Kinetics of the thermal degradation and thermal stability of conductive silicone rubber filled with conductive carbon black

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1548-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Shengyu Feng ◽  
Qingyu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Conductive Carbon Black ◽  
Conductive Silicone Rubber ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Thermal Stability and Kinetics of the Thermal Degradation of Thermal Conductive Silicone Rubber Filled with Al2O3 and ZnO

2018 ◽  
Vol 926 ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu Hong Mu ◽  
Dan Peng ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Jin Hui Li ◽  
Shuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Conductive Silicone Rubber ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The kinetics of the thermal degradation and thermal stability of thermal conductive silicone rubber filled with Al2O3 and ZnO were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis in a flowing nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10°C/min. The rate parameters were evaluated by the method of Freeman–Carroll. The results show that the thermal degradation of silicone rubber begins at about 350°C and ends at about 600°C. The thermal degradation is multistage, in which zero-order reactions are principal. The kinetics of the thermal degradation of thermal conductive silicone rubber has relevance to its loading of thermal conductive filler. The activation energies are temperature-sensitive and their sensitivity to temperature becomes weak as temperature increases.

scholarly journals Development of Novel Silica-Based Formulation of α-Lipoic Acid: Evaluation of Photo and Thermal Stability of the Encapsulated Drug

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Dolinina ◽  
Elizaveta Yu. Akimsheva ◽  
Elena V. Parfenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Silica Matrix ◽  
Matrix Modification ◽  
Drug Stabilization ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Powerful antioxidant α-lipoic acid (LA) is easily degraded under light and heating. This creates difficulties in its manufacture, storage and reduces efficiency and safety of the drug. The purpose of this work was to synthesize novel silica-based composites of LA and evaluate their ability to increase photo and thermal stability of the drug. It was assumed that the drug stabilization can be achieved due to LA-silica interactions. Therefore, the composites of LA with unmodified and organomodified silica matrixes were synthesized by sol-gel method at the synthesis pH below or above the pKa of the drug. The effects of silica matrix modification and the synthesis pH on the LA-silica interactions and kinetics of photo and thermal degradation of LA in the composites were studied. The nature of the interactions was revealed by FTIR spectroscopy. It was found that the rate of thermal degradation of the drug in the composites was significantly lower compared to free LA and mainly determined by the LA-silica interactions. However, photodegradation of LA in the composites under UV irradiation was either close to that for free drug or significantly more rapid. It was shown that kinetics of photodegradation was independent of the interactions and likely determined by physical properties of surface of the composite particles (porosity and reflectivity). The most promising composites for further development of novel silica-based formulations were identified.

scholarly journals How the Crosslinking Agent Influences the Thermal Stability of RTV Phenyl Silicone Rubber

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen He ◽  
Boqian Li ◽  
Ying Ren ◽  
Wu Lu ◽  
Yibing Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Mass Spectrum ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Tg Analysis ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Thermal Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Crosslinking Agents

In this work, a thermal degradation mechanism of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) phenyl silicone rubber that was vulcanized by different crosslinking agents was discussed. Firstly, RTV phenyl silicone rubber samples were prepared by curing hydroxyl-terminated polymethyldiphenylsiloxane via three crosslinking agents, namely, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), tetrapropoxysilane (TPOS), and polysilazane. Secondly, the ablation properties of RTV phenyl silicone rubber were studied by the muffle roaster test and FT-IR. Thirdly, thermal stability of the three samples was studied by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Finally, to explore the thermal degradation mechanism, the RTV phenyl silicone rubber vulcanized by different crosslinking agents were characterized by TG analysis-mass spectrum (TG-MS) and pyrolysis gas chromatogram-mass spectrum (pyGC-MS). Results showed that the thermal stability of RTV phenyl silicone rubber is related to the amount of residual Si–OH groups. The residual Si–OH groups initiated the polysiloxane chain degradation via an ‘unzipping’ mechanism.

Research on Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Polyphenylene Sulfide Filter Media

2013 ◽  
Vol 300-301 ◽  
pp. 1171-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Qiang Chang ◽  
Jing Xian Liu ◽  
Ning Mao ◽  
Bao Zhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Polyphenylene Sulfide ◽  
Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In order to study the thermal stability of PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) filter media, by means of thermogravimetry(TG), thermal degradation kinetics behavior of two kinds of PPS filter media were analyzed. The kinetic parameters of PPS filter media were obtained according to Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method. Thermal stability of PPS filter media was discussed. It was found that the initial decomposition temperature and activation energy of N3 sample are all higher than B1 sample, the thermal stability of N3 sample is better than B1 sample, and kinetic analysis can be used as an important method to evaluate the thermal stability of filter media.

