Self‐control: Information, priorities, and resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-107
Author(s):  
Juliano Laran
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Control Information ◽  
Information Priorities

Low Self-Control, Information Disclosure, and the Risk of Online Fraud

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1356-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo S. Mesch ◽  
Matias Dodel
Keyword(s):  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Online Fraud ◽  
Online Victimization ◽  
Control Information ◽  
Online Activities ◽  
Low Self Control

This study investigates the risk of being a target of an attempt at fraud through email by assessing the role of low self-control, online activities, and the disclosure of personal information. A secondary analysis of the 2014 U.S. “Caught in the Scammers’ Net”, a national survey of online victimization ( N = 1,539), indicates that those with low self-control and individuals who engage in online activities are more likely to disclose personal information online. The risk of being targeted with a fraudulent offer is also associated with low self-control and online routine activities. Responding to a fraudulent offer is associated with disclosing personal information online and low self-control. Taken together, our empirical evidence strengthens the central role of low self-control theory.

scholarly journals Making autonomy an instrument: a pragmatist account of contextualized autonomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Racine ◽  
Sarah Kusch ◽  
M. Ariel Cascio ◽  
Aline Bogossian
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Moral Agents ◽  
Control Information ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Contextual Characteristics ◽  
Individual Ability

AbstractAcross societies, cultures, and political ideologies, autonomy is a deeply valued attribute for both flourishing individuals and communities. However, it is also the object of different visions, including among those considering autonomy a highly valued individual ability, and those emphasizing its relational nature but its sometimes-questionable value. A pragmatist orientation suggests that the concept of autonomy should be further specified (i.e., instrumentalized) beyond theory in terms of its real-world implications and usability for moral agents. Accordingly, this latter orientation leads us to present autonomy as an ability; and then to unpack it as a broader than usual composite ability constituted of the component-abilities of voluntariness, self-control, information, deliberation, authenticity, and enactment. Given that particular abilities of an agent can only be exercised in a given set of circumstances (i.e., within a situation), including relationships as well as other important contextual characteristics, the exercise of one’s autonomy is inherently contextual and should be understood as being transactional in nature. This programmatic paper presents a situated account of autonomy inspired by Dewey’s pragmatism and instrumentalism against the backdrop of more individual and relational accounts of autonomy. Using examples from health ethics, the paper then demonstrates how this thinking supports a strategy of synergetic enrichment of the concept of autonomy by which experiential and empirical knowledge about autonomy and the exercise of autonomy enriches our understanding of some of its component-abilities and thus promises to make agents more autonomous.

scholarly journals A Studying on Factors Affecting Decision to Use Smart Tourism Applications using extended TAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Control Information ◽  
Spss Software

The paper presented the theoretical extended accept new technology model (TAM), based on this theory and the results of previous studies, the research has built a model to study the factors impact the decision to use the smart travel applications in Vietnam. The study identified the following factors: Perceived ease of use, Perceived usefulness, Social impact, Self-control, Information security concerns and Service quality affecting the decision to use smart travel applications. The Hypothesis is tested through EFA discovery factor analysis, regression methods performed on SPSS software. From the results, the study proposes solutions to promote smart applications in Vietnam.

Kontrolliertes Trinken bei Alkoholkonsumstörungen: Eine systematische Übersicht

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Körkel
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Systematische Übersicht

Hintergrund: Verhaltenstherapeutische Behandlungen zum selbstkontrollierten Trinken (KT) wurden in den letzten 50 Jahren vielfältig erforscht. Eine aktuelle Übersicht über den gegenwärtigen Status dieses Ansatzes liegt nicht vor. Fragestellung: Es wird ein systematischer Überblick über die Konzept- und Forschungsgeschichte des KT (Definition, theoretische Wurzeln, Behandlungsmethoden), Wirksamkeit von KT-Behandlung (inkl. Prognosefaktoren) sowie Implementierung von KT in das Behandlungssystem (Akzeptanz und Verbreitung) vorgenommen. Methodik: Gemäß den PRISMA Richtlinien wurde in den Datenbanken PsycINFO, Medline und Psyndex nach psychologischen Behandlungen zum selbstkontrollierten Alkoholkonsum bei Menschen mit klinisch relevanten Alkoholproblemen recherchiert und 676 einschlägige Beiträge identifiziert. Ergebnisse: KT wird als regelgeleitet-planvoller Alkoholkonsum definiert. Seine theoretischen Wurzeln reichen von Lerntheorien bis zur Psychologie der Selbstregulation. In der Behandlung haben Behavioral Self-Control Trainings frühere Methoden (z. B. aversive Konditionierung, Kontingenzmanagement und Reizexposition) abgelöst. Einzel und Gruppenbehandlungen sowie Selbsthilfemanuale zum KT erweisen sich über das gesamte Spektrum des problematischen Alkoholkonsums als kurz- und langfristig wirksam zur Reduktion des Alkoholkonsums und alkoholassoziierter Probleme wie auch zur Förderung des Übergangs zur Abstinenz. Prognostisch bedeutsam sind v. a. der Zielentscheid des Patienten pro KT und seine Zuversicht in die Realisierbarkeit von KT. Akzeptanz und Verbreitung von KT haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten zugenommen und variieren u. a. länderspezifisch. Schlussfolgerungen: Angesichts der Wirksamkeit von KT-Behandlungen sowie gesundheitspolitischer, ethischer, therapeutischer und ökonomischer Überlegungen sollten Reduktionsbehandlungen gleichrangig neben Abstinenzbehandlungen in ein zieloffen ausgerichtetes Behandlungssystem integriert werden.

