Cellular Immune Recognition and the Biological Role of Major Transplantation Antigens(Nobel Lecture)

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (18) ◽  
pp. 1938-1949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf M. Zinkernagel
Keyword(s):  
Biological Role ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Nobel Lecture ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Transplantation Antigens

Cellular Immune Recognition and the Biological Role of Major Transplantation Antigens

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf M. Zinkernagel
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Cell Killing ◽  
Biological Role ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Transplantation Antigens ◽  
New Vaccines

The experiments leading to the discovery of MHC-restricted T-cell killing of virus-infected cells are described. The implications of MHC- and HLA-restricted T-cell killing for the development of new vaccines and for the understanding of autoimmune disease are discussed.

From Organizations of Processes to Organisms and Other Biological Individuals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Argyris Arnellos
Keyword(s):  
Multicellular Organism ◽  
Collaborative Networks ◽  
Biological Role ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Organizational Framework

The emphasis on the collaborative dimension of life overlooks the importance of biological individuals (conceived of as integrated, self-maintaining organizations) in the build-up of more complex collaborative networks in the course of evolution. This chapter proposes a process-based organizational ontology for biology, according to which the essential features of unicellular organismicality are captured by a self-maintaining organization of processes integrated by means of a special type of collaboration (realized through regulatory processes entailing an indispensable interdependence) between its constitutive and its interactive aspects. This ontology is then used to describe different types of collaborations among cells and to suggest the type that yields a multicellular organism. The proposed organizational framework enables us to critically assess hypercollaborative views of life, especially issues related to the distinction between biological individuals and organisms and between life and non-life, without however underestimating the central biological role of collaboration.

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