ATR-UV monitoring of methyl methacrylate miniemulsion polymerization for determination of monomer conversion

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1471-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-S. Chai ◽  
F. J. Schork ◽  
E. M. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Monomer Conversion

scholarly journals Method Validation for Progesterone Determination in Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanoparticles Synthesized via Miniemulsion Polymerization

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odinei Fogolari ◽  
Arlindo Cristiano Felippe ◽  
Fernanda Vitória Leimann ◽  
Odinei Hess Gonçalves ◽  
Claudia Sayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Release Device ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Exogenous Progesterone

Exogenous progesterone has several applications in human health and in veterinary medicine, especially in fixed-time artificial insemination protocol. Progesterone nanoencapsulation in biocompatible polymers, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), is an alternative to substitute silicone-based release device traditionally used for estrus control. Progesterone concentration inside the nanoparticles must be precisely known; for that reason, a validation methodology must be applied to ensure reliable results, suitable for nanoparticles application. In this work, an UV-Vis spectrophotometric method was validated for the determination of progesterone in PMMA nanoparticles synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization. Chloroform was used as solvent, showing selectivity to the encapsulated drug and the components of the polymeric matrix did not influence progesterone recovery. Detection and quantitation limits (DL and QL) obtained were 0.32 and 0.96 mg·L−1, respectively, and precision tests (between different analysts and equipment) indicated acceptable Relative Standard Deviations (RSD < 5%). Miniemulsion polymerization reactions were carried out producing two different morphologies: nanospheres (NS) and nanocapsules (NC), with average intensity diameters (Dz) of 150–200 nm and 240–300 nm, respectively. Polymerization gravimetric conversions obtained for both cases were higher than 95% and encapsulation efficiencies greater than 69% and 90% for the nanospheres and nanocapsules, respectively.

The Kinetics of Methyl Methacrylate Miniemulsion Polymerization Characterized through a Fluorescence Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 609-612
Author(s):  
Hai Ke Feng ◽  
Hua Yu Qiu ◽  
Li Yuan Ding ◽  
Cun Jin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Fluorescence Method ◽  
Real Time Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Kinetics Of

In this paper, we followed the kinetics of methyl methacrylate (MMA) through a novel fluorescence method. The real-time measurement results show that in the regime of very low monomer contents, such as a solution containing 0.1 wt% of MMA with respect to water and with the anionic surfactant of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), the kinetic of the miniemulsion could be followed by this embed fluorescence method. The processes of changing from emulsion to miniemulsion with different amount of surfactant and cosurfactant also have been monitored.

Methyl methacrylate polymerization involving a cobalt ortho-iminobenzosemiquinone complex: Determination of the chain transfer constant

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Kolyakina ◽  
Yu. E. Ovchinnikova ◽  
I. D. Grishin ◽  
A. I. Poddel’skii ◽  
D. F. Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Transfer Constant ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer Constant

scholarly journals Optimal Control of Non-Isothermal, Batch Polymerization of Methacrylates with Specified Time, Monomer Conversion, and Average Molecular Weights

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baranitharan Sanmuga Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Optimal Control ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Monomer Conversion ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Solution Polymerization ◽  
Polymer Molecular Weight

Optimal control policies are determined for the free radical polymerization of three different polymerization processes, in a non-isothermal batch reactor as follows: (1) bulk polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate; (2) solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate with monofunctional initiator; (3) solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate with bifunctional initiator. Four different optimal control objectives are realized for the above three processes. The objectives are: (i) maximization of monomer conversion in a specified operation time, (ii) minimization of operation time for a specified, final monomer conversation, (iii) maximization of monomer conversion for a specified, final number average polymer molecular weight, and (iv) maximization of monomer conversion for a specified, final weight average polymer molecular weight. The realization of these objectives is expected to be very useful for the batch production of polymers. To realize the above four different optimal control objectives, a genetic algorithms-based optimal control method is applied, and the temperature of heat exchange fluid inside reactor jacket is used as a control function. Necessary equations are provided in the above three processes to suitably transform the process model in the range of a specified variable other than time, and to evaluate the elements of Jacobian to help in the accurate solution of the process model. The results of this optimal control application reveal considerable improvements in the performance of the batch polymerization processes.

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