Polymerization of butadiene in toluene with nickel(II) stearate–diethyl aluminum chloride catalyst. II. Kinetic study

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 653-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Ho Lee ◽  
C. C. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Chloride Catalyst

Catalytic degradation of polystyrene in the presence of aluminum chloride catalyst

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidesaburo Nanbu ◽  
Yoshimasa Sakuma ◽  
Yumiko Ishihara ◽  
Tomoyuki Takesue ◽  
Tadashi Ikemura
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Catalytic Degradation ◽  
Chloride Catalyst

scholarly journals Ring Formation of Propylene by Evaporated Aluminum Chloride Catalyst

1964 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 819-823,A64
Author(s):  
Toshinobu IMANAKA ◽  
Keiichi KISHIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Ring Formation ◽  
Chloride Catalyst

Electronic Spectra of Carbonium Ions by Internal Reflection Spectroscopy

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grady L. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Electronic Spectra ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Reaction Intermediates ◽  
Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbonium Ions ◽  
Chloride Catalyst ◽  
Internal Reflection Spectroscopy

Problems are frequently encountered in using conventional transmission spectrophotometry for obtaining the electronic spectra of unstable reaction intermediates such as carbonium ions. Hence, an investigation of the use of internal reflection spectroscopy (IRS) was conducted. A comparison was made of the transmission and internal reflection spectra of triphenyl carbonium and methylbenzenonium ions. The internal reflection technique was also used to obtain the spectrum of organic ions formed by the reaction of ethylbenzene with aluminum chloride and hydrogen chloride. The reaction of ethylbenzene with methylene chloride in the presence of aluminum chloride—hydrogen chloride catalyst was followed by IRS. The results showed that IRS is a valuable technique for investigating certain unstable reaction intermediates.

Butyl rubber slurry formation: Cold-stage SEM study

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 880-881
Author(s):  
L. L. Ban ◽  
K. W. Powers ◽  
H-C Wang
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Methyl Chloride ◽  
Butyl Rubber ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Electrostatic Repulsion ◽  
Entropic Repulsion ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Chloride Catalyst

Poly(isobutylene-co-isoprene) or butyl rubber was invented in 1937 and has been used in many technologically important applications during the ensuing years. Its physical properties such as air-retention encouraged its uses in tire inner tubes, and played an important part in the tubeless tire development. The halogenated derivative is now predominantly used in tubeless radial tires.Butyl rubber is made by a slurry polymerization process with aluminum chloride catalyst at -95°C in methyl chloride diluent. Typical reactor runs only last from 18-60 hours because of fouling of the reactor. Fouling and agglomeration occur because only weak electrostatic repulsion forces exist, but recent patents describe the use of block copolymer stabilizer agents which create steric (entropic) repulsion forces between slurry polymer particles and preventTo better understand the mechanism of reactor fouling, a method was developed to collect samples from within the reactor.

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