scholarly journals Effect of Chemical Structure of Solid Lipid Matrix on Its Melting Behavior and Volumetric Expansion in Pressurized Carbon Dioxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junsi Yang ◽  
Ozan N. Ciftci
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Melting Behavior ◽  
Lipid Matrix ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Solid Lipid

Optimization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Ezetimibe in Combination with Simvastatin Using Quality by Design (QbD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-418
Author(s):  
Kruti Borderwala ◽  
Ganesh Swain ◽  
Namrata Mange ◽  
Jaimini Gandhi ◽  
Manisha Lalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Lipid Matrix ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
32 Factorial Design ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design

Background: The objective of this study was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of poorly water soluble anti-hyperlipidemic drugs-Ezetimibe in combination with Simvastatin. Methods: This study describes a 32 full factorial experimental design to optimize the formulation of drug loaded lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by the high speed homogenization technique. The independent variables amount of lipid (GMS) and amount of surfactant (Poloxamer 188) were studied at three levels and arranged in a 32 factorial design to study the influence on the response variables- particle size, % entrapment efficiency (%EE) and cumulative drug release (% CDR) at 24 h. Results: The particle size, % EE and % CDR at 24 h for the 9 batches (B1 to B9) showed a wide variation of 104.6-496.6 nm, 47.80-82.05% (Simvastatin); 48.60-84.23% (Ezetimibe) and 54.64-92.27% (Simvastatin); 43.8-97.1% (Ezetimibe), respectively. The responses of the design were analysed using Design Expert 10.0.2. (Stat-Ease, Inc, USA), and the analytical tools of software were used to draw response surface plots. From the statistical analysis of data, polynomial equations were generated. Optimized formulation showed particle size of 169.5 nm, % EE of 75.43% (Simvastatin); 79.10% (Ezetimibe) and 74.13% (Simvastatin); 77.11% (Ezetimibe) %CDR after 24 h. Thermal analysis of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles gave indication of solubilisation of drugs within lipid matrix. Conclusion: Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the absence of new bands for loaded solid lipid nanoparticles indicating no interaction between drugs and lipid matrix and being only dissolved in it. Electron microscope of transmission techniques indicated sphere form of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles with smooth surface with size approximately around 100 nm.

Poly(lactide) Swelling and Melting Behavior in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Post-Venting Porous Material

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2370-2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Fujiwara ◽  
Tetsuji Yamaoka ◽  
Yoshiharu Kimura ◽  
Kenneth J. Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Porous Material ◽  
Melting Behavior ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Paliperidone-loaded spherical solid lipid nanoparticles

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (57) ◽  
pp. 30186-30192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sacheen Kumar ◽  
Jaspreet K. Randhawa
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Matrix ◽  
Solid Lipid

Gelucire® 50/13, a macrogol glyceride, was used as a surfactant for the preparation and stabilization of paliperidone-loaded Capmul® GMS-50K matrix-based solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The homogeneously distributed paliperidone did not affect the crystal structure of the lipid matrix in the SLNs.

scholarly journals Investigation of Growth Rate and Phycocolloid Content from Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae) under Different Light Conditions Using Vibrational Spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vun Yee Thien ◽  
Kenneth Francis Rodrigues ◽  
Clemente Michael Vui Ling Wong ◽  
Wilson Thau Lym Yong
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Profiles

<p><em>Kappa</em>-carrageenan (<em>K</em>-carrageenan) is an important phycocolloid which is a major constituent of the cell wall of <em>Kappaphycus alvarezii</em>. The chemical structure of <em>K</em>-carrageenan comprises a linear backbone of D-galactose residues linked with alternating α-(1,3) and β-(1,4) linkages which are substituted by one ester-sulphonic group per di-galactose repeating unit. The spectral qualities of light as well as the ambient carbon dioxide concentration, both play an important role in the photosynthetic pathway in plants and this investigation set forth to establish the effect of different wavelengths of light and carbon dioxide supplementation on the chemical structure of <em>K</em>-carrageenan obtained from <em>K. alvarezii. </em>Specimens were cultivated under a range of monochromatic light spectra and assessed for chemical composition using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.The <em>K. alvarezii</em> control was irradiated with full light spectrum, treatments were carried out using blue (492-455 nm), green (577-492 nm) and red (780-622 nm)light. One experiment was carried out by supplementation with carbon dioxide. Samples were collected after 14 days. The effect of different wavelengths of light on the growth rates of experimental samples was determined. Red light had the most significant impact on the growth rate of <em>K. alvarezii </em>as compared to those treated with blue light. The FTIR fingerprint of the ground seaweed was found to be identical to that of commercial <em>K</em>-carrageenan (Sigma). Special emphasis was given to the 800-1300 cm<sup>-1 </sup>region, which presents several vibrational modes. All the samples produced similar FTIR spectral profiles, suggesting that genes related to the carrageenan biosynthesis are not affected by different wavelengths of light or CO<sub>2</sub>. The results obtained from FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated that different wavelengths of light and supplementation with CO<sub>2</sub> have no influence to the chemical structure of <em>K</em>-carrageenan in <em>K. alvarezii</em>.</p>

scholarly journals Cocoa Butter Saturated with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Measurements and Modelling of Solubility, Volumetric Expansion, Density and Viscosity

