scholarly journals Multiplexed Detection Methods for Profiling MicroRNA Expression in Biological Samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair W. Wark ◽  
Hye Jin Lee ◽  
Robert M. Corn
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Microrna Expression ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Multiplexed Detection

Occupational Contamination with Cyclophosphamide in Manipulators

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Martins ◽  
Z Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Main Route ◽  
Scientific Papers

Abstract Introduction Cyclophosphamide is a cytotoxic widely used in the treatment of various cancers. It has been observed, for many years, that those responsible for its handling and administration are exposed and levels of contamination have been detected in biological samples collected from these professionals, in surfaces and in the air. Objectives To review the literature on occupational contamination by cyclophosphamide. Methodology The following inclusion criteria were selected: articles published until the present year, articles in English, scientific papers on cyclophosphamide contamination in hospital health professionals, scientific articles on contamination detection methods and articles on the effects that can outcome from cyclophosphamide contamination. Results The cyclophosphamide levels have been decreasing with the implementation of preparation and cleaning guidelines as well as with the emergence of new techniques of manipulation and technological innovations. However, the dermal route remains the main route of contamination and those responsible for cytotoxic manipulation are not the only ones exposed. It was verified that hospital professionals, who in their profession would not be in contact with cyclophosphamide, also presented levels of contamination in the collected urine samples. Conclusion It is necessary to continue to alert hospital professionals to the importance of always complying with the handling and cleaning protocols, since one of the main causes of contamination is precisely the performance of incorrect procedures during both tasks. This is a topic that should be further studied in order to minimize the exposure and consequently the associated risks.

scholarly journals β-amyloid in biological samples: not all Aβ detection methods are created equal

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Adlard ◽  
Qiao-Xin Li ◽  
Catriona McLean ◽  
Colin L. Masters ◽  
Ashley I. Bush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Detection Methods

scholarly journals Childhood Allergy Disease, Early Diagnosis, and the Potential of Salivary Protein Biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. H. M. Zainal ◽  
R. Abas ◽  
S. F. Mohamad Asri
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Food Challenge ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
Targeted Interventions

Allergic disease has risen to epidemic proportions since the last decade and is among the most common noncommunicable, chronic diseases in children and adolescents worldwide. Allergic disease usually occurs in early life; thus, early biomarkers of allergic susceptibility are required for preventive measures to high-risk infants which enable early interventions to decrease allergic severity. However, to date, there is no reliable general or specific allergy phenotype detection method that is easy and noninvasive for children. Most reported allergic phenotype detection methods are invasive, such as the skin prick test (SPT), oral food challenge (OFC), and blood test, and many involve not readily accessible biological samples, such as cord blood (CB), maternal blood, or newborn vernix. Saliva is a biological sample that has great potential as a biomarker measurement as it consists of an abundance of biomarkers, such as genetic material and proteins. It is easily accessible, noninvasive, collected via a painless procedure, and an easy bedside screening for real-time measurement of the ongoing human physiological system. All these advantages emphasise saliva as a very promising diagnostic candidate for the detection and monitoring of disease biomarkers, especially in children. Furthermore, protein biomarkers have the advantages as modifiable influencing factors rather than genetic and epigenetic factors that are mostly nonmodifiable factors for allergic disease susceptibility in childhood. Saliva has great potential to replace serum as a biological fluid biomarker in diagnosing clinical allergy. However, to date, saliva is not considered as an established medically acceptable biomarker. This review considers whether the saliva could be suitable biological samples for early detection of allergic risk. Such tools may be used as justification for targeted interventions in early childhood for disease prevention and assisting in reducing morbidity and mortality caused by childhood allergy.

scholarly journals Multiplexed detection of bacterial nucleic acids using Cas13 in droplet microarrays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Gowtham Thakku ◽  
Cheri M Ackerman ◽  
Cameron Myhrvold ◽  
Roby P Bhattacharyya ◽  
Jonathan Livny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Multiplexed Detection

Rapid and accurate diagnosis of infections is fundamental to individual patient care and public health management. Nucleic acid detection methods are critical to this effort, but are limited either in the breadth of pathogens targeted or by the expertise and infrastructure required. We present here a high-throughput system that enables rapid identification of bacterial pathogens, bCARMEN, which utilizes: (1) modular CRISPR-Cas13-based nucleic acid detection with enhanced sensitivity and specificity; and (2) a droplet microfluidic system that enables thousands of simultaneous, spatially multiplexed detection reactions at nanoliter volumes; and (3) a novel pre-amplification strategy that further enhances sensitivity and specificity. We demonstrate bCARMEN is capable of detecting and discriminating 52 clinically relevant bacterial species and several key antibiotic resistance genes. We further develop a proof of principle system for use with stabilized reagents and a simple workflow with optical readout using a cell phone camera, opening up the possibility of a rapid point-of-care multiplexed bacterial pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing.

SERS-based inverse molecular sentinel (iMS) nanoprobes for multiplexed detection of microRNA cancer biomarkers in biological samples

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget M. Crawford ◽  
Hsin-Neng Wang ◽  
Andrew M. Fales ◽  
Michelle L. Bowie ◽  
Victoria L. Seewaldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Multiplexed Detection

scholarly journals Pillar[6]arene acts as a biosensor for quantitative detection of a vitamin metabolite in crude biological samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaya Ueno ◽  
Takuya Tomita ◽  
Hiroshi Arakawa ◽  
Takahiro Kakuta ◽  
Tada-aki Yamagishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Vitamin B3 ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Deficient Mice

AbstractMetabolic syndrome is associated with obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, and increased cardiovascular risk. Therefore, quick and accurate measurements of specific metabolites are critical for diagnosis; however, detection methods are limited. Here we describe the synthesis of pillar[n]arenes to target 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA), which is one metabolite of vitamin B3 (nicotinamide) produced by the cancer-associated nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). We found that water-soluble pillar[5]arene (P5A) forms host–guest complexes with both 1-MNA and nicotinamide, and water-soluble pillar[6]arene (P6A) selectively binds to 1-MNA at the micromolar level. P6A can be used as a “turn-off sensor” by photoinduced electron transfer (detection limit is 4.38 × 10−6 M). In our cell-free reaction, P6A is used to quantitatively monitor the activity of NNMT. Moreover, studies using NNMT-deficient mice reveal that P6A exclusively binds to 1-MNA in crude urinary samples. Our findings demonstrate that P6A can be used as a biosensor to quantify 1-MNA in crude biological samples.

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