scholarly journals Notifiable diseases: Testing and treating every case to get ahead of the curve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Lamy ◽  
Amita Chebbi ◽  
Rittika Datta ◽  
Phone Si Hein ◽  
Chris Erwin G. Mercado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Notifiable Diseases

scholarly journals Shifting Landscape of Healthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistant Infection Reporting Policy, 2005–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s389-s389
Author(s):  
Jeremy Goodman ◽  
Samuel Clasp ◽  
Arjun Srinivasan ◽  
Elizabeth Mothershed ◽  
Seth Kroop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Department ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Candida Auris ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Reporting Requirements ◽  
Resistant Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a serious threat to patient safety; they account for substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Healthcare practices, such as inappropriate use of antimicrobials, can also amplify the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Data collected to target HAI prevention and antimicrobial stewardship efforts and measure progress are an important resource for assuring transparency and accountability in healthcare, tracking adverse outcomes, investigating healthcare practices that may spread or protect against disease, detecting and responding to the spread of resistant pathogens, preventing infections, and saving lives. Methods: We discuss 3 healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial Resistant infection (HAI-AR) reporting types: NHSN HAI-AR reporting, reportable diseases, and nationally notifiable diseases. HAI-AR reporting requirements outline facilities and data to report to NHSN and the health department to comply with state laws. Reportable diseases are those that facilities, providers, and laboratories are required to report to the health department. Nationally notifiable diseases are those reported by health departments to the CDC for nationwide surveillance and analysis as determined by Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and the CDC. Data presented are based on state and federal policy; NHSN data are based on CDC reporting statistics. Results: Since the 2005 launch of the CDC NHSN and publication of federal advisory committee HAI reporting guidance, most states have established policies stipulating healthcare facilities in their jurisdiction report HAIs and resistant infections to the NHSN to gain access to those data, increasing from 2 states in 2005, to 18 in 2010, and to 36 states, Washington, DC, and Philadelphia in 2019. Reporting policies and NHSN participation expanded greatly following the 2011 inception of CMS HAI quality reporting requirements, with several states aligning state requirements with CMS reporting. States listing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) as a reportable disease increased from 7 in 2013 to 41 states and the District of Columbia in 2019. Vancomycin-intermediate and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VISA/VRSA) was added as a nationally notifiable disease in 2004, carbapenemase-producing CRE (CP-CRE) was added in 2018, and Candida auris clinical infections were added in 2019. The CDC and most jurisdictions with HAI reporting mandates issue public reports based on aggregate state data and/or facility-level data. States may also alert healthcare providers and health departments of emerging threats and to assist in notifying patients of potential exposure. Conclusions: Through efforts by health departments, facilities, patient advocates, partners, the CDC, and other federal agencies, HAI-AR reporting has steadily increased. Although reporting laws and data uses vary between jurisdictions, data provided serves as valuable tools to inform prevention.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

Communication of notifiable diseases

1989 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 358-358
Author(s):  
G.L. Rubin ◽  
R.L. Rushworth ◽  
P.S. Morey ◽  
G.J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Notifiable Diseases

The Notification of the Non- Notifiable Diseases

1903 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-294
Author(s):  
Edmund Moody Smith
Keyword(s):  
Notifiable Diseases

scholarly journals The tip of the iceberg: incompleteness of measles reporting during a large outbreak in The Netherlands in 2013–2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Woudenberg ◽  
F. Woonink ◽  
J. Kerkhof ◽  
K. Cox ◽  
W.L.M. Ruijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
National Level ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
National Register ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Measles Outbreak ◽  
Large Outbreak ◽  
Completeness Of Reporting

