The identification and electron microscopy of myoepithelial cells in the Harderian gland

1958 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Duncan Chiquoine
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells

Further Studies on the Ultrastructure of Harderian Gland in Adult Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Alfredo Feria-Velasco ◽  
Guadalupe Tapia-Arizmendi
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Cell Components

The fine structure of the Harderian gland has been described in some animal species (hamster, rabbit, mouse, domestic fowl and albino rats). There are only two reports in the literature dealing on the ultrastructure of rat Harderian gland in adult animals. In one of them the author describes the myoepithelial cells in methacrylate-embbeded tissue, and the other deals with the maturation of the acinar cells and the formation of the secretory droplets. The aim of the present work is to analize the relationships among the acinar cell components and to describe the two types of cells located at the perifery of the acini.

scholarly journals The non-brain anterior nerve center and tentacle crown structure of Owenia borealis (Annelida, Oweniidae): the evolution of the nervous system and tentacles in Bilateria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Rimskaya-Korsakova ◽  
Vyacheslav Dyachuk ◽  
Elena Temereva
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Coelomic Cavity ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Crown Structure ◽  
Transmission Electron

Abstract The Oweniidae are marine annelids with many unusual features of organ system, development, morphology, and ultrastructure. Together with magelionds, oweniids have been placed within the Palaeoannelida, a sister group to all remaining annelids. The study of this group may increase our understanding of the early evolution of annelids (including their radiation and diversification) and of the morphology of the last common bilaterian ancestor. In the current research, scanning electron microscopy revealed that the tentacle apparatus consists of 10 branched arms. The tentacles are covered by monociliary cells that form a ciliar groove that extends along the oral side of the arm base. Light, confocal, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that head region contains two circular intraepidermal nerves (outer and inner) that give rise to the neurites of each tentacle, i.e., intertentacular neurites are absent. Each tentacle contains a coelomic cavity with a network of blood capillaries. Monociliar myoepithelial cells of the tentacle coelomic cavity form both the longitudinal and the circular muscles. The structure of this myoepithelium is intermediate between simple and pseudo-stratified myepithelium. Overall, tentacles lack prominent zonality, i.e., co-localization of ciliary zones, neurite bundles, and muscles. This organization, which indicates a non-specialized tentacle crown in O. borealis and other oweniids with tentacles, is probably ancestral for annelids and for all Bilateria. The outer circular nerve of O. borealis is a dorsal medullary commissure that apparently functions as an anterior nerve center and is organized at the ultrastructural level as a stratified neuroepithelium. Given the hypothesis that the anterior nerve center of the last bilateral ancestor might be a diffuse neural plexus network, these results suggest that the ultra anatomy of that plexus brain might be a stratified neuroepithelium. Alternatively, the results could reflect the simplification of structure of the anterior nerve center in some bilaterian lineages.

Characterization of mammary cells from the lactating rat by electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 560-561
Author(s):  
P. Sadhukhan ◽  
J. Chakraborty ◽  
M. S. Soloff ◽  
M. H. Wieder ◽  
D. Senitzer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Phosphatase Cytochemistry

The means to identify cells isolated from the mammary gland of the lactating rat as a prerequisite for cell purification have been developed.The cells were isolated from mammary tissue with 0. 1% collagenase, and they were visualized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and by alkaline phosphatase cytochemistry.The milk-secreting cells have surface microvilli, whereas the surface of the myoepithelial cells is smooth (Fig. 1). The two isolated epithelial cell types are readily distinguishable by transmission electron microscopy (Fig. 2). The secretory cells contain vacuoles and a relatively extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, whereas the myoepithelial cells contain a more osmiophilic cytoplasm, contractile filaments (Fig. 3) and elongate processes. These features are consistent with the appearance of the two cell types in situ.Incubation of isolated cells with oxytocin prior to glutaraldehyde fixation resulted in the contraction of the myoepithelial cell processes (Figs. 4 & 5). This physiological response to oxytocin shows that the isolated myoepithelial cells were intact. The appearance of isolated secretory cells was unchanged by the presence of oxytocin.

Electron microscopic localization of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans in pleomorphic adenomas

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 774-775
Author(s):  
Ronald Lam
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Major Salivary Gland ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenomas ◽  
Cellular Source ◽  
Ruthenium Red Staining

Although “myoepithelial” cells in pleomorphic adenomas have been implicated by several ultrastructural studies as responsible for the production of myxomatous and chondroid stroma, the cellular source of stromal glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans has yet to be demonstrated histochemically by electron microscopy.Three major salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas were examined by electron microscopy after fixation in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and in 0.2% ruthenium red-glutaraldehyde. Routine ultrastructural preparations revealed a spectrum of cells with epithelial and mesenchymal features. The mesenchymal cells in the myxoid region displayed intracytoplasmic 70-80Å microfilaments, prominent Golgi complex, RER, and secretory vesicles. The fine structural appearance with ruthenium red stained tissue was similar to that of routine preparations. However, with ruthenium red staining, proteoglycans of the myxoid stroma could be visualized as numerous extracellular 250-500Å polygonal matrix granules with fine projecting filaments (Fig. 1A). Similar positive ruthenium red stained intracellular granules were observed within the cytoplasmic vacuoles of the mesenchymal cells, a feature not present in cells with epithelial differentiation (Fig. 1B).

