Discrimination of the roles of crosslinking density and morphology in the swelling behavior of crosslinked polymers: Poly(N-vinylimidazole) hydrogels

2009 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 1579-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel E. Pacios ◽  
Inés F. Piérola
Keyword(s):  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Swelling Behavior ◽  
Crosslinked Polymers

scholarly journals Crosslinker-Based Regulation of Swelling Behavior of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Gels in a Post-Polymerization Crosslinking System

Gels ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Shohei Ida ◽  
Akimitsu Katsurada ◽  
Mitsuhiro Tsujio ◽  
Motoharu Nakamura ◽  
Yoshitsugu Hirokawa
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Polymer Gels ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Swelling Behavior ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Gel Properties ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Fundamental Understanding

A fundamental understanding of the effect of a crosslinker on gel properties is important for the design of novel soft materials because a crosslinking is a key component of polymer gels. We focused on post-polymerization crosslinking (PPC) system utilizing activated ester chemistry, which is a powerful tool due to structural diversity of diamine crosslinkers and less susceptibility to solvent effect compared to conventional divinyl crosslinking system, to systematically evaluate the crosslinker effect on the gel properties. A variety of alkyldiamine crosslinkers was employed for the synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) gels and it was clarified that the length of alkyl chains of diamine crosslinkers strongly affected the gelation reaction and the swelling behavior. The longer crosslinker induced faster gelation and decreased the swelling degree and the response temperature in water, while the crosslinking density did not significantly change. In addition, we were able to modify the polymer chains in parallel with crosslinking by using a monoamine modifier along with a diamine crosslinker. This simultaneous chain modification during crosslinking (SMC) was demonstrated to be useful for the regulation of the crosslinking density and the swelling behavior of PNIPAAm gels.

scholarly journals Diels-Alder-based thermo-reversibly crosslinked polymers: Interplay of crosslinking density, network mobility, kinetics and stereoisomerism

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 109882
Author(s):  
Felipe Orozco ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Unwana Ezekiel ◽  
Zafarjon Niyazov ◽  
Lauren Floyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Network Mobility ◽  
Crosslinked Polymers

Swelling behavior and viscoelastic properties of a polyacetal hydrogel

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-395
Author(s):  
Hayet Bendaikha ◽  
Saliha Chaoui ◽  
Seghier Ould Khada ◽  
Abdelghani Krallafa
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Swelling Behavior

scholarly journals Meso/Microporous Carbons from Conjugated Hyper-Crosslinked Polymers Based on Tetraphenylethene for High-Performance CO2 Capture and Supercapacitor

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gamal Mohamed ◽  
Mahmoud M. M. Ahmed ◽  
Wei-Ting Du ◽  
Shiao-Wei Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Crosslinked Polymers ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials

In this study, we successfully synthesized two types of meso/microporous carbon materials through the carbonization and potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation for two different kinds of hyper-crosslinked polymers of TPE-CPOP1 and TPE-CPOP2, which were synthesized by using Friedel–Crafts reaction of tetraphenylethene (TPE) monomer with or without cyanuric chloride in the presence of AlCl3 as a catalyst. The resultant porous carbon materials exhibited the high specific area (up to 1100 m2 g−1), total pore volume, good thermal stability, and amorphous character based on thermogravimetric (TGA), N2 adsoprtion/desorption, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analyses. The as-prepared TPE-CPOP1 after thermal treatment at 800 °C (TPE-CPOP1-800) displayed excellent CO2 uptake performance (1.74 mmol g−1 at 298 K and 3.19 mmol g−1 at 273 K). Furthermore, this material possesses a high specific capacitance of 453 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1 comparable to others porous carbon materials with excellent columbic efficiencies for 10,000 cycle at 20 A g−1.

scholarly journals Characterization of swelling behavior of carbon nano-filler modified polydimethylsiloxane composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 009524432110061
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Balakrishnan Nagarajan ◽  
Pierre Mertiny
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Swelling Behavior ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Carbon Based

Polymers may absorb fluids from their surroundings via the natural phenomenon of swelling. Dimensional changes due to swelling can affect the function of polymer components, such as in the case of seals, microfluidic components and electromechanical sensors. An understanding of the swelling behavior of polymers and means for controlling it can improve the design of polymer components, for example, for the previously mentioned applications. Carbon-based fillers have risen in popularity to be used for the property enhancement of resulting polymer composites. The present investigation focuses on the effects of three carbon-based nano-fillers (graphene nano-platelets, carbon black, and graphene nano-scrolls) on the dimensional changes of polydimethylsiloxane composites due to swelling when immersed in certain organic solvents. For this study, a facile and expedient methodology comprised of optical measurements in conjunction with digital image analysis was developed as the primary experimental technique to quantify swelling dimensional changes of the prepared composites. Other experimental techniques assessed polymer cross-linking densities and elastic mechanical properties of the various materials. The study revealed that the addition of certain carbon-based nano-fillers increased the overall swelling of the composites. The extent of swelling further depended on the organic solvent in which the composites were immersed in. Experimental findings are contrasted with published models for swelling prediction, and the role of filler morphology on swelling behavior is discussed.

scholarly journals Structures and impact strength variation of chemically crosslinked high-density polyethylene: effect of crosslinking density

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 6791-6797
Author(s):  
Yueqing Ren ◽  
Xiaojie Sun ◽  
Lanlan Chen ◽  
Yafei Li ◽  
Miaomiao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Strength Variation

Crosslinking significantly improves the toughness and impact strength of HDPE and extends its application, especially at low temperature.

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