High-performance bio-based thermosetting resins composed of dehydrated castor oil and bismaleimide

2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 1033-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichi Hirayama ◽  
Tomomi Irie ◽  
Naozumi Teramoto ◽  
Mitsuhiro Shibata
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thermosetting Resins

Comparative Study of Physico-Chemical Properties of Pure Polyurethane and Polyurethane Based on Castor Oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
M. A. Alaa ◽  
Kamal Yusoh ◽  
S.F. Hasany
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Hydrophobic Nature ◽  
Poly Propylene

Petroleum based polyurethanes are contributing major portions in the world requirement. To overcome the environmental issues and price adaptability, there is always a massive demand of utilization of renewable resources for polyurethane synthesis with comparable physico-chemical properties. Castor oil is the only major natural vegetable oil that contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) and unsaturated double bonds (C=C) in its organic chain and therefore can be employed with or without modification due to the excellent properties derived from the hydrophobic nature of triglycerides. In this study, physico-chemical properties of high performance polyurethane synthesized from Poly propylene glycol (PPG) in comparison with a combination of PPG and Castor oil (a renewable source), by in situ polymerization technique has been studied. The variations in properties of both types of polyurethanes are evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis technique (TGA). Tensile strength properties were investigated by Film Tensile testing equipment. Results indicated the presence of large-CH stretching in castor oil mixed polyurethane with a larger oxidative thermal stability, over a pure PPG polyurethanes. Tensile properties were found almost comparable in pure and mixed polymers, which signify the usage of mixed polymer in coming future, to overcome the environmental and economical crisis in polyurethanes synthesis.

PREPARATION OF CHAIN EXTENDED POLYURETHANE AND ITS COMPOSITES BASED ON CASTOR OIL AND COIR FIBER

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
A. Malar Retna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Percentage Elongation ◽  
Polyurethane Composites ◽  
Performance Character ◽  
Scanning Electron

The chain extended polyurethane was synthesized by reacting castor oil based polyol with 4,4’-methylenebis(cyclohexyl) isocyanate and chain extender such as malonic acid. The composites have been fabricated by incorporating the coir fiber into the neat polyurethane. The polyurethane and its composites were characterized with respect to their mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, percentage elongation and Young’s modulus. The morphology of neat polyurethane and its composites with coir fiber was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM). These studies revealed the high performance character of the polyurethane composites with respect to the corresponding neat polyurethane.

The Effect of Oxygen Plasma on Some Experimental Polymers Containing Silicon and Phosphorus

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Connell ◽  
J.G. Smith ◽  
P.M. Hergenrother
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Atomic Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Plasma ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Flame Resistance ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Thermosetting Resins ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Arylene Ether

As part of a NASA program on high performance polymers for space applications, polymers containing silicon and phosphorus were prepared, characterized and exposed to an oxygen plasma under vacuum. Thin films of polyimides containing pendent siloxane groups, thermosetting resins contain ing silicon and poly(arylene ether)s containing phenylphosphine oxide were ex posed to a radio frequency generated oxygen plasma to assess their stability. The weight loss of the films was monitored as a function of exposure time and compared with that of Ultem® and Kapton® polyimide films of the same thick ness exposed under identical conditions. All of the experimental materials ex hibited better weight retention than either of the commercial polyimides. The thermosetting resins containing silicon and poly(arylene ether)s containing phosphine oxide exhibited only minor weight loss (0-5%) compared to that ex hibited by Ultem® (75-100%) and Kapton® (35-82%). Organic polymers con taining silicon are known to form silicates and silicon dioxide when exposed to atomic oxygen providing an in situ protective coating. Likewise, polymers con taining phosphorus have been shown to form an inorganic phosphate surface layer which subsequently provides protection from further oxidation. The same inherent characteristics that provide the polymers with atomic oxygen resis tance (i.e., high oxidation state or inorganic oxide formation) may also impart fire resistance. Materials containing phosphorus are known to exhibit good flame resistance. The chemistry, properties, limiting oxygen index and oxygen plasma resistance of these materials will be discussed.

Synthesis of Biodiesel Using Castor Oil under Microwave Radiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Bolun Yang ◽  
Hailiang Zhang ◽  
Xiaowei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radiation Power ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Heterogeneous Base Catalyst ◽  
Heterogeneous Base

The castor oil was adopted to synthesize biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, FAME) under microwave radiation. Acid catalysts (NaHSO4•H2O and AlCl3) and heterogeneous base catalyst (Na2CO3) were evaluated in the present study. The amounts of FAME in the product were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Experimental results show that the microwave radiation was an efficient method to enhance the reaction process. When the transesterification was carried out at 338 K, with 18:1 molar ratio of methanol to castor oil, 7.5wt% mass ratio of catalyst to castor oil, 200w microwave radiation power and 120 minutes reaction time, yields of 74, 73, 90% were obtained respectively using catalysts of NaHSO4•H2O, AlCl3 and Na2CO3. The energy consumed by microwave heating and conventional heating in transesterification were measured, and the results showed that the microwave heating consumed less energy than the conventional heating to achieve the same amount of FAME.

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