Changes in the microstructure and enzymatic hydrolysis performance of chitin treated by steam explosion, high‐pressure homogenization, and γ radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 137 (48) ◽  
pp. 49597
Author(s):  
Miaomiao Zhai ◽  
Jinghe Du ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Jianyin Miao ◽  
Jianglong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Γ Radiation

Enzymatic Hydrolysis Combined with Mechanical Shearing and High-Pressure Homogenization for Nanoscale Cellulose Fibrils and Strong Gels

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934-1941 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pääkkö ◽  
M. Ankerfors ◽  
H. Kosonen ◽  
A. Nykänen ◽  
S. Ahola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Cellulose Fibrils ◽  
Mechanical Shearing

scholarly journals Effect of physicochemical pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis on corn straw degradation and reducing sugar yield

BioResources ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 7002-7015
Author(s):  
Weiwei Huang ◽  
Erzhu Wang ◽  
Juan Chang ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Qingqiang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Wet Steam ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
High Pressure Steam ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Pressure Steam

Straw lignocelluloses were converted to reducing sugar for possible use for bioenergy production via physicochemical pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis. The experiment was divided into 2 steps. The first step focused on breaking the crystal structure and removing lignin in corn straw. The lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose degradation rates observed were 92.2%, 73.7%, and 4.6%, respectively, after corn straw was treated with sodium hydroxide (3% w/w) plus high-pressure steam (autoclave), 74.8%, 72.5%, and 4.3% after corn straw was treated with sodium hydroxide (8%, w/w) plus wet steam explosion, compared with native corn straw (P < 0.05). The second step was enzymatic hydrolysis for the pretreated straw. The enzymatic hydrolysis could yield 576 mg/g reducing sugar and significantly degrade cellulose and hemicellulose contents by 93.3% and 94.4% for the corn straw pretreated with sodium hydroxide plus high-pressure steam. For the corn straw pretreated with sodium hydroxide plus wet steam explosion, the enzymatic hydrolysis could yield 508 mg/g reducing sugar, and degrade cellulose and hemicellulose contents by 83.5% and 84.2%, respectively, compared with the untreated corn straw (P<0.05). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the physicochemical pretreatments plus enzymatic hydrolysis degraded corn straw to many small molecules. Thus, physicochemical pretreatments plus enzymatic hydrolysis converted lignocellulose to reducing sugar effectively.

High-Pressure Homogenization Alters Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Digestibility of Chinese Yam (Dioscorea Opposita Thunb.) Starch

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Wang Yi-Wei ◽  
He Yong-Zhao ◽  
An Feng-Ping ◽  
Huang Qun ◽  
Zeng Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Cross Polarization ◽  
Chinese Yam ◽  
Crystal Type

In this study, Chinese yam starch-water suspension (8%) were subjected to high-pressure homogenization (HPH) at 100 MPa for increasing cycle numbers, and its effect of on the physicochemical properties of the starch was investigated. Results of the polarizing microscope observations showed that the starch granules were disrupted (i.e. greater breakdown value) after HPH treatment, followed by a decrease in cross polarization. After three HPH cycles, the crystallinity of starch decreased, while the crystal type remained unaltered. Meanwhile, the contents of rapidly digestible starch and slowly digestible starch were increased. On the contrary, resistant starch content was decreased. Our results indicate that HPH treatment resulted in reduction of starch crystallinity and increase of starch digestibility.

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