Effects of fiber-surface treatment on the properties of hybrid composites prepared from oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers, glass fibers, and recycled polypropylene

2015 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Remanul Islam ◽  
Arun Gupta ◽  
Makson Rivai ◽  
Mohammad Dalour Hossen Beg ◽  
Md. Forhad Mina
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Fiber Surface Treatment

Characterization of ultrasound-treated oil palm empty fruit bunch-glass fiber-recycled polypropylene hybrid composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad R. Islam ◽  
Makson Rivai ◽  
Arun Gupta ◽  
Mohammad Dalour H. Beg
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene

Abstract Glass fiber (GF) and ultrasound-treated oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) were used to prepare recycled polypropylene (RPP)-based hybrid composites through the extrusion and injection molding technique. The ultrasound technique was used to remove the lignin and other surface impurities from the EFB fiber by varying the treatment conditions (treatment time and temperature). A fixed concentration (10%) of NaOH solution was used as the treatment medium. Fiber loading was considered as 40%, while EFB and GF ratio was maintained as 70:30. Two types of coupling agents of maleic anhydride grafted PP (MAPP), Polybond and Fusabond, were used, each of an amount 2.5% (of the total fiber content), to improve the interfacial adhesion between fibers and matrix. Composites were characterized through density, melt flow index (MFI), tensile, flexural and Izod impact testing. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also performed to evaluate the thermal and morphological properties, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to evaluate the crystalline structure of the samples. Finally, water uptake (WU) measurement was performed for 180 days of soaking period. Result analyses revealed improved mechanical, thermal and crystalline properties, with reduced WU as the outcome of treatment and coupling agent effects.

Effect of Fiber Surface Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid/Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber Biocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Senawi Rosman ◽  
Mohd Alauddin Sakinah ◽  
Mohd Salleh Ruzitah ◽  
Mohammad Shueb. Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Silane Treatment ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Fiber Surface Treatment

Renewable resourced green biocomposites are currently receiving much attention due to their environmental advantages. Therefore, the aim of this research is study the effect of fiber surface treatment on the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposite in order to produce a green biocomposite. Experiments were conducted by surface treatment of empty fruit bunch fiber using two methods, sodium hydroxide and silane. Both treated and untreated fibers were then melt compounded with PLA and mechanical properties of the biocomposite was studied. The results showed that silane treatment improved the reinforced biocomposite mechanical properties such as tensile strength by 33% and flexural modulus by 44% compared with untreated fiber reinforced biocomposites. This is due to the silane functional groups that act as a bridge between the PLA and fiber.

EFFECT OF CELLULOSE FIBER SURFACE TREATMENT TO REPLACE CARBON BLACK IN NATURAL RUBBER HYBRID COMPOSITES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Kazemi ◽  
Frej Mighri ◽  
Keun Wan Park ◽  
Slim Frikha ◽  
Denis Rodrigue
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Hybrid Filler

ABSTRACT In recent years, cellulose fibers have attracted considerable attention as biofillers for natural rubber (NR) composites. However, neat cellulose cannot be used as a substitute for conventional fillers due to its poor compatibility with NR. Therefore, a new surface treatment via maleic anhydride grafted to polyisoprene (MAPI) in solution was developed to improve the filler–matrix interaction. Different contents of carbon black (CB) and cellulose fibers (before and after modification) were used as a hybrid filler system to investigate the possibility of CB substitution in NR composites. First, contact angle, Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were used to confirm the successful cellulose surface treatment. Second, morphological analysis, Payne effect, and swelling behavior of the rubber compounds in toluene confirmed the effect of cellulose treatment on improving the interfacial filler–matrix adhesion. Finally, the results showed that the composite filled with 20 phr modified cellulose and 20 phr CB (50% replacement of CB) exhibited even better results than the composite filled with 40 phr of CB, since the tensile strength was only 7% lower, but the elongation at break, tensile modulus at 100%, and storage modulus at 25 °C were respectively 35%, 24%, and 22% higher.

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