Landscape factors predict local extirpation in an imperilled minnow species, the bridle shiner ( Notropis bifrenatus )

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1227-1237
Author(s):  
Kasey C. Pregler ◽  
Neal Hagstrom ◽  
Eric T. Schultz ◽  
Jason C. Vokoun
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Factors ◽  
Bridle Shiner ◽  
Local Extirpation

Are local losses of biodiversity causing degraded ecosystem function?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Vellend
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Degraded Ecosystem ◽  
Biodiversity Change ◽  
Local Extirpation

This chapter highlights the scale dependence of biodiversity change over time and its consequences for arguments about the instrumental value of biodiversity. While biodiversity is in decline on a global scale, the temporal trends on regional and local scales include cases of biodiversity increase, no change, and decline. Environmental change, anthropogenic or otherwise, causes both local extirpation and colonization of species, and thus turnover in species composition, but not necessarily declines in biodiversity. In some situations, such as plants at the regional scale, human-mediated colonizations have greatly outnumbered extinctions, thus causing a marked increase in species richness. Since the potential influence of biodiversity on ecosystem function and services is mediated to a large degree by local or neighborhood species interactions, these results challenge the generality of the argument that biodiversity loss is putting at risk the ecosystem service benefits people receive from nature.

scholarly journals Are Climate Factors Driving the Contemporary Wildfire Occurrence in China?

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Zige Lan ◽  
Zhangwen Su ◽  
Meng Guo ◽  
Ernesto C. Alvarado ◽  
Futao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire Occurrence ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Wildfire Occurrence ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Data Resolution ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Landscape Factors ◽  
Modelling Approach

Understanding the drivers of wildfire occurrence is of great value for fire prevention and management, but due to the variation in research methods, data sources, and data resolution of those studies, it is challenging to conduct a large-scale comprehensive comparative qualitative analysis on the topic. China has diverse vegetation types and topography, and has undergone rapid economic and social development, but experiences a high frequency of wildfires, making it one of the ideal locations for wildfire research. We applied the Random Forests modelling approach to explore the main types of wildfire drivers (climate factors, landscape factors and human factors) in three high wildfire density regions (Northeast (NE), Southwest (SW), and Southeast (SE)) of China. The results indicate that climate factors were the main driver of wildfire occurrence in the three regions. Precipitation and temperature significantly impacted the fire occurrence in the three regions due to the direct influence on the moisture content of forest fuel. However, wind speed had important influence on fire occurrence in the SE and SW. The explanation power of the landscape and human factors varied significantly between regions. Human factors explained 40% of the fire occurrence in the SE but only explained less than 10% of the fire occurrence in the NE and SW. The density of roads was identified as the most important human factor driving fires in all three regions, but railway density had more explanation power on fire occurrence in the SE than in the other regions. The landscape factors showed nearly no influence on fire occurrence in the NE but explained 46.4% and 20.6% in the SE and SW regions, respectively. Amongst landscape factors, elevation had the highest average explanation power on fire occurrence in the three regions, particularly in the SW. In conclusion, this study provides useful insights into targeted fire prediction and prevention, which should be more precise and effective under climate change and socio-economic development.

Local extirpation is pervasive among historical populations of Galápagos endemic tomatoes

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-307
Author(s):  
Matthew J. S. Gibson ◽  
María de Lourdes Torres ◽  
Leonie C. Moyle
Keyword(s):  
Local Extirpation

scholarly journals Landscape Factors Influencing the Abundance and Dominance of the Invasive Plant Potentilla Recta

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan A. Endress ◽  
Bridgett J. Naylor ◽  
Catherine G. Parks ◽  
Steven R. Radosevich
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Landscape Factors

scholarly journals The Effects of Landscape Elements on the Breeding Sites of Bloodsucking Midge

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2863
Author(s):  
Kaowen Grace Chang ◽  
Hungju Chien
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Potential Habitats ◽  
Landscape Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Forcipomyia taiwana, a bloodsucking midge that is one of the most irritating biting pests in Taiwan, has raised widespread public concern. However, we have little information about the extent to which landscape factors affect their potential habitats. As a result, landscape professionals do not have enough information to implement preventive strategies to control midges. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between landscaping and algae growth for larval breeding sites of Forcipomyia taiwana. The intent is to determine the environmental strategies that make the planned landscape unsuitable for midges to breed. GIS based on data collected from 16 constructed landscape sites (317,187 m2 in total) was utilized to spatially examine the relationship between the occurrence of the algae for midge breeding sites and the ground surface types and planting characteristics in each landscape. The results revealed that the potential midge habitats can be controlled through careful selection of the ground surface, the improvement of the site drainage, and choosing plants with the appropriate characteristics. Apart from choosing the appropriate type of paving surface, the integrity of the paving installation and the coverage of the ecological surface also influence prevention efficacy.

Do landscape factors affect brownfield carabid assemblages?

2006 ◽  
Vol 360 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 205-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Small ◽  
Jon P. Sadler ◽  
Mark Telfer
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Factors

Do effects of landscape factors on coastal pond macrophyte communities depend on species traits?

2012 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Silvia Rolon ◽  
Odete Rocha ◽  
Leonardo Maltchik
Keyword(s):  
Species Traits ◽  
Macrophyte Communities ◽  
Landscape Factors

scholarly journals Detecting Urban Landscape Factors Controlling Seasonal Land Surface Temperatures: From the Perspective of Urban Function Zones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Li ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Lei Yao
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Landscape Factors ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Understanding of the impact on the thermal effect by urbanization is of great significance for urban thermal regulation, it is essential to determine the relationship between the urban heat island (UHI) effect and the complexities of urban function and landscape structure. For this purpose, we conducted a case research in the metropolitan region of Beijing, China, and >5000 urban blocks assigned with different urban function zones (UFZs) were identified as the basic spatial analysis units. Seasonal land surface temperature (LST) retrieved from remote sensing data were used to represent the UHI characteristics of the study area, and surface biophysical parameters, building forms, and landscape pattern metrics were selected as the urban landscape factors. Then, the effects of urban function and landscape structure on the UHI effect were examined by spatial regression models. The results indicated that: (1) Significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity of LST were found in the study area, and there was obvious temperature gradient with “working-living-resting” UFZs; (2) All the types of urban landscape factors showed significant contribution to seasonal LST, and sorted by surface biophysical factors > building forms > landscape factors. However, their contributions varied in different seasons; (3) The major contribute factors showed a certain difference due to the variation of urban function and landscape complexity. This study expands understanding on the complex relationship among urban landscape, function, and thermal environment, which could benefit urban landscape planning for UHI alleviation.

scholarly journals Distribución de felinos en áreas naturales protegidas de Honduras

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hector Orlando Portillo Reyes ◽  
Fausto Elvir
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Local Extirpation ◽  
Nmds Analysis

RESUMENEn Honduras ocurren cinco especies de felinos, jaguar (Panthera onca), puma (Puma concolor), ocelote (Leopardus pardalis), caucel (Leopardus wiedii) y el yaguarundí (Puma yagouaroundi). Se comparó la composición de las cinco especies de felinos en 15 áreas naturales  protegidas, las cuales se agruparon en tres regiones con diferentes zonas de vida, ecosistemas y gradientes altitudinal siendo estas; la región Moskitia, la región Central y la región Caribe. Se evaluó la detección de felinos con la presencia/ausencia en cada área. Se realizó un dendrograma y un análisis no métrico multidimensional para comparar la similitud entre áreas protegidas y especies. El hallazgo significativo es la ausencia del jaguar en las áreas protegidas de la región Central de Honduras, donde posiblemente se ha dado su extirpación. El puma, el ocelote, el caucel y el yaguarundí, se registran en las tres regiones del país. Al comparar la composición de los felinos en las tres regiones usando el análisis de similitud, este presentó diferencias significativas entre las áreas protegidas evaluadas. La región Central mostró menor composición que la región del Caribe y la Moskitia. La región de la Moskitia hondureña se muestra como la región con mayor resilencia para mantener las cinco especies de felinos.Palabras clave: Composición, conglomerados, escalamiento multi-dimesional no métrico (nmds), análisis de similitud (anosim), disimilitud, Moskitia. ABSTRACTHonduras is territory of five species of cats, jaguar (Panthera onca), puma (Puma concolor), ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), margay (Leopardus wiedii) and the yaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi). The composition of the five cats in 15 protected areas was compared grouped in three regions:  the Moskitia, Caribbean and Central region with different life zones, ecosystems and altitudinal levels. Cat detection was evaluated by presence/absence in each protected area. Cluster analysis and non- metric multidimentional scaling were used to compare similarity between protected areas and species. The significant finding is the absence of the jaguar in protected areas in the Central Region of Honduras confirming local extirpation. Puma, ocelots, margay and the yaguarundi are present in the three regions.  Comparing composition of cats between the three region using similarity analysis this presented significant difference between protected areas. The Central region showed a lower composition in cat structure that The Caribbean and Moskitia region. The Honduran Moskitia region showed a higher resilience to maintain the five cats.Key words: Composition, conglomerates, non-metric multidimentional scaling (nmds), analysis of similarity (anosim), dissimilarity, Moskitia.

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