Flame retardant and mechanical properties of epoxy composites with ammonium polyphosphate and hyperbranched silicon‐containing polymers

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 (28) ◽  
pp. 48857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo‐Chung Cheng ◽  
Tzu‐Hsuan Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Epoxy Composites

Effect of ammonium polyphosphate and fillers on flame retardant and mechanical properties of recycled PET injection molded

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supaphorn Thumsorn ◽  
Takanori Negoro ◽  
Wiranphat Thodsaratpreeyakul ◽  
Hiroyuki Inoya ◽  
Masayuki Okoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Injection Molded

Flammability and Mechanical Properties of Toughened Phenolic Foams Containing APP, MP and MCA

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 1809-1812
Author(s):  
Shao Hong Xu ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Zheng Zhou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Melamine Cyanurate ◽  
Melamine Phosphate

Flammability of toughened phenolic (PF) foams containing ammonium polyphosphate (APP), melamine phosphate (MP) or melamine cyanurate(MCA) was studied by limiting oxygen index (LOI). The LOI values show that APP or MP is an effient flame retardant than MCA in the toughened PF foams. The thermal decomposition and mechanical properties of the phenolic foams were also investigated.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Fire Properties of Multicomponent Flame Retardant EPDM Rubbers Using Aluminum Trihydroxide, Ammonium Polyphosphate, and Polyaniline

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Zirnstein ◽  
Dietmar Schulze ◽  
Bernhard Schartel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Epdm Rubber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Aluminum Trihydroxide

In this study, multicomponent flame retardant systems, consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), aluminum trihydroxide (ATH), and polyaniline (PANI), were used in ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. The multicomponent system was designed to improve flame retardancy and the mechanical properties of the rubber compounds, while simultaneously reducing the amount of filler. PANI was applied at low loadings (7 phr) and combined with the phosphorous APP (21 phr) and the mineral flame retardant ATH (50 phr). A comprehensive study of six EPDM rubbers was carried out by systematically varying the fillers to explain the impact of multicomponent flame retardant systems on mechanical properties. The six EPDM materials were investigated via the UL 94, limiting oxygen index (LOI), FMVSS 302, glow wire tests, and the cone calorimeter, showing that multicomponent flame retardant systems led to improved fire performance. In cone calorimeter tests the EPDM/APP/ATH/PANI composite reduced the maximum average rate of heat emission (MARHE) to 142 kW·m−2, a value 50% lower than that for the unfilled EPDM rubber. Furthermore, the amount of phosphorus in the residues was quantified and the mode of action of the phosphorous flame retardant APP was explained. The data from the cone calorimeter were used to determine the protective layer effect of the multicomponent flame retardant systems in the EPDM compounds.

Flame retardant and mechanical properties of epoxy composites containing APP−PSt core−shell microspheres

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (9) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
ChunXia Zhao ◽  
YunTao Li ◽  
YunLiang Xing ◽  
Da He ◽  
Jie Yue
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Core Shell

scholarly journals Basalt Fiber-Based Flame Retardant Epoxy Composites: Preparation, Thermal Properties, and Flame Retardancy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 902
Author(s):  
Yu Guo ◽  
Meihui Zhou ◽  
Guang-Zhong Yin ◽  
Ehsan Kalali ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

We aimed to study the impact of surface modification of basalt fiber (BF) on the mechanical properties of basalt fiber-based epoxy composites. Four different types of pretreatment approaches to BF were used; then a silane coupling agent (KH550) was applied to further modify the pretreated BF, prior to the preparation of epoxy resin (EP)/BF composites. The combination of acetone (pre-treatment) and KH550 (formal surface treatment) for basalt fiber (BT-AT) imparted the EP/BF composite with the best performance in both tensile and impact strengths. Subsequently, such modified BF was introduced into the flame-retardant epoxy composites (EP/AP750) to prepare basalt fiber reinforced flame-retardant epoxy composite (EP/AP750/BF-AT). The fire behaviors of the composites were evaluated by vertical burning test (UL-94), limiting oxygen index (LOI) test and cone calorimetry. In comparison to the flame-retardant properties of EP/AP750, the incorporation of BF-AT slightly reduced LOI value from 26.3% to 25.1%, maintained the good performance in vertical burning test, but increased the peak of the heat release rate. Besides, the thermal properties and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), universal tensile test, impact test and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).

scholarly journals Rigid Polyurethane Foams Containing Modified Ammonium Polyphosphate Having Outstanding Charring Ability and Increased Flame Retardancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunzhuang Yang ◽  
Shuiyu Shao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Cone Calorimeter Test ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
The Impact

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with different polymerization degrees were modified by a novel phosphorus-containing organosilicon compound (PCOC), and the products obtained were coded as MAPP-30 and MAPP-1000. Then they were applied to prepare flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) separately. The impact of modified APP (MAPP) on the flame-retardant properties of RPUF was investigated by the limited oxygen index (LOI) test, horizontal burning test, and cone calorimeter test. The morphologies of the char residues were observed by SEM. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of RPUF composites were measured by the compressive strength test. The results showed that whether the degree of polymerization of MAPP is 30 or 1000, they both had greater charring ability and better flame-retardant properties than unmodified APP. The residual char yield of RPUF/MAPP-30 (37.3%) and RPUF/MAPP-1000 (36.5%) were both significantly higher than RPUF/APP-30 (22.8%) and RPUF/APP-1000 (24.9%). The peak heat release rate value of RPUF/MAPP-30 was 29.9% lower than that of RPUF/APP-30, and the drop of RPUF/MAPP-1000 was 50.9% compared to RPUF/APP-1000. Moreover, the total heat release of RPUF/MAPP-1000 (9.7 MJ/m2) was much lower than that of RPUF/MAPP-30 (11.3 MJ/m2). In summary, MAPP-1000 has the best flame-retardant properties among all RPUF composites. In addition, the results also showed that flame-retardant performance and the mechanical properties dramatically decreased with the increase in the addition of MAPP-1000, and the RPUF composite had the best comprehensive performance with 20% content of MAPP-1000.

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