The Quartz Microbalance: A Novel Approach to the In-Situ Investigation of Interfacial Phenomena at the Solid/Liquid Junction[New Analytical Methods(40)]

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Schumacher
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Interfacial Phenomena ◽  
