Expandable graphite in polyurethane foams: The effect of expansion volume and intercalants on flame retardancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 134 (31) ◽  
pp. 45173 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lorenzetti ◽  
B. Dittrich ◽  
B. Schartel ◽  
M. Roso ◽  
M. Modesti
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Expansion Volume

scholarly journals Influence of Organoclay on the Flame Retardancy and Thermal Insulation Property of Expandable Graphite/Polyurethane Foam

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhung Hac Thi ◽  
Duy Linh Pham ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hanh ◽  
Ho Thi Oanh ◽  
Thi Hai Yen Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Insulation Property ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Thermal Insulation Property ◽  
The One ◽  
Polyurethane Composites

The rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) filled with organoclay cloisite 20A and expandable graphite (EG) were prepared by the one-step expanding foam method. Flame behavior, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity of the composites were investigated. The vertical burning test (UL-94V) and limiting oxygen index (LOI) showed that the flame retardancy was increased proportionally with the content of EG in PU composite. However, the presence of EG filler impaired the thermal insulation and the compressive strength of the composite. In this report, we proved that organoclay could improve the compressive strength, thermal insulation, and flame retardancy of EG/polyurethane composites. This work can contribute to the development of environment-friendly flame-retardant products for green growth.

scholarly journals Structure and Flame-Retardant Actions of Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Expandable Graphite

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjun Chen ◽  
Yuanfang Luo ◽  
Xiaohui Guo ◽  
Lijuan Chen ◽  
Tiwen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Limit Oxygen Index ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Blending Method

In this paper, rigid polyurethane foams that were filled with expandable graphite (RPUF/EG) composites were prepared by the liquid blending method, and then the structure and flame retardancy performance of materials were investigated through optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, limit oxygen index, cone calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis coupled to fourier transform infrared spectrum, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that a large number of EG could be good to the exhibition of flame retardancy of RPUF, where the optimal material was found at loading 15 phr EG that showed an increased limit oxygen index value and a decreased calorific or fuming value. TGA coupled FTIR and XPS revealed that EG could disassembled before RPUF under heating treatment, and it could form a pyknotic and enahnced residual carbon layer on RPUF surface after the fire, which restricted the transfer of gas, like oxygen or heat into PU matrix, finally resulting in the promotion of flame retardancy of RPUF.

Flame retardancy of different-sized expandable graphite particles for high-density rigid polyurethane foams

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 862-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Shi ◽  
Zhong-Ming Li ◽  
Bang-Hu Xie ◽  
Jian-Hua Wang ◽  
Chun-Rong Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
High Density ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Graphite Particles ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foams

Synergistic effect of aluminum hydroxide and expandable graphite on the flame retardancy of polyisocyanurate-polyurethane foams

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjin Wang ◽  
Kui He ◽  
Quanxiao Dong ◽  
Ning Zhu ◽  
Yong Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Expandable Graphite

scholarly journals Effects of Various Types of Expandable Graphite and Blackcurrant Pomace on the Properties of Viscoelastic Polyurethane Foams

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1801
Author(s):  
Rafał Oliwa ◽  
Joanna Ryszkowska ◽  
Mariusz Oleksy ◽  
Monika Auguścik-Królikowska ◽  
Małgorzata Gzik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Scanning Electron

We investigated the effect of the type and amount of expandable graphite (EG) and blackcurrant pomace (BCP) on the flammability, thermal stability, mechanical properties, physical, and chemical structure of viscoelastic polyurethane foams (VEF). For this purpose, the polyurethane foams containing EG, BCP, and EG with BCP were obtained. The content of EG varied in the range of 3–15 per hundred polyols (php), while the BCP content was 30 php. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the additional introduction of BCPs into EG-containing composites allows for an additive effect in improving the functional properties of viscoelastic polyurethane foams. As a result, the composite containing 30 php of BCP and 15 php of EG with the largest particle size and expanded volume shows the largest change in the studied parameters (hardness (H) = 2.65 kPa (+16.2%), limiting oxygen index (LOI) = 26% (+44.4%), and peak heat release rate (pHRR) = 15.5 kW/m2 (−87.4%)). In addition, this composite was characterized by the highest char yield (m600 = 17.9% (+44.1%)). In turn, the change in mechanical properties is related to a change in the physical and chemical structure of the foams as indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis.

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