scholarly journals Presence of CD4+CD8+ double-positive T cells with very high interleukin-4 production potential in lesional skin of patients with systemic sclerosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 3459-3467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Parel ◽  
Michel Aurrand-Lions ◽  
Agneta Scheja ◽  
Jean-Michel Dayer ◽  
Eddy Roosnek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Lesional Skin ◽  
Very High

scholarly journals High CD30 Ligand Expression by Epithelial Cells and Hassal's Corpuscles in the Medulla of Human Thymus

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 3323-3332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Romagnani ◽  
Francesco Annunziato ◽  
Roberto Manetti ◽  
Carmelo Mavilia ◽  
Laura Lasagni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Human Thymus ◽  
Ligand Expression ◽  
A Cell

Abstract CD30 is a member of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily that is expressed by activated T cells in the presence of interleukin-4 (IL-4). Although CD30 can mediate a variety of signals, CD30-deficient mice have impaired negative selection of T cells, suggesting that at least in the context of murine thymus, CD30 is a cell death–mediating molecule. The ligand for CD30 (CD30L) is a membrane-associated glycoprotein related to TNF, which is known to be expressed mainly by activated T cells and other leukocytes. However, the nature of CD30L-expressing cells involved in the interaction with CD30+ thymocytes is unclear. We report here that in postnatal human thymus the great majority of CD30+ cells are double positive (CD4+CD8+), activated, IL-4 receptor–expressing T cells which selectively localize in the medullary areas. Moreover, many medullary epithelial cells and Hassal's corpuscles in the same thymus specimens showed unusually high expression of CD30L in comparison with other lymphoid or nonlymphoid tissues. These findings provide additional information on the nature and localization of CD30+ thymocytes and show that epithelial cells are the major holder of CD30L in the thymic medulla.

scholarly journals High CD30 Ligand Expression by Epithelial Cells and Hassal's Corpuscles in the Medulla of Human Thymus

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 3323-3332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Romagnani ◽  
Francesco Annunziato ◽  
Roberto Manetti ◽  
Carmelo Mavilia ◽  
Laura Lasagni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Human Thymus ◽  
Ligand Expression ◽  
A Cell

CD30 is a member of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily that is expressed by activated T cells in the presence of interleukin-4 (IL-4). Although CD30 can mediate a variety of signals, CD30-deficient mice have impaired negative selection of T cells, suggesting that at least in the context of murine thymus, CD30 is a cell death–mediating molecule. The ligand for CD30 (CD30L) is a membrane-associated glycoprotein related to TNF, which is known to be expressed mainly by activated T cells and other leukocytes. However, the nature of CD30L-expressing cells involved in the interaction with CD30+ thymocytes is unclear. We report here that in postnatal human thymus the great majority of CD30+ cells are double positive (CD4+CD8+), activated, IL-4 receptor–expressing T cells which selectively localize in the medullary areas. Moreover, many medullary epithelial cells and Hassal's corpuscles in the same thymus specimens showed unusually high expression of CD30L in comparison with other lymphoid or nonlymphoid tissues. These findings provide additional information on the nature and localization of CD30+ thymocytes and show that epithelial cells are the major holder of CD30L in the thymic medulla.

Identification of a CD11b+/Gr-1+/CD31+ myeloid progenitor capable of activating or suppressing CD8+T cells

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 3838-3846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Bronte ◽  
Elisa Apolloni ◽  
Anna Cabrelle ◽  
Roberto Ronca ◽  
Paolo Serafini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice

Abstract Apoptotic death of CD8+ T cells can be induced by a population of inhibitory myeloid cells that are double positive for the CD11b and Gr-1 markers. These cells are responsible for the immunosuppression observed in pathologies as dissimilar as tumor growth and overwhelming infections, or after immunization with viruses. The appearance of a CD11b+/Gr-1+ population of inhibitory macrophages (iMacs) could be attributed to high levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in vivo. Deletion of iMacs in vitro or in vivo reversed the depression of CD8+ T-cell function. We isolated iMacs from the spleens of immunocompromised mice and found that these cells were positive for CD31, ER-MP20 (Ly-6C), and ER-MP58, markers characteristic of granulocyte/monocyte precursors. Importantly, although iMacs retained their inhibitory properties when cultured in vitro in standard medium, suppressive functions could be modulated by cytokine exposure. Whereas culture with the cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4) increasediMac inhibitory activity, these cells could be differentiated into a nonadherent population of fully mature and highly activated dendritic cells when cultured in the presence of IL-4and GM-CSF. A common CD31+/CD11b+/Gr-1+ progenitor can thus give rise to cells capable of either activating or inhibiting the function of CD8+ T lymphocytes, depending on the cytokinemilieu that prevails during antigen-presenting cell maturation.

