Direct condensation of lactic acid in the presence or absence of supported zirconium sulfate

2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (36) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Marina Raase ◽  
Karl-Heinz Reichert ◽  
Reinhard Schomäcker
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Zirconium Sulfate ◽  
Direct Condensation

Direct condensation polymerization of lactic acid

1999 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Hyun Kim ◽  
Young Ha Kim
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Direct Condensation

scholarly journals Cyclic Oligolactic Acid in Direct Polycondensation PLLA and Its Extraction with Organic Solvent

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichiro Nomura ◽  
Yuta Nakatsuchi ◽  
Ryugo Shinmura ◽  
Sommai Pivsa-Art ◽  
Weraporn Pivsa-Art ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Direct Polycondensation ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Repeat Units ◽  
Molecular Inclusion ◽  
Cyclic Compounds ◽  
Direct Condensation

The contents of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) prepared by direct condensation polymerization without using a catalyst were studied. 1H NMR and mass spectrometry analyses suggested that PLLA contained cyclic oligo(L-lactic acid) (c-OLLA) with 3–20 repeat units. Notably, only c-OLLA was extracted and isolated using hexane or cyclohexane at 4°C; thus the hydrophobicity, topology, and temperature dependence of the solubility of the obtained PLLA enabled the selective extraction of c-OLLA. The effect of cyclic compounds on direct polycondensation and the potential for c-OLLA to form molecular inclusion complexes were also discussed.

Basic Properties of Polylactic Acid Produced by the Direct Condensation Polymerization of Lactic Acid

1995 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 2125-2131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanobu Ajioka ◽  
Katashi Enomoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Suzuki ◽  
Akihiro Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Direct Condensation

Direct Condensation Polymerization of L-Lactic Acid Catalyzed by Distannoxane

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junzo Otera ◽  
Kazuko Kawada ◽  
Toru Yano
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Direct Condensation

Demonstration of Retinal Glycogen with Silver Methenamine

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 564-565
Author(s):  
A. W. Sedar ◽  
G. H. Bresnick
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Müller Cell ◽  
External Limiting Membrane ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Reactive Process ◽  
Inner Limiting Membrane ◽  
Muller Cell ◽  
And Migration

After experimetnal damage to the retina with a variety of procedures Müller cell hypertrophy and migration occurs. According to Kuwabara and others the reactive process in these injuries is evidenced by a marked increase in amount of glycogen in the Müller cells. These cells were considered originally supporting elements with fiber processes extending throughout the retina from inner limiting membrane to external limiting membrane, but are known now to have high lactic acid dehydrogenase activity and the ability to synthesize glycogen. Since the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine technique was shown to demonstrate glycogen at the electron microscope level, it was selected to react with glycogen in the fine processes of the Müller cell that ramify among the neural elements in various layers of the retina and demarcate these cells cytologically. The Rhesus monkey was chosen as an example of a well vascularized retina and the rabbit as an example of a avascular retina to explore the possibilities of the technique.

Factors affecting the ability of dental cements to alter the pH of lactic acid solutions

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1030-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Patel ◽  
H. Tawfik ◽  
Y. Myint ◽  
D. Brocklehurst ◽  
J. W. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Factors Affecting

Poly-L-Lactic Acid Fillers: Tips for Optimizing Use

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
DAMIAN MCNAMARA
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid
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