scholarly journals Direct Time-Domain Observation of Conformational Relaxation in Gas-Phase Cold Collisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (16) ◽  
pp. 4957-4961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett K. Drayna ◽  
Christian Hallas ◽  
Kenneth Wang ◽  
Sergio R. Domingos ◽  
Sandra Eibenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Cold Collisions ◽  
Conformational Relaxation

scholarly journals Direct Time-Domain Observation of Conformational Relaxation in Gas-Phase Cold Collisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (16) ◽  
pp. 5041-5045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett K. Drayna ◽  
Christian Hallas ◽  
Kenneth Wang ◽  
Sergio R. Domingos ◽  
Sandra Eibenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Cold Collisions ◽  
Conformational Relaxation

99 Semesters of Chemistry - A Personal Retrospective on the Molecular State Approach by Preparative Chemists

1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Bock
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Electron Distribution ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Molecular State ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Dynamic Relaxation ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Microscopic Reaction

Molecular states are the real building blocks of the chemist, because the structure of a molecule can change considerably as its energy and thus its electron distribution varies within the time-domain of dynamic relaxation. The ever increasing use of measuring methods from the armory of physics to characterize molecules by their molecular state fingerprints and, above all, of computers to rationalize both their properties and their microscopic reaction pathways, provides a wealth of information for the development of chemistry. To deal with the complexity of molecular states, a qualitative model based on the topology and symmetry of their structures as well as of their energies resulting from the electron distribution over the respective effective nuclear potentials is presented and is illustrated by examples of our own efforts to elucidate molecular state properties including time-dependent dynamics, microscopic reaction pathways both in the gas phase and in solution, and the self-assembly of molecules on crystallization. In conclusion, a personal retrospective is summarized and some prospects for the future are outlined.

scholarly journals Analysis and interpretation of radiometric signals in a liquid-gas bubble flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 02105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Zych ◽  
Robert Hanus ◽  
Marek Jaszczur ◽  
Anna Golijanek-Jędrzejczyk ◽  
Dariusz Świsulski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Velocity ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Bubble Flow ◽  
Gas Bubble ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
The Time Domain

The article presents the analysis of signals from a radiometric system consisting of two scintillation probes and two gamma radiation sealed sources. Calculations and interpretation were carried out for the bubble flow of the water-air mixture in the horizontal pipeline. The analysis of the obtained signals was done in time and frequency domain. In the frequency domain, a range of usable frequencies was identified, which were associated with changes in gamma-ray intensity recorded in the time domain. The gas phase velocity, void fraction and statistical parameters of the signal were also calculated.

Terahertz Time Domain Gas-phase Spectroscopy of Carbon Monoxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Kilcullen ◽  
I. D. Hartley ◽  
E. T. Jensen ◽  
M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Gas Phase Spectroscopy

Residual Gas Reactions in the Electron Microscope: I. Qualitative Observations on the Water Gas Reaction

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 292-293
Author(s):  
Richard E. Hartman ◽  
Roberta S. Hartman ◽  
Peter L. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Residual Gas ◽  
Gas Reactions ◽  
Image Position ◽  
The Right ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Thinning Rate

The action of water and the electron beam on organic specimens in the electron microscope results in the removal of oxidizable material (primarily hydrogen and carbon) by reactions similar to the water gas reaction .which has the form:The energy required to force the reaction to the right is supplied by the interaction of the electron beam with the specimen.The mass of water striking the specimen is given by:where u = gH2O/cm2 sec, PH2O = partial pressure of water in Torr, & T = absolute temperature of the gas phase. If it is assumed that mass is removed from the specimen by a reaction approximated by (1) and that the specimen is uniformly thinned by the reaction, then the thinning rate in A/ min iswhere x = thickness of the specimen in A, t = time in minutes, & E = efficiency (the fraction of the water striking the specimen which reacts with it).

Integration of Core-Edge Spectroscopy Methods for the Study of Polymers

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
E. G. Rightor
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Core Electron ◽  
Bulk Solids ◽  
Development Application

Core edge spectroscopy methods are versatile tools for investigating a wide variety of materials. They can be used to probe the electronic states of materials in bulk solids, on surfaces, or in the gas phase. This family of methods involves promoting an inner shell (core) electron to an excited state and recording either the primary excitation or secondary decay of the excited state. The techniques are complimentary and have different strengths and limitations for studying challenging aspects of materials. The need to identify components in polymers or polymer blends at high spatial resolution has driven development, application, and integration of results from several of these methods.

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