scholarly journals Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 released from glycosaminoglycans mediates its profibrotic effects in systemic sclerosis via the release of interleukin-4 from T cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg H. W. Distler ◽  
Astrid Jüngel ◽  
David Caretto ◽  
Ursula Schulze-Horsel ◽  
Otylia Kowal-Bielecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein

Interleukin 4 induces CD4+/CD8− to CD8+/CD4− transformation of human neonatal T cells by way of a double positive intermediate

1990 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 830-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald C. Reason ◽  
Motohiro Ebisawa ◽  
Hirohisa Saito ◽  
Toshikazu Nagakura ◽  
Yoji Iikura
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Double Positive

scholarly journals Interleukin 4 expressed in situ selectively alters thymocyte development.

1991 ◽  
Vol 173 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
D B Lewis ◽  
C C Yu ◽  
K A Forbush ◽  
J Carpenter ◽  
T A Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Thymocyte Development ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Peripheral T Cells ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
And Control

Using a transgenic mouse model we show that increased intrathymic expression of interleukin 4 (IL-4) significantly perturbs the development of thymocytes. Transgenic double-positive (CD4+CD8+) thymocytes, which are present in dramatically reduced numbers, exhibit increased T cell receptor (TCR) expression and increased mobilization of calcium mediated by these receptors. In contrast, transgenic single-positive (CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+) thymocytes and peripheral T cells exhibit decreased TCR-mediated calcium mobilization. The development of CD4-CD8+ thymocytes is significantly perturbed by IL-4 expressed in vivo; only peripheral CD4+ T cells are found in significant numbers in transgenic mice, while CD4-CD8+ thymocytes are present in increased numbers, apparently because of their failure to emigrate to the periphery. In contrast to these selective effects on T cell development, no significant differences in the numbers of B cells or mast cells, or in the plasma levels of IgE and IgG1 are observed between transgenic and control mice. These observations suggest that IL-4 in vivo exerts its major effects locally rather than systemically, even when its expression is constitutively increased.

Identification of a CD11b+/Gr-1+/CD31+ myeloid progenitor capable of activating or suppressing CD8+T cells

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 3838-3846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Bronte ◽  
Elisa Apolloni ◽  
Anna Cabrelle ◽  
Roberto Ronca ◽  
Paolo Serafini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice

Apoptotic death of CD8+ T cells can be induced by a population of inhibitory myeloid cells that are double positive for the CD11b and Gr-1 markers. These cells are responsible for the immunosuppression observed in pathologies as dissimilar as tumor growth and overwhelming infections, or after immunization with viruses. The appearance of a CD11b+/Gr-1+ population of inhibitory macrophages (iMacs) could be attributed to high levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in vivo. Deletion of iMacs in vitro or in vivo reversed the depression of CD8+ T-cell function. We isolated iMacs from the spleens of immunocompromised mice and found that these cells were positive for CD31, ER-MP20 (Ly-6C), and ER-MP58, markers characteristic of granulocyte/monocyte precursors. Importantly, although iMacs retained their inhibitory properties when cultured in vitro in standard medium, suppressive functions could be modulated by cytokine exposure. Whereas culture with the cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4) increasediMac inhibitory activity, these cells could be differentiated into a nonadherent population of fully mature and highly activated dendritic cells when cultured in the presence of IL-4and GM-CSF. A common CD31+/CD11b+/Gr-1+ progenitor can thus give rise to cells capable of either activating or inhibiting the function of CD8+ T lymphocytes, depending on the cytokinemilieu that prevails during antigen-presenting cell maturation.

ANALYSIS FOR POTENCY AND PRODUCTION OF GRANULE ORGANIC FERTILIZER BASED ON MANURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman L. Sahwan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Natural Organic Material ◽  
Very High

Organic materials that are generally used as raw material for organic fertilizer granules (POG) is a natural organic material that has been degrade, smooth and dry. One of the main raw materials are always used with a very high percentage of usage, is manure. Manure potential in Indonesia is very high, amounting to 113.6 million tons per year, or 64.7 million tons per year to the island of Java. From this amount, it will be generated numbers POG production potential of 17.5 million tons per year (total Indonesia) or 9.9 million tons per year for the island of Java. While the realistic POG production predictions figures made from raw manure is 2.5 million tons annually, a figure that has been unable to meet the number requirement of POG greater than 4 million tons per year. Therefore, in producing POG, it should be to maximize the using of the potential of other organic materials so that the use of manure can be saved. With the use of a small amount of manure (maximum 30% for cow manure), it would be useful also to avoid the production of POG with high Fe content.keywods: organic material, manure, granule organic fertilizer

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