Parasympathetic Concomitants of Habitual, Spontaneous, and Instructed Emotional Suppression

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmir Gračanin ◽  
Igor Kardum ◽  
Jasna Hudek-Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Emotional Suppression ◽  
Emotion Experience ◽  
Similar Relation

Abstract. The neurovisceral integration model proposes that different forms of self-regulation, including the emotional suppression, are characterized by the activation of neural network whose workings are also reflected in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). However, most of the previous studies failed to observe theoretically expected increases in RSA during emotional suppression. Even when such effects were observed, it was not clear whether they resulted from specific task demands, a decrease in muscle activity, or they were the consequence of more specific self-control processes. We investigated the relation between habitual or trait-like suppression, spontaneous, and instructed suppression with changes in RSA during negative emotion experience. A modest positive correlation between spontaneous situational and habitual suppression was observed across two experimental tasks. Furthermore, the results showed greater RSA increase among participants who experienced higher negative affect (NA) increase and reported higher spontaneous suppression than among those with higher NA increase and lower spontaneous suppression. Importantly, this effect was independent from the habitual suppression and observable facial expressions. The results of the additional task based on experimental manipulation, rather than spontaneous use of situational suppression, indicated a similar relation between suppression and RSA. Our results consistently demonstrate that emotional suppression, especially its self-regulation component, is followed by the increase in parasympathetic activity.

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

Physical Fitness and Resting EEG in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Huang ◽  
Chung-Ju Huang ◽  
Chiao-Ling Hung ◽  
Chia-Hao Shih ◽  
Tsung-Min Hung
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Relationship

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by a deviant pattern of brain oscillations during resting state, particularly elevated theta power and increased theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios that are related to cognitive functioning. Physical fitness has been found beneficial to cognitive performance in a wide age population. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness and resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations in children with ADHD. EEG was recorded during eyes-open resting for 28 children (23 boys and 5 girls, 8.66 ± 1.10 years) with ADHD, and a battery of physical fitness assessments including flexibility, muscular endurance, power, and agility tests were administered. The results indicated that ADHD children with higher power fitness exhibited a smaller theta/alpha ratio than those with lower power fitness. These findings suggest that power fitness may be associated with improved attentional self-control in children with ADHD.

Dispositional Properties of Metaphor

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam K. Fetterman ◽  
Brian P. Meier ◽  
Michael D. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Taste Preferences ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Prosocial Motivation ◽  
Sweet Food ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Sweet Foods ◽  
Dispositional Properties

Abstract. Metaphors often characterize prosocial actions and people as sweet. Three studies sought to explore whether conceptual metaphors of this type can provide insights into the prosocial trait of agreeableness and into daily life prosociality. Study 1 (n = 698) examined relationships between agreeableness and food taste preferences. Studies 2 (n = 66) and 3 (n = 132) utilized daily diary protocols. In Study 1, more agreeable people liked sweet foods to a greater extent. In Study 2, greater sweet food preferences predicted a stronger positive relationship between daily prosocial behaviors and positive affect, a pattern consistent with prosocial motivation. Finally, Study 3 found that daily prosocial feelings and behaviors varied positively with sweet food consumption in a manner that could not be ascribed to positive affect or self-control. Altogether, the findings encourage further efforts to extend conceptual metaphor theory to the domain of personality processes, in part by building on balance-related ideas.

Daily Experiences of Commuting Strain and Self-Control at Work and at Home

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Bettina S. Wiese ◽  
Olivia Chaillié ◽  
Ruth Noppeney ◽  
Anna M. Stertz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Diary Data ◽  
Daily Experiences ◽  
At Home

Abstract. The study investigates how commuting strain affects daily self-control capacities at work and at home. Irritability (i.e., increased readiness to express negative emotions when facing frustration) and concentration (i.e., a cognitive control capacity that relies on attention) were used as indicators of (impaired) self-control. Based on 5-day diary data from N = 185 train commuters, we found that on days with a strenuous ride from home to work, commuters indicated higher irritability and lower concentration capacity at work. On days with higher strain during the work-to-home ride, commuters reported to be more irritable back home. Moreover, commuters with low emotional stability turned out to be more affected by commuting strain but only if considering self-control impairment at home.

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