Increasing the elongation at break of polyhydroxybutyrate biopolymer: Effect of cellulose nanowhiskers on mechanical and thermal properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 3613-3621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia S. de O. Patrício ◽  
Fabiano V. Pereira ◽  
Meriane C. dos Santos ◽  
Patterson P. de Souza ◽  
Juan P. B. Roa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Cellulose Nanowhiskers ◽  
Elongation At Break

scholarly journals Micro and nanocomposites of polybutadienebased polyurethane liners with mineral fillers and nanoclay: thermal and mechanical properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Ross ◽  
Germán Escobar ◽  
Guillermo Sevilla ◽  
Javier Quagliano
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Mineral Fillers

AbstractMicro and nanocomposites of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based polyurethanes (NPU) were obtained using five mineral fillers and Cloisite 20A nanoclay, respectively. Samples were prepared by the reaction of HTPB polyol and toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and the chain was further extended with glyceryl monoricinoleate to produce the final elastomeric polyurethanes. Mechanical and thermal properties were studied, showing that mineral fillers (20%w/w) significantly increased tensile strength, in particular nanoclay (at 5% w/w). When nanoclay-polymer dispersion was modified with a silane and hydantoin-bond promoter, elongation at break was significantly increased with respect to NPU with C20A. Thermal properties measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were not significantly affected in any case. The molecular structure of prepared micro and nanocomposites was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Interaction of fillers with polymer chains is discussed, considering the role of silanes in compatibilization of hydrophilic mineral fillers and hydrophobic polymer. The functionalization of nanoclay with HMDS silane was confirmed using FTIR. Microstructure of NPU with C20A nanoclay was confirmed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).

Effect of aspect ratio, surface modification and compatibilizer on the mechanical and thermal properties of ldpe-mwcnt nanocomposites

e-Polymers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarfraz H. Abbasi ◽  
Abdulhadi A. Al-Juhani ◽  
Anwar Ul-Hamid ◽  
Ibnelwaleed A. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Ldpe Composites

AbstractIn this work, nanocomposites of low density polyethylene (LDPE) / multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared using melt blending. The effects of CNT aspect ratio, CNT loading, CNT chemical modification and the presence of a compatibilizer (maleated polyethylene) on morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of the CNT/LDPE composites were studied. Different MWCNTs were used: long CNT (LCNT); COOH modified CNT (MCNT) and short CNT (SCNT). FE-SEM images of produced nanocomposites show agglomeration of the MWCNTs. Addition of compatibilizer to both LCNT and MCNT nanocomposites improved their dispersion in the LDPE matrix. Yield strength and modulus increased with loading of various MWCNTs. However, ultimate strength, percent elongation and toughness reduced significantly for CNT loadings of 2% CNT and higher. The addition of maleated PE resulted in improvements of Young’s modulus, yield strength and ultimate strength but no impact on elongation at break or toughness. Addition of compatibilizer did not affect the crystallinity of the produced nanocomposites. In general, the use of CNT with high aspect ratio and the addition of compatibilizer and chemical modification improved the dispersion of MWCNTs and consequently improved most of the mechanical properties except elongation at break and toughness.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly(urethane urea) Nanocomposites Prepared with Diamine-Modified Laponite

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe-Lahai Sormana ◽  
Santanu Chattopadhyay ◽  
J. Carson Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Hard Domain ◽  
A Chain

Nanocomposites based on segmented poly(urethane urea) were prepared by reacting a poly(diisocyanate) with diamine-modified Laponite-RD nanoparticles that served as a chain extender. The nanocomposites were prepared at a constantNH2to NCO mole ratio of 0.95, while varying the fraction of diamine-modified Laponite relative to the free diamine chain extender. Compared to neat poly(urethane urea), all nanocomposites showed increased tensile strength and elongation at break. As Laponite loading increased, tensile properties passed through a maximum at a particle concentration of 1 mass%, at which a 300% increase in tensile strength and 40% increase in elongation at break were observed. A maximum in urea and urethane hard-domain melting endotherms was also observed at this Laponite loading. Optimal mechanical and thermal properties coincided with a minimum in the size of the inorganic Laponite phase. Nanocomposites containing diamine-modified Laponite had higher tensile strengths than those with nonreactive monoamine-modified Laponite or diamine-modified Cloisite.

Natural Rubber-Whisker Alumina Fiber Composite Materials for Mechanical and Thermal Insulation Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Nattapol Dedruktip ◽  
Wasan Leelawanachai ◽  
Nuchnapa Tangboriboon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Alumina Fiber ◽  
Elongation At Break

Alumina fiber is a ceramic material used as a dispersed phase or filler to reinforce the mechanical and improve thermal properties of natural rubber via vulcanization process at curing temperature 150°C. The amount of alumina fiber added in natural rubber was varied from 0 to 50 phr on 100 phr of natural rubber in a sulfur curing system. Adding 10 phr alumina fiber affects to obtain the best natural rubber composite samples having good mechanical and thermal properties. Tensile strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity of adding 10 phr whisker alumina fiber encoded NR-Al-10 are equal to 14.38±1.95 MPa, 1038.4±41.45%, 545.63±25.67 MPa and 0.2376±0.0003 W/m.K, respectively, better than those of pure natural rubber compounds without adding alumina fiber. Tensile strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity of natural rubber without adding alumina fiber are equal to 14.06±6.03 MPa, 949.41±52.15%, 496.32±8.54 MPa and 0.2500±0.0003 W/m.K, respectively.

