Chironomid larvae destroy cultivated microbial mat in protected Adriatic salterns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojca Juteršek ◽  
Marko Dolinar
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Mat ◽  
Chironomid Larvae

scholarly journals Factors influencing microbial mat composition, distribution and dinitrogen fixation in three western Indian Ocean coral reefs

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loïc Charpy ◽  
Katarzyna A. Palinska ◽  
Raeid M. M. Abed ◽  
Marie José Langlade ◽  
Stjepko Golubic
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Dinitrogen Fixation ◽  
Microbial Mat ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Effects of Macrofaunal Recolonization on Biogeochemical Processes and Microbiota—A Mesocosm Study

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1599
Author(s):  
Annika Fiskal ◽  
Aixala Gaillard ◽  
Sebastien Giroud ◽  
Dejan Malcic ◽  
Prachi Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Sediment Properties ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Sediment Reworking ◽  
Mesocosm Experiments ◽  
Tubificid Worms

Macroinvertebrates are widespread in lake sediments and alter sedimentary properties through their activity (bioturbation). Understanding the interactions between bioturbation and sediment properties is important given that lakes are important sinks and sources of carbon and nutrients. We studied the biogeochemical impact of macrofauna on surface sediments in 3-month-long mesocosm experiments conducted using sediment cores from a hypoxic, macrofauna-free lake basin. Experimental units consisted of hypoxic controls, oxic treatments, and oxic treatments that were experimentally colonized with chironomid larvae or tubificid worms. Overall, the presence of O2 in bottom water had the strongest geochemical effect and led to oxidation of sediments down to 2 cm depth. Relative to macrofauna-free oxic treatments, chironomid larvae increased sediment pore water concentrations of nitrate and sulfate and lowered porewater concentrations of reduced metals (Fe2+, Mn2+), presumably by burrow ventilation, whereas tubificid worms increased the redox potential, possibly through sediment reworking. Microbial communities were very similar across oxic treatments; however, the fractions of α-, β-, and γ-Proteobacteria and Sphingobacteriia increased, whereas those of Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Omnitrophica decreased compared to hypoxic controls. Sediment microbial communities were, moreover, distinct from those of macrofaunal tubes or feces. We suggest that, under the conditions studied, bottom water oxygenation has a stronger biogeochemical impact on lacustrine surface sediments than macrofaunal bioturbation.

Glossifungites gingrasi n. isp., a probable subaqueous insect domicile from the Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone, Utah

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
M. Ryan King ◽  
Andrew D. La Croix ◽  
Terry A. Gates ◽  
Paul B. Anderson ◽  
Lindsay E. Zanno
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Rock Record ◽  
Axis Parallel ◽  
Freshwater Fauna

Abstract A new ichnospecies, Glossifungites gingrasi n. isp., is described from multiple locations in basal sand-filled coastal plain distributary channels of the Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) Ferron Sandstone (central Utah). Glossifungites gingrasi n. isp. is attributed to the ichnogenus Glossifungites based on the presence of scratch imprints, passive fill, and a tongue-shaped structure, yet the new ichnospecies is distinct because it displays transverse bioglyphs that run perpendicular to the planiform structure, which contrasts to the axis parallel bioglyphs present in the ichnospecies G. saxicava. The transverse arrangement of ornamentation exhibited by G. gingrasi n. isp. is observed in modern subaqueous insect burrows produced by mayfly and chironomid larvae, and constitutes a way to differentiate insect-generated burrows from structures produced by crustaceans that are known to create other Glossifungites ichnospecies. Differentiating insect- from crustacean-generated burrows is significant because it provides a way to distinguish bioturbation by marine-recruited fauna from that produced by freshwater fauna in the rock record, making G. gingrasi n. isp. a valuable ichnological tool for paleoenvironmental and stratigraphic interpretation. While G. gingrasi n. isp. may represent a burrow created by a variety of filter-feeding subaqueous insects, the large size of G. gingrasi n. isp. in the Ferron Sandstone suggests that the largest specimens are probable mayfly burrows and supports the assertion that burrowing mayflies (e.g., Polymitarcyidae and Ephemeridae) adapted to domicile filter-feeding during or prior to the Turonian. UUID: http://zoobank.org/a033b22f-bf09-481a-975e-3a1b096154cc

scholarly journals Photosynthesis-controlled calcification in a hypersaline microbial mat

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1836-1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Ludwig ◽  
Fuad A. Al-Horani ◽  
Dirk de Beer ◽  
Henk M. Jonkers
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Mat
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