scholarly journals Remodeling of the Embryonic Interventricular Communication in Regard to the Description and Classification of Ventricular Septal Defects

2018 ◽  
Vol 302 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Anderson ◽  
Diane E. Spicer ◽  
Timothy J. Mohun ◽  
Jill P.J.M. Hikspoors ◽  
Wouter H. Lamers
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defects ◽  
Septal Defects

Classification of ventricular septal defects—A matter of precision

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton E. Becker ◽  
Robert H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defects ◽  
Septal Defects

scholarly journals The Fate of the Outflow Tract Septal Complex in Relation to the Classification of Ventricular Septal Defects

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Anderson ◽  
Justin Tretter ◽  
Diane Spicer ◽  
Shumpei Mori
Keyword(s):  
Outflow Tract ◽  
Ventricular Septum ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defects ◽  
Atrioventricular Canal ◽  
Dorsal Wall ◽  
Septal Defects ◽  
Major Significance ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
The Right

It is now established that the entity often described as an “aortopulmonary septal complex” is better considered as an “outflow tract septal complex”. This change is crucial for appropriate understanding of not only malformations of the outflow tract, but also ventricular septal defects. Thus, the embryonic outflow tract, as it develops, is separated into its two components by fusion of a protrusion from the dorsal wall of the aortic sac with the distal end of the outflow cushions. The key point with regard to morphogenesis is that, with ongoing development, these structures lose their septal integrity, although they can still be identified as septal structures when the ventricular septum itself is deficient. In the normal postnatal heart, however, the aortic and pulmonary components have their own walls throughout the length of the outflow tracts. All of this is of clinical significance, since some current concepts of categorisation of the ventricular septal defects are based on the existence in the normal heart of a “conal septum”, along with a “septum of the atrioventricular canal”. In this review, we show how analysis of postnatal hearts reveals the definitive ventricular septum to possess only muscular and fibrous components in the absence of either discrete outflow or inlet components. We also show that this information regarding development, in turn, is of major significance in determining whether categorisation of ventricular septal defects is best approached, in the first instance, on the basis of the borders of the defects or the fashion in which they open to the right ventricle.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS (VSDS) ON THE BASIS OF GENETICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumbal Sarwar ◽  
Shabana Shabana ◽  
Shahida Hasnain
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defects ◽  
Septal Defects

scholarly journals Classification of ventricular septal defects.

Heart ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Soto ◽  
A E Becker ◽  
A J Moulaert ◽  
J T Lie ◽  
R H Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defects ◽  
Septal Defects

scholarly journals Anatomic Classification of Ventricular Septal Defects and Clinical Review of 99 Cases

1986 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Cheol Joo Lee ◽  
Tae Eun Jung ◽  
Dong Hyup Lee ◽  
Myeun Shik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Review ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defects ◽  
Septal Defects
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