Flame-retardant properties and mechanisms of epoxy thermosets modified with two phosphorus-containing phenolic amines

2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Fusheng Yang ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Zaisheng Cai
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

Synthesis of novel phosphorus-containing epoxy hardeners and thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of cured products

2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 1219-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Qin Xiong ◽  
Xu-Yong Zhang ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Ming-Ming Li ◽  
Fei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

scholarly journals Study on Thermal and Flame Retardant Properties of Phosphorus-containing Polyimides

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Diana Serbezeanu ◽  
Tachita Vlad-Bubulac ◽  
Elena Hamciuc ◽  
Corneliu Hamciuc ◽  
Gabriela Lisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Combustion Mechanism ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Microscale Combustion Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Structure Confirmation

The present study aimed to design macromolecular architectures having imide core in the main chain and bearing two 9,10-dihydro-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide heterocycles in the side chain of each structural units as a synergetic two components key factor to induce attractive flame retardant properties in the resulted materials. The synthesis pathway consisted in the classical polycondensation reaction strategy using a phosphorus-containing diamine synthesized in the laboratory and three commercial dianhydrides co-monomers. The chemical structure confirmation of the phosphorus-containing polyimides has been performed by means of FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the products was introspected through TGA analysis. The char yields measured at 900oC ranged between 35% and 54%. Using these parameters limiting oxygen index values were theoretically calculated. Also, the microscale combustion calorimetry measurements have been conducted, in order to investigate the combustion mechanism of the synthesized phosphorus-containing polyimides.

Preparation of microcellular poly(lactic acid) composites foams with improved flame retardancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Wentao Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Limited Oxygen Index ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Limited Oxygen

In this study, flame-retardant poly(lactic acid) foams with satisfactory cell structures were prepared by microcellular foaming technology using phosphorus-containing flame retardant and graphene as the charring agent. The introduction of 5–30 wt% flame retardant increased the limited oxygen index value of poly(lactic acid) from 19.0 to 26.5–37.8% and simultaneously increased the foam expansion of poly(lactic acid) foams from 4.4 to 5.8–17.5. In addition, all the prepared poly(lactic acid)/flame-retardant composites passed the UL-94 V-0 rating. The addition of 0.5 wt% graphene increased the limited oxygen index value of poly(lactic acid)/flame-retardant composite with flame-retardant content of 15 wt% from 27.9 to 29.2%, and more graphene additions improved the antidripping behavior of poly(lactic acid) composites. The possible mechanisms of the effects of the resultant cellular structure on the flame-retardant properties of poly(lactic acid) composites were also discussed.

Preparation and characterization of flame retardant epoxy resins based on phosphorus-containing biphenyl-type phenolic resin

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiapei Ding ◽  
Zhiqiang Tao ◽  
Lin Fan ◽  
Shiyong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Strong Lewis Acid ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

AbstractA phosphorus-containing biphenyl-type phenolic resin (PBP) was prepared by dehydration polycondensation of the DOPO-disubstituted 4,4’- biphenyldimethanol compound (BDCA-2DOPO) with phenol in the presence of strong Lewis acid , in which BDCA-2DOPO was prepared by the reaction of DOPO with 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde. The PBP resin has been evaluated as the curing agent of o-cresol epoxy resins. Experimental results indicated that the PBPcured epoxy resins exhibited good thermal stability, high char yields at 700 oC and outstanding flame retardant properties. UL 94 V-0 classifications could be obtained when the phosphorus loading in the epoxy resin is higher than 1.8 wt%.

Synthesis of biobased phosphate flame retardants

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1637-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaël Ménard ◽  
Claire Negrell-Guirao ◽  
Laurent Ferry ◽  
Rodolphe Sonnier ◽  
Ghislain David
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Combustion Flow ◽  
Hydroxy Groups ◽  
Modified Epoxy

Abstract An approach to prepare some biobased flame retardant (FR) compounds is presented. The adopted strategy consists in functionalizing an aromatic biobased phenolic compound, the phloroglucinol, with different phosphate groups in order to promote a charring effect. Different chlorophosphates were grafted onto phloroglucinol hydroxy groups and the functionalization of the hydroxy groups was quantitative. The synthesized biobased FR were incorporated into an epoxy matrix as additive to estimate their flame retardant properties. The influence of different parameters was studied such as the phosphorus content of the thermoset or the nature of the R group of the used phosphate P-O-R. MEB/EDX observations proved the influence of this R group on the compatibility between the FR and the matrix and its importance to obtain homogeneous thermoset. Thermogravimetric analyses of the phosphorus-containing thermosets showed a small decrease in thermal stability accompanied by a char yield almost tripled for a 3 %wP-containing thermoset compared to that of the thermoset without any FR. Pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry was also used to evaluate the flammability of the modified epoxy thermoset. A significant decrease in peak of heat release rate and total heat released was observed compared to thermoset without FR. These results demonstrate the good flame retardant properties of these biobased phosphates in an epoxy matrix. In addition these results show the potential of the biobased phenolic compounds as raw material for flame retardants syntheses.

scholarly journals A phosphorus-containing hyperbranched phthalocyanine flame retardant for epoxy resins

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Penglun Zheng ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Donghui Wang ◽  
Xiaoliang Peng ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Char Layer ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Combustible Gases ◽  
The Stability

AbstractA hyperbranched phosphorus-containing copper phthalocyanine compound (DOPO-CuPc) was successfully synthesized and used as the flame-retardant additive to prepare flame-retarded epoxy thermosets. The addition of DOPO-CuPc led to a significant enhancement of the flame retardant properties of the epoxy resin. The 15DOPO-CuPc/EP composite obtained a LOI value of 35.8%, and the UL-94 rose from NR to V-0 rating. And the addition of DOPO-CuPc resulted in early decomposition of the epoxy thermoset, but the residual char at 700 °C reached 27.7%. The flame retardant mechanism was further investigated. It was found that DOPO-CuPc could release phosphorus-containing radicals and non-combustible gases in the gas phase to exert gas-phase flame retardant activity. In the condensed phase, the epoxy thermoset formed the expanded honeycomb-like char layer during combustion and the presence of copper phthalocyanine contributed to the stability of the char layer.

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