SPES-SiO2 hybrid proton exchange membranes from in situ sol-gel process of negatively charged alkoxysilane

2011 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiming Wu ◽  
Xinle Xiao ◽  
Wenchang Xiao ◽  
Yonghui Wu ◽  
Peng Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Sol Gel Process

Methods for modifying proton exchange membranes using the sol–gel process

Polymer ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 4504-4509 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Klein ◽  
Y. Daiko ◽  
M. Aparicio ◽  
F. Damay
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Sol Gel Process

Sol-Gel Process for Proton Exchange Membranes

2008 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa C. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The sol-gel process has been used to modify the electrolyte membrane used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). Recent progress is reported in the synthesis of hybrid membranes involving Nafion®. These membranes have been prepared by infiltration and recasting, and contain silicates, phosphosilicates, zirconium phosphosilicates, titanosilicates, or phosphotungstates.

Synthesis and Intermolecularly Mediated Assembly of Organic Pigment in Hybrid Coating Films

1998 ◽  
Vol 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yan ◽  
Z. Duan ◽  
D.-G. Chen ◽  
S. Ray Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hybrid Coating ◽  
Hypsochromic Shift ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Organic Pigment ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Sol Gel Process

AbstractThe insoluble, strongly hydrogen bonded organic pigment of 3,6-bis-(4-chlorphenyl)-l,4- diketopyrrolo [3,4-c] pyrrole was transiently blocked by adding carbamate groups, and consequently incorporated into organic-inorganic hybrid matrices by a sol-gel process. The homo- (pigment-pigment) and hetero-intermolecular (pigment-matrix) interactions were found to control both the assembly and dispersion of pigment molecules in the hybrid coating films. A weaker interaction between matrices and pigment molecules results in aggregation of the carbamate pigment in the methyl-silicate films. A stronger interaction forms a homogenous dispersion and coloration of the phenyl-silicate films. The as-prepared methyl- and phenylsilicate films doped with the organic pigment were distinguished by a morphology change and a blue (hypsochromic) shift in absorption from 550 to 460 nm. Thermal treatment can remove the carbamate groups and in-situ form the organic pigment in the hybrid films.

Preparation of the polymerizable titania oriented to 3D printing and the laser-induced crystallization

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1421-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Liu ◽  
Shaoai Xie ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jianjun Yu ◽  
Qinghua Meng
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Additives ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Photosensitive Resin ◽  
Induced Crystallization

PurposeThe titania (titanium dioxide) is one of the important functional additives in the photosensitive resin and encounters the problem of stabilization in the photosensitive resin for 3D printing. This study aims to achieve enhancement in stabilization by preparation of the polymerizable titania andin situlaser-induced crystallization during 3D printing.Design/methodology/approachA type of polymerizable titania (AAEM@TiO2) was designed and prepared from tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) and 2-(acetoacetoxy)ethyl methacrylate (AAEM) via the sol–gel process, which was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectra, surface bonding efficiency (SBE) and settling height (H). AAEM acted on both bonding to the titania and polymerization with the monomer in resin for stabilization. The polymerizable titania could be converted to the pigmented titania by means of laser-induced crystallization. The photosensitive resin was then formulated on the basis of optimization and used in a stereolithography apparatus (SLA) for 3D printing.FindingsThe stabilization effect of AAEM on TiO2was achieved and the mechanism of competition in the light-consuming reactions during photocuring was proposed. The ratio of nAAEM/nTBTin AAEM@TiO2, the concentration of AAEM@TiO2and photoinitiator (PI) used in the photosensitive resin were optimized. The anatase crystal form was indicated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and clustering of nanocrystals was revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after SLA 3D printing.Originality/valueThis investigation provides a novel method of pigmentation by preparation of the polymerizable titania andin situlaser-induced crystallization for SLA 3D printing.

Epoxy resin modified with in situ generated metal oxides by means of sol-gel process

2011 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 1792-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Bondioli ◽  
Maria Elena Darecchio ◽  
Adrian S. Luyt ◽  
Massimo Messori
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Sol Gel Process

All methacrylate block copolymer/TiO2 nanocomposite via ATRP and in-situ sol-gel process

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 100728
Author(s):  
Minoj Gnanaseelan ◽  
Uddhab Kalita ◽  
Andreas Janke ◽  
Jürgen Pionteck ◽  
Brigitte Voit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Sol Gel Process
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