Thermal Properties and Thermal Degradation Kinetics of Polypropylene/ Organomodified Ni-Al Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) Nanocomposites Prepared by Melt Intercalation Technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaberi Kakati ◽  
Aditya Prakash ◽  
G. Pugazhenthi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Melt Intercalation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The objective of this work is to investigate the influence of LDH loading on the thermal stability and thermal degradation kinetics of the PP/Ni-Al LDH nanocomposites using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and to compare the results with that of the neat PP. For this, Ni-Al LDH was first prepared by co-precipitation method at constant pH using their nitrate salts and subsequently organically modified using sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) by regeneration method. A series of novel PP/Ni-Al LDH nanocomposites was then prepared with various amounts of LDH by melt intercalation method. The XRD results confirm the formation of exfoliated PP/LDH nanocomposites. PP/LDH nanocomposites exhibit enhanced thermal stability relative to the neat PP due to the presence of barrier effect of LDH lamellar layers and the thermal stability of the nanocomposites also increases with increase in the LDH loading. When 10% weight loss is selected as a point of comparison, the decomposition temperature of PP/LDH (5 wt %) nanocomposite is 15 oC higher than that of neat PP. The thermal degradation activation energy of the nanocomposites is determined via Coats-Redfern method and compared with that of neat PP. The improvement of thermal stability of PP nanocomposites is also confirmed by increasing the activation energies (Ea) and the integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT) compared with neat PP. Criado method is finally used to determine the degradation reaction mechanism of various samples.

The Ordered Phase Formation in Ti-Al-Ga Alloys

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
Shiro Fujishiro ◽  
Harold L. Gegel
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Alpha Titanium ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Ordered-alpha titanium alloys having a DO19 type structure have good potential for high temperature (600°C) applications, due to the thermal stability of the ordered phase and the inherent resistance to recrystallization of these alloys. Five different Ti-Al-Ga alloys consisting of equal atomic percents of aluminum and gallium solute additions up to the stoichiometric composition, Ti3(Al, Ga), were used to study the growth kinetics of the ordered phase and the nature of its interface.The alloys were homogenized in the beta region in a vacuum of about 5×10-7 torr, furnace cooled; reheated in air to 50°C below the alpha transus for hot working. The alloys were subsequently acid cleaned, annealed in vacuo, and cold rolled to about. 050 inch prior to additional homogenization

scholarly journals Thermal Degradation Kinetics and Modeling Study of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWP)/Graphene Nanocomposite

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1597
Author(s):  
Iman Jafari ◽  
Mohamadreza Shakiba ◽  
Fatemeh Khosravi ◽  
Seeram Ramakrishna ◽  
Ehsan Abasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

The incorporation of nanofillers such as graphene into polymers has shown significant improvements in mechanical characteristics, thermal stability, and conductivity of resulting polymeric nanocomposites. To this aim, the influence of incorporation of graphene nanosheets into ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) on the thermal behavior and degradation kinetics of UHMWPE/graphene nanocomposites was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that graphene nanosheets were uniformly spread throughout the UHMWPE’s molecular chains. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) data posited that the morphology of dispersed graphene sheets in UHMWPE was exfoliated. Non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies identified a more pronounced increase in melting temperatures and latent heat of fusions in nanocomposites compared to UHMWPE at lower concentrations of graphene. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) revealed that UHMWPE’s thermal stability has been improved via incorporating graphene nanosheets. Further, degradation kinetics of neat polymer and nanocomposites have been modeled using equations such as Friedman, Ozawa–Flynn–Wall (OFW), Kissinger, and Augis and Bennett’s. The "Model-Fitting Method” showed that the auto-catalytic nth-order mechanism provided a highly consistent and appropriate fit to describe the degradation mechanism of UHMWPE and its graphene nanocomposites. In addition, the calculated activation energy (Ea) of thermal degradation was enhanced by an increase in graphene concentration up to 2.1 wt.%, followed by a decrease in higher graphene content.

scholarly journals Isothermal Vulcanization and Non-Isothermal Degradation Kinetics of XNBR/Epoxy/XNBR-g-Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) Nanocomposites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2872
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohamad Reza Paran ◽  
Ghasem Naderi ◽  
Elnaz Movahedifar ◽  
Maryam Jouyandeh ◽  
Krzysztof Formela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
Vulcanization Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The effect of several concentrations of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) functionalized halloysite nanotubes (XHNTs) on the vulcanization and degradation kinetics of XNBR/epoxy compounds were evaluated using experimental and theoretical methods. The isothermal vulcanization kinetics were studied at various temperatures by rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results obtained indicated that the nth order model could not accurately predict the curing performance. However, the autocatalytic approach can be used to estimate the vulcanization reaction mechanism of XNBR/epoxy/XHNTs nanocomposites. The kinetic parameters related to the degradation of XNBR/epoxy/XHNTs nanocomposites were also assessed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA measurements suggested that the grafted nanotubes strongly enhanced the thermal stability of the nanocomposite.

Flammability and Thermal Degradation of Polystyrene/Cadmium Sulfate Nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Zheng Zhou Wang ◽  
Charles A. Wilkie
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Solvothermal Process ◽  
Cadmium Sulfate ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
Microscale Combustion Calorimeter ◽  
Combustion Calorimeter ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Cadmin sulfate nanoparticles, hollow sphere (CdS-HS) and rode (CdS-NR) were synthesized by ultrasonic and solvothermal process, respectively. The effect of the two kinds of nanoparticles on flammability of polystyrene was investigated using cone calorimeter (Cone) and microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC). Cone data indicate that the incorporation of 1% CdS nanoparticles leads to a about 20% reduction in the peak heat release rate (PHRR) compared to the pure PS; CdS-NR is more efficient in reducing the PHRR proved by both Cone and MCC results. The TG results show that the addition of the nanoparticles mainly increases thermal stability of PS at high temepratures.

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