Synergistic flame retardant interplay of phosphorus containing flame retardants with aluminum trihydrate depending on the specific surface area in unsaturated polyester resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 (13) ◽  
pp. 47270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Reuter ◽  
Lara Greiner ◽  
Frank Schönberger ◽  
Manfred Döring
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Aluminum Trihydrate ◽  
Synergistic Flame Retardant

scholarly journals New Production Route of Magnesium Hydroxide and Related Environmental Impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8822
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jarosinski ◽  
Piotr Radomski ◽  
Lukasz Lelek ◽  
Joanna Kulczycka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
New Production ◽  
Constant Flow Rate ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents research on a method of obtaining magnesium hydroxide from magnesium sulphate salts and NaOH. In order to acquire the desired and controlled properties, the method of precipitating in aqueous solutions by introducing a NaOH solution into a solution of MgSO4 has been applied. To get as stable a product as possible with graining, the introduction of NaOH takes place at a constant flow rate. In order to identify the environmental impact of the developed process, a life cycle assessment (LCA) has been made. The use of the proposed method for the synthesis of Mg(OH)2 incorporating washing with 25% ammonia solution and acetone enabled a product with a high specific surface area. The Mg(OH)2 obtained was characterised by a higher specific surface area than commercially available magnesium hydroxides that are used as additives for flame retardants in polymeric materials. This allows the material to be used as an anti-pyrogen for a wider group of polymeric materials. For the LCA analysis, two scenarios were assumed, from which the basic one included recovery of ammonia and acetone. The environmental analysis carried out confirmed the validity of this assumption, as it was stated that the main part of the impact was connected with the supply chain for the process examined.

Study on thermal degradation and combustion behavior of flame retardant unsaturated polyester resin modified with a reactive phosphorus containing monomer

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (55) ◽  
pp. 49633-49642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lin ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
Lei Song ◽  
Yuan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Bulk Polymerization ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester Resin ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Halogen Free

A halogen-free phosphorus-containing monomer (TAOPO) was successfully synthesized and used as a co-curing agent to prepare intrinsic flame-retardant unsaturated polyester resin (FR-UPR) by radical bulk polymerization with different TAOPO content.

scholarly journals Towards Selection Charts for Epoxy Resin, Unsaturated Polyester Resin and Their Fibre-Fabric Composites with Flame Retardants

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1181
Author(s):  
Noha Ramadan ◽  
Mohamed Taha ◽  
Angela Daniela La Rosa ◽  
Ahmed Elsabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polyester Resins ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers

Epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins are the most used thermosetting polymers. They are commonly used in electronics, construction, marine, automotive and aircraft industries. Moreover, reinforcing both epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins with carbon or glass fibre in a fabric form has enabled them to be used in high-performance applications. However, their organic nature as any other polymeric materials made them highly flammable materials. Enhancing the flame retardancy performance of thermosetting polymers and their composites can be improved by the addition of flame-retardant materials, but this comes at the expense of their mechanical properties. In this regard, a comprehensive review on the recent research articles that studied the flame retardancy of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin and their composites were covered. Flame retardancy performance of different flame retardant/polymer systems was evaluated in terms of Flame Retardancy index (FRI) that was calculated based on the data extracted from the cone calorimeter test. Furthermore, flame retardant selection charts that relate between the flame retardancy level with mechanical properties in the aspects of tensile and flexural strength were presented. This review paper is also dedicated to providing the reader with a brief overview on the combustion mechanism of polymeric materials, their flammability behaviour and the commonly used flammability testing techniques and the mechanism of action of flame retardants.

The Thermal Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Treated with Intumescent Flame Retardants

2014 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Ming Gao ◽  
Dan Rong ◽  
Chun Guang Song ◽  
Yu Wen Ji
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester Resin ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Burning Behavior ◽  
Resultant Data ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardants

A novel cheap macromolecular intumescent flame retardant (IFR), was synthesized. Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) was modified with IFR to get the flame retardant UPR, whose flammability and burning behavior were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI). 22.7% of weight of IFR was doped into UPR to get 28.5 of LOI. The thermal properties of epoxy resins containing IFR were investigated with thermogravimetry (TG). Activation energy for the decomposition of samples was obtained using Kissinger equation. The resultant data show that for UPR containing IFR, compared with UPR, IFR decreased weight loss, thermal stability, increased the char yield, which shows that IFR can catalyze decomposition and carbonization of UPR.

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