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice Calvignac ◽  
Elisabeth Rodier ◽  
Jean-Jacques Letourneau ◽  
Pedro Miguel Almeida dos Santos ◽  
Jacques Fages
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Viscosity Reduction ◽  
Co2 Solubility ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

The use of supercritical carbon dioxide technology for lipid processing has recently developed at the expense of traditional processes. For designing new processes the knowledge of thermophysical properties is a prerequisite. This work is focused on the characterization of physical and thermodynamic properties of CO2-cocoa butter (CB) saturated mixture. Measurements of density, volumetric expansion, viscosity and CO2 solubility were carried out on CB-rich phase at 313 and 353 K and pressures up to 40 MPa. The experimental techniques have previously been compared and validated. Density measurements of CB and CB saturated with CO2, were performed using the vibrating tube technology at pressures ranging from 0.1 to 25 MPa. Experimental values correlated well with the modified Tait equation. CO2 solubility measurements were coupled to those of density in the same pressures ranges. At 25 MPa, the solubility of CO2 is 31.4 % and 28.7 % at 313 and 353 K. Phase behaviour was investigated using a view cell in order to follow the expansion of the CB-rich phase with the rise in pressure. Volumetric expansion up to 47 % was measured and correlated to the CO2 solubility. Phase inversion was observed at 313 K and 40 MPa. Lastly, we developed an innovative falling ball viscometer for high pressure measurements. Viscosity measurements were carried out up to 25 MPa showing a viscosity reduction up to 90 % upon CO2 dissolution. These results were correlated with two empirical models. A new model here presented, was favourably compared with the Grunberg and Nissan model. All the experimental results are consistent with the available literature data for the CB-CO2 mixture and other fat systems. This work is a new contribution to the characterization of physical and thermodynamic behaviour of fats in contact with CO2 which is necessary to design supercritical fluid processes for fats processing.

Production of Ibuprofen-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Using Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Akbari ◽  
Massoud Amanlou ◽  
Javad Karimi-Sabet ◽  
Abolfazl Golestani ◽  
Mojtaba Shariaty Niassar
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Lipid Matrix ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Supercritical Solution

The purpose of this study was to prepare ibuprofen loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (IBU-SLNs) that is, effective in oral drug delivery. IBU-SLNs were synthesized by co-precipitation of rapid expansion of supercritical solution (CO-RESS). The produced SLNs consisted of stearic acid as lipid matrix. The unprocessed stearic acid, ibuprofen and IBU-SLNs were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). XRD patterns along with DSC showed that ibuprofen was present in both amorphous and crystalline form within lipid matrix. FTIR showed that molecular interactions that could alter the chemical structure of the IBU did not occur. The RESS process could produce ultrafine spherical particles of SLNs with high drug loading capacity. The IBU dissolution profile showed that the formulated SLNs have effectively increased the IBU solubility

Amine-Based Carbon Dioxide Capture: Densities of CO2-Loaded Monoethanolamine Aqueous Solution at 10 to 90 °C

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Sholeh Ma'mun ◽  
Afif Dwijayanto
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Excess Molar Volumes ◽  
Pure Component ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Acid Gas ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Gas Removal ◽  
High Concentrations

The global warming phenomenon has led to world climate change caused by high concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) especially carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is produced in large quantities from fuel combustions, gas sweetening processes, etc. Since its emission rises annually, some efforts to reduce the emission are, therefore, required. Monoethanolamine (MEA), a primary amine, has been widely used for many years for acid gas removal. To get a better column performance, an accurate physical properties measurement, such as density, needs to be conducted. This study aims to measure the densities of 10 wt.% MEA aqueous solutions at temperatures from 10 to 90 °C and CO2 loadings up to 0.417 mol CO2/mol MEA. The results show that the higher the concentration of CO2 the higher the density at a constant temperature, while the densities decrease as temperatures increase due to volumetric expansion. Besides, an expression to correlate the densities of 10 wt.% MEA aqueous solutions was also developed based on the pure-component molar volumes together with the excess molar volumes. The average error of the measurement was found to be 0.18%.

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