Distribution of Substance P Immunoreactive Nerve Fibers in the Tracheal Submucosal Gland of Cats

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Sang Rha ◽  
Yukihiko Yasui ◽  
Yuichi Majima ◽  
Katsuma Nakano ◽  
Yasuo Sakakura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Submucosal Gland ◽  
Direct Stimulation ◽  
Submucosal Glands

Immunohistochemistry combined with electron microscopy was employed to investigate the distribution of substance P—immunoreactive (SP-IR) nerve fibers in the tracheal submucosal gland of cats. The SP-IR nerve fibers were found to form a network around the glands. Numerous varicosities were also detected within the basement membrane of the acini and secretory tubules. All the intraglandular varicosities showed close spatial contact with serous cells, mucous cells, and myoepithelial cells. Our findings suggest that substance P—induced mucus secretion from tracheal submucosal glands in cats may be caused not only by a glandular contractile response of myoepithelial cells, but also by direct stimulation to both serous and mucous cells.

scholarly journals Intermediate-sized filaments of the prekeratin type in myoepithelial cells.

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
W W Franke ◽  
E Schmid ◽  
C Freudenstein ◽  
B Appelhans ◽  
M Osborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Myogenic Differentiation ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Cell Specialization

Myoepithelial cells from mammary glands, the modified sweat glands of bovine muzzle, and salivary glands have been studied by electron microscopy and by immunofluorescence microscopy in frozen sections in an attempt to further characterize the type of intermediate-sized filaments present in these cells. Electron microscopy has shown that all myoepithelial cells contain extensive meshworks of intermediate-sized (7--11-nm) filaments, many of which are anchored at typical desmosomes or hemidesmosomes. The intermediate-sized filaments are also intimately associated with masses of contractile elements, identified as bundles of typical 5--6-nm microfilaments and with characteristically spaced dense bodies. This organization resembles that described for various smooth muscle cells. In immunofluorescence microscopy, using antibodies specific for the various classes of intermediate-sized filaments, the myoepithelial cells are strongly decorated by antibodies to prekeratin. They are not specifically stained by antibodies to vimentin, which stain mesenchymal cells, nor by antibodies to chick gizzard desmin, which decorate fibrils in smooth muscle Z bands and intercalated disks in skeletal and cardiac muscle of mammals. Myoepithelial cells are also strongly stained by antibodies to actin. The observations show (a) that the epithelial character, as indicated by the presence of intermediate-sized filaments of the prekeratin type, is maintained in the differentiated contractile myoepithelial cell, and (b) that desmin and desmin-containing filaments are not generally associated with musclelike cell specialization for contraction but are specific to myogenic differentiation. The data also suggest that in myoepithelial cells prekeratin filaments are arranged--and might function--in a manner similar to the desmin filaments in smooth muscle cells.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Orbital Harderian Gland in the Male Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-281
Author(s):  
G. G. Ortiz ◽  
A. Feria-Velasco ◽  
F. P. Pacheco-Moisés ◽  
S. Rodríguez-Reinoso ◽  
J. A. Cruz-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals Scannin electron microscopic observations of the myoepithelial cells of normal and contracting status in the rat harderian gland.

1981 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUNICHI ABE ◽  
ARATA SUGITA ◽  
MASAO HAMASAKI ◽  
KENICHI NAKAMURA ◽  
SHIGEAKI IWANAGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic

Transformation of Myoepithelial Cells into Epithelial Cells in Pregnancy

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
T. M. Murad ◽  
E. von Haam
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Lactating Mammary Gland ◽  
Stromal Tissue ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes ◽  
Ductular Proliferation

The origin of the early proliferating cells of the mammary gland during pregnancy has not been determined. The mammary gland of pregnant rats was studied by light microscopy (Jeffers, 1935). The cytology of the lactating mammary gland and its modes of secretion was studied in mice (Hollmann, 1959), in rats (Bargmann, 1961), and in rabbits (Hollmann, 1966). The present investigation, by electron microscopy, was undertaken to determine the earlier changes in the developing breast during pregnancy, since cellular identification is more easily accomplished by this technique.The mamMary glands of 12 pregnant rats the fifth day following fertilization and every 3 days thereafter until delivery, were studied by electron microscopy. The results show that the myoepithelial cells are the cells responsible for early ductular proliferation. Cytoplasmic processes are seen to project out from these cells into the stromal tissue (Figure 1). Columns of myoepithelial cells may be seen infiltrating the fatty tissue. After this stage the following cellular changes appear: The myoepithelial cells become detached and separated from one another by narrow spaces.

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