between the hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone, whereas there were few reported artificial biomaterials that could offer bioactivities for substantial reconstruction of...

scholarly journals The role of subchondral bone, and its histomorphology, on the dynamic viscoelasticity of cartilage, bone and osteochondral cores

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.L.A. Fell ◽  
B.M. Lawless ◽  
S.C. Cox ◽  
M.E. Cooke ◽  
N.M. Eisenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Dynamic Viscoelasticity

scholarly journals Biochemical Signals Mediate the Crosstalk between Cartilage and Bone in Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xuchang Zhou ◽  
Hong Cao ◽  
Yu Yuan ◽  
Wei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Bone Remodelling ◽  
Functional Unit ◽  
Subchondral Bone Plate ◽  
Calcified Cartilage ◽  
Osteoarthritis Treatment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Biochemical Signals ◽  
Joint Integrity

Osteochondral junction is a functional unit comprising the articular cartilage, calcified cartilage, and subchondral bone. Alteration in any component of this composite unit can disrupt the joint integrity and function directly or indirectly. Biochemical signals mediate the crosstalk between tissues and play an essential role in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis. As osteoarthritis progresses, abnormal subchondral bone remodelling leads to increased angiogenesis and porosity of the subchondral bone plate, which further triggers biochemical signals to mediate the crosstalk between cartilage and bone, contributing to the progression of osteoarthritis. Notably, common biochemical signals include the TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-catenin, RANK/RANKL/OPG, and MAPK pathways. This biomarker crosstalk network is the basis of osteoarthritis pathogenesis, and some of their key regulators may be potential therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis drug therapy. This review summarised the biochemical crosstalk between cartilage and bone in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, which may provide the basis for the discovery of osteoarthritis treatment targets.

scholarly journals Multi-scalar mechanical testing of the calcified cartilage and subchondral bone comparing healthy vs early degenerative states

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1755-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hargrave-Thomas ◽  
F. van Sloun ◽  
M. Dickinson ◽  
N. Broom ◽  
A. Thambyah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Calcified Cartilage

scholarly journals Changes in mineralization in calcified cartilage and subchondral bone plate during osteoarthritis progression

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. S160-S161
Author(s):  
S. Das Gupta ◽  
M.A. Finnilä ◽  
S.S. Karhula ◽  
R. Korhonen ◽  
A. Thambyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Plate ◽  
Subchondral Bone Plate ◽  
Calcified Cartilage ◽  
Osteoarthritis Progression
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