Preparation and Properties of Nanocomposites Consist of Carbon Black N220 and Epoxy Resin

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 820-823
Author(s):  
Jian Jiao ◽  
Pan Bo Liu ◽  
Liang Zou ◽  
Guang Li Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Tensile Fracture Surface ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Different Content

The nanometer carbon black (CB) N220 of different content was employed to prepare carbon black N220/epoxy resin (CB N220/EP) composites by filling-mixing method. The structure of CB N220 and its dispersion in epoxy resin were analyzed by TEM and tensile fracture surface of the composites was analyzed by SEM. Experimental results showed that CB N220 was dispersed in epoxy resin homogenously in the form of CB particles and it formed a good interface with epoxy resin in the presence of coupling agent (KH-550). Using of CB N220 enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites, for tensile strength, elongation at break, impact strength and flexural strength of the composites filled with 2 wt% CB N220 reached a maximum values( 82Mpa、3％、20 KJ•m-2、107Mpa), a rise of 32.3％、39.6％、88.7％、10.3％, respectively, compared to pristine epoxy resin.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF STARCH-GLYCEROL CONCENTRATION RATIO ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF CASSAVA STARCH-BASED BIOPLASTICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah ◽  
Oceu Dwi Putri ◽  
Winda Windi Sugandi
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Elongation At Break

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different starch-glycerol concentration ratio on mechanical and thermal properties of cassava starch bioplastics. Bioplastics were prepared by mixing starch with glycerol at different starch-glycerol w/w ratio (2.5:1, 2.75:1, 3:1 and 3.5:1). Mechanical properties was evaluated by measuring tensile strength and elongation at break where thermal properties was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tm) and melting enthalpy (ΔHm) of bioplastics. Microstructure and chemical interactions in bioplastics were evaluated by SEM and FTIR. The surface hydrophobicity was determined by measuring the water contact angle. The increase of starch-glycerol concentration in bioplastics formed rough surface where the interaction of glycerol and starch molecules mainly occurred through hydrogen bonds. It also formed stronger and more rigid structure with the increase in tensile strength from 1.90 MPa to 2.47 MPa and the decrease in elongation at break from 8.55% to 5.92%. Furthermore, the increase of starch-glycerol concentration increased Tg from 37.5 ºC to 38.6 ºC, Tm from 96.3 ºC to 120.7 ºC and ΔHm from 100.4 J/g to 155 J/g. Moreover, surface contact angle of bioplastics was increased from 40.6º to 60.2º with the increase of starch-glycerol concentration ratio.

scholarly journals Mechanical and thermal properties of bacterial-cellulose-fibre-reinforced Mater-Bi® bionanocomposite

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamonangan Nainggolan ◽  
Saharman Gea ◽  
Emiliano Bilotti ◽  
Ton Peijs ◽  
Sabar D Hutagalung
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cellulose Fibre ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Twin Screw

The effects of the addition of fibres of bacterial cellulose (FBC) to commercial starch of Mater-Bi® have been investigated. FBC produced by cultivating Acetobacter xylinum for 21 days in glucose-based medium were purified by sodium hydroxide 2.5 wt % and sodium hypochlorite 2.5 wt % overnight, consecutively. To obtain water-free BC nanofibres, the pellicles were freeze dried at a pressure of 130 mbar at a cooling rate of 10 °C min−1. Both Mater-Bi and FBC were blended by using a mini twin-screw extruder at 160 °C for 10 min at a rotor speed of 50 rpm. Tensile tests were performed according to ASTM D638 to measure the Young’s modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break. A field emission scanning electron microscope was used to observe the morphology at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV. The crystallinity (T c) and melting temperature (T m) were measured by DSC. Results showed a significant improvement in mechanical and thermal properties in accordance with the addition of FBC into Mater-Bi. FBC is easily incorporated in Mater-Bi matrix and produces homogeneous Mater-Bi/FBC composite. The crystallinity of the Mater-Bi/FBC composites decrease in relation to the increase in the volume fraction of FBC.

Comparison between Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid and Natural Rubber Blend Using Calcium Carbonate and Vetiver Grass Fiber as Fillers

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punmanee Juntuek ◽  
Chaiwat Ruksakulpiwat ◽  
Pranee Chumsamrong ◽  
Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Elongation At Break

From our previous study, natural rubber (NR) was used to improve toughness of poly (lactic acid) (PLA). Impact strength and elongation at break of PLA was increased when adding NR. Moreover, by using NR-g-GMA as compatibilizer for PLA and NR blend, impact strength and elongation at break was improved. However, tensile strength and modulus of PLA/NR blend with and without NR-g-GMA were decreased. In this study, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and vetiver grass fiber were used as fillers in PLA/NR blend. With the addition of CaCO3 into PLA/NR blend with NR-g-GMA, impact strength and modulus of the composite were further increased with a loss in tensile strength. In contrast, the addition of vetiver grass fiber into PLA/NR blend with NR-g-GMA led to an increase in tensile strength and modulus and a decrease in impact strength and elongation at break. The onset degradation temperatures of PLA composites were lower than that of PLA and PLA/NR blend.

Study on the Properties of DSM SOMOS 11120 Type Photosensitive Resin for Stereolithography Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 194-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bi Wu Huang ◽  
Zi Xiang Weng ◽  
Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Photosensitive Resin

DSM SOMOS 11120 type photosensitive resin possessed the biggest consumption for the stereolithography fabricated parts. Therefore the further research on DSM SOMOS 11120 type photosensitive resin was very meaningful and valuable. In the paper, DSM SOMOS 11120 type photosensitive resin was characterized by infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, showing the presence of epoxy and acrylic functional groups. The viscosity of the 11120 type photosensitive resin were also determined, indicating that the viscosity at 30°C was 260mPa.s. Meanwhile, the mechanical and thermal properties of its UV-cured specimens were evaluated, testing that the tensile strength was 50.8MPa, the tensile modulus was 2659MPa, the elongation at break was 11.3%, and the glass transistion temperature was 49°C.

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