AbstractMeasles is a notifiable disease, but not everyone infected seeks care, nor is every consultation reported. We estimated the completeness of reporting during a measles outbreak in The Netherlands in 2013–2014. Children below 15 years of age in a low vaccination coverage community (n= 3422) received a questionnaire to identify measles cases. Cases found in the survey were matched with the register of notifiable diseases to estimate the completeness of reporting. Second, completeness of reporting was assessed by comparing the number of susceptible individuals prior to the outbreak with the number of reported cases in the surveyed community and on a national level.We found 307 (15%) self-identified measles cases among 2077 returned questionnaires (61%), of which 27 could be matched to a case reported to the national register; completeness of reporting was 8.8%. Based on the number of susceptible individuals and number of reported cases in the surveyed community and on national level, the completeness of reporting was estimated to be 9.1% and 8.6%, respectively. Estimating the completeness of reporting gave almost identical estimates, which lends support to the credibility and validity of both approaches. The size of the 2013–2014 outbreak approximated 31 400 measles infections.

scholarly journals Awareness and reporting of notifiable diseases among private laboratory scientists in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magbagbeola D. Dairo ◽  
Salewa Leye-Adebayo ◽  
Abimbola F. Olatule
Keyword(s):  
Health Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Disease Notification ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Private Laboratory ◽  
Lagos State

The availability of accurate, up-to-date, reliable and relevant health information on disease notification by medical laboratory practitioners is essential to detecting and responding to epidemic outbreaks. However, information on notification practices of private laboratory scientists are not well documented. This study was conducted to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of Integrated Diseases Surveillance and Response (IDSR), as well as its practice by private laboratory scientists in Lagos State, Nigeria. In a cross-sectional study, 190 respondents from 14 chapters of the Association of Medical Laboratory Scientists in Lagos state were interviewed using a pretested self-administered semistructured questionnaire to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, awareness of IDSR and its policy, knowledge of notifiable diseases, practice of IDSR and constraints to reporting notifiable diseases. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and logistic regression at P = 0.05. The mean age of the respondents was 34.0 years with a standard deviation (sd) of ±8.5 years and 65.3% were males. Half (50.0%) of them have ≤5 years of working experience with a mean of 7.5±5.8 years. About 8.9% had ever heard of IDSR. About 9.5% had ever seen a disease notification form and 51.1% had good knowledge of IDSR guidelines for the country. Most (86.3%) had never reported a notifiable disease. Lack of knowledge on how to report (56.8%) and inefficiency of the health department (44.7%) were the major reasons given for not reporting. A significant predictor of disease notification was awareness of IDSR (OR= 5.7, CI=1.9-16.7). Private medical laboratory practitioner’s awareness and practice of disease notification is poor. A range of interventions including awareness campaign, IDSR training, feedback and logistic support for reporting is recommended to improve reporting practices by private medical laboratory scientists.

scholarly journals Surveillance of varicella and herpes zoster in Slovenia, 1996 – 2005

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Socan ◽  
M Blaško
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
School Children ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
School Calendar ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Case Based

In Slovenia, varicella and herpes zoster infections are case-based mandatorily notifiable diseases. We present surveillance data for a period of ten years (1996 - 2005). Incidences of varicella ranged from 456 to 777 per 100 000 population in all age groups. As many as 75% of varicella cases reported were in pre-school children, with children aged three and four years being most affected. The incidence of varicella increased between October and January and was lowest in August and September; the seasonal pattern matches patterns in the school calendar. Herpes zoster was declared a reportable disease in 1995. In 2005, 1627 cases were notified (81.3/100 000). Female cases outnumbered male. The highest incidence of herpes zoster was noted in elderly individuals over 70 years of age. Complications, such as zoster meningitis and meningoencephalitis, were rarely reported (3.05/1 000 000).

scholarly journals Novel Tools Supporting Knowledge Translation for Public Health Practice in British Columbia, Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Stares ◽  
Jenny Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

ABSTRACT ObjectivesUnderlying the delivery of services by the universal Canadian health care system are a number of rich secondary administrative health data sets which contain information on persons who are registered for care and details on their contacts with the system. These datasets are powerful sources of information for investigation of non-notifiable diseases and as an adjunct to traditional communicable disease surveillance. However, there are gaps between public health practitioners, access to these data, and access to experts in the use of these secondary data. The data linkage requires in-depth knowledge of these data including usages, limitations and data quality issues and also the skills to extract data to support secondary usage. OLAP reports have been developed to support operation needs but not on advanced analytics reports for surveillance and cohort study. To fill these gaps, we developed a set of web-based modular, parameterized, extraction and reporting tools for the purpose of: 1) decreasing the time and resources necessary to fill general secondary data requests for public health audiences; 2) quickly providing information from descriptive analysis of secondary data to public health practitioners; 3) informing the development of data feeds for continued enhanced surveillance or further data access requests; 4) assisting in preliminary stages of epidemiological investigations of non-notifiable diseases; and, 5) facilitating access to information from secondary data for evidence-based decision making in public health. ApproachWe intend to present these tools by case study of their application to small area analysis of secondary data in the context of air quality concerns. Data sources include individuals registered for health care coverage in BC, hospital separations, physician consultations, chronic disease registries, and drugs dispensation. Data sets contain complete information from 1992. Data were extracted and analyzed to describe the occurrence of health service utilization for cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity. Analysis was undertaken for BC residents in areas identified by local public health as priorities for monitoring. Health outcomes were directly standardized by age and compared to provincial trends by use of the comparative morbidity figure. ResultsResults will include descriptive epidemiological analysis of secondary data relating to respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity in the context of air quality concerns, summary of next steps, as well as an assessment of tool performance. ConclusionsWhere adopted tools such as these can make information from secondary data more accessible to support public health practice, particularly in regions with low analytical or epidemiological capacity.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Profile of Meningitis Cases in the Southeast Region in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Pugas Paim Lima ◽  
Bruna Trindade Andrade ◽  
Jéssika Pereira Marques Diniz ◽  
Raphaela Hissa de Oliveira Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Southeast Region ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Clinical Evolution ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Espirito Santo

This project has as an objective the analysis of the epidemiological profile of the cases of meningitis in the southeastern of Brazil, comparingetiologies, age group and evolution. The study has an epidemiological profile where confirmed cases were selected between 2010-2019. The approach was quantitative through research on the DATASUS platform, in the field of Diseases and Notifiable Diseases - SINAN. There’s a predominance of deaths due to Other Bacteria, the same being predominant in the age group of 40-59 and less in 80 year olds or more. In addition, it’s noticed less occurrence of Haemophilus Meningitis with a predilection for infants. In Espirito Santo, there’s a higher incidence of deaths from, mainly affecting the age group of 20-39 year olds, which accounts for 20% of the cases. In Rio de Janeiro, there’s a predominance of Other Bacterias, which corresponds to 20.7% of the total cases, in those aged 20-39 years. In São Paulo, there’s a supremacy of Viral with 59% of total cases, affecting mainly children, with emphasis on 1-4 year olds, having a good clinical evolution, however, corresponds to 7% of the total deaths. If untreated, the morbimortality is profound, it’s important to recognize the epidemiological profile of the pathology so that the approach to patients who present it, is the most targeted and effective as possible. Data analysis showed that Other Bacterias Meningitis is the main cause of death, therefore, epidemiology is associated with severity and lethality.

scholarly journals Emergence of West Nile virus infections in humans in Turkey, 2010 to 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kalaycioglu ◽  
G Korukluoglu ◽  
A Ozkul ◽  
O Oncul ◽  
S Tosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Lower Activity ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Routine Surveillance

In 2010, 47 human cases of West Nile virus (WNV) infection, including 12 laboratory-confirmed and 35 probable cases, were identified in Turkey. These were the first cases detected during routine surveillance. The patients were from 15 provinces, mainly located in the western part of the country. Incidence was 0.19/100,000 with a maximum of 1.39 in Sakarya province. Forty of the total 47 cases showed neuroinvasive manifestation. Median age was 58 years with a range of four to 86. Ten of the patients died. Enhanced surveillance in humans and animals and mosquito control measures were implemented. The WNV infections were included in the national notifiable diseases list as of April 2011. In 2011, three probable and two confirmed cases of WNV infection were diagnosed in provinces where infections had been detected in the previous year, supporting a lower activity than 2010. However, detection of WNV infections in humans in 2010 and 2011 consecutively, may indicate that WNV has become endemic in the western part of Turkey. Field epidemiological studies were undertaken to understand more about the nature of infection in Turkey.

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