Hydrogen peroxide detoxification in the midgut of the blood-sucking insect,Rhodnius prolixus

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Cristina Paes ◽  
Mariana Borges Oliveira ◽  
Pedro L. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Blood Sucking

scholarly journals The climbing organ of an insect, Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera; Reduviidœ)

1932 ◽  
Vol 111 (772) ◽  
pp. 364-376 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
New Type

Adhesive or climbing organs are familiar structures in many groups of insects. Most commonly, as in Hymenoptera, Diptera and many Hemiptera, they take the form of empodia or pulvilli between the tarsal claws; in a few Hemiptera they occur at the lower end of the tibia (Weber, 1930), while in many Coleoptera and Orthoptera it is the ventral surface of the tarsal segments themselves which is specially modified (Dewitz, 1884). These structure are generally stated to be absent in the Reduviidæ, but one of us (Gillett, 1932) has recently observed a new type of climbing organ in the blood-sucking reduviid bug, Rhodnius prolixus stål. The object of the present paper is to describe the structure of this organ and to discuss its mode of action.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF COLCHICINE ON MYOGENESIS IN VIVO IN RANA PIPIENS AND RHODNIUS PROLIXUS (HEMIPTERA)

1968 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Microtubule Disruption ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Tadpole Tail ◽  
Differentiation And Dedifferentiation ◽  
Regeneration Blastema

The effect of colchicine on myogenesis in vivo has been studied in the regenerating tadpole tail of the frog, Rana pipiens, and in the abdominal molting muscles of a blood-sucking bug, Rhodnius prolixus Stål. Colchicine is shown to disrupt microtubules in the differentiating muscle cells of both these organisms. The disruption of microtubules is correlated with a loss of longitudinal anisometry in the myoblasts and myotubes of the regeneration blastema in the tadpole tail. Before colchicine treatment, the myotubes contain longitudinally oriented myofibrils. After colchicine treatment, rounded, multinucleate myosacs containing randomly oriented myofibrils are present. It is suggested that the primary function of microtubules in myogenesis in the Rana pipiens tadpole is the maintenance of cell shape. The abdominal molting muscles of Rhodnius undergo repeated phases of differentiation and dedifferentiation of the sarcoplasm. However, the longitudinal anisometry of the muscle fibers is maintained in all phases by the attachments of the ends of the fibers to the exoskeleton, and microtubule disruption does not alter cell shape. The orientation of the developing myofibrils is also unaltered, indicating that the microtubules do not directly align or support the myofibrils in this system.

scholarly journals Purification and characterization of prolixin S (nitrophorin 2), the salivary anticoagulant of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus

1995 ◽  
Vol 308 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M C Ribeiro ◽  
M Schneider ◽  
J A Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Weak Cation Exchange ◽  
Haem Protein ◽  
Strong Cation Exchange Chromatography

The salivary anticoagulant of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus was purified to homogeneity using a protocol consisting of weak cation-exchange, DEAE, hydrophobic-interaction and octadecyl reverse-phase chromatography, yielding a protein with the same N-terminal sequence as nitrophorin 2, one of the four NO haem protein carriers present in the salivary glands of Rhodnius with a molecular mass of 19689 Da [D. Champagne, R.H. Nussenzveig and J.M.C. Ribeiro, (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, in the press]. To exclude the possibility of the nitrophorin being a contaminant, another chromatographic protocol was performed, consisting of chromatofocusing followed by strong-cation-exchange chromatography. Again the anticoagulant was eluted with nitrophorin 2. Nitrophorin 2 inhibits coagulation Factor VIII-mediated activation of Factor X and accounts for all the anti-clotting activity observed in Rhodnius salivary glands.

scholarly journals Salivary apyrase of Rhodnius prolixus. Kinetics and purification

1986 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 885-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J F Sarkis ◽  
J A Guimarães ◽  
J M C Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Atp Hydrolysis ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Phosphate Esters ◽  
Inorganic Pyrophosphatase ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Specific Activities

The salivary apyrase activity of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus was found to reside in a true apyrase (ATP diphosphohydrolase, EC 3.6.1.5) enzyme. The crude saliva was devoid of 5′-nucleotidase, inorganic pyrophosphatase, phosphatase and adenylate kinase activities. ATP hydrolysis proceeded directly to AMP and Pi without significant accumulation of ADP. Km values for ATP and ADP hydrolysis were 229 and 291 microM respectively. Ki values for ATP and ADP inhibition of ADP and ATP hydrolysis were not different from the Km values, and these experiments indicated competitive inhibition. Activities were purified 126-fold by combined gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography procedures with a yield of 63%. The purified enzyme displayed specific activities of 580 and 335 mumol of Pi released/min per mg of protein for ATP and ADP hydrolysis respectively. The action of the purified enzyme on several phosphate esters indicates that Rhodnius apyrase is a non-specific nucleosidetriphosphate diphosphohydrolase.

Exploring the sialome of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M.C Ribeiro ◽  
J Andersen ◽  
M.A.C Silva-Neto ◽  
V.M Pham ◽  
M.K Garfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Blood Sucking

scholarly journals Developmental roles of tyrosine metabolism enzymes in the blood-sucking insect Rhodnius prolixus

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1854) ◽  
pp. 20162607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Sterkel ◽  
Pedro L. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Tyrosine Metabolism

The phenylalanine/tyrosine degradation pathway is frequently described as a catabolic pathway that funnels aromatic amino acids into citric acid cycle intermediates. Previously, we demonstrated that the accumulation of tyrosine generated during the hydrolysis of blood meal proteins in Rhodnius prolixus is potentially toxic, a harmful outcome that is prevented by the action of the first two enzymes in the tyrosine degradation pathway. In this work, we further evaluated the relevance of all other enzymes involved in phenylalanine/tyrosine metabolism in the physiology of this insect. The knockdown of most of these enzymes produced a wide spectrum of distinct phenotypes associated with reproduction, development and nymph survival, demonstrating a highly pleiotropic role of tyrosine metabolism. The phenotypes obtained for two of these enzymes, homogentisate dioxygenase and fumarylacetoacetase, have never before been described in any arthropod. To our knowledge, this report is the first comprehensive gene-silencing analysis of an amino acid metabolism pathway in insects. Amino acid metabolism is exceptionally important in haematophagous arthropods due to their particular feeding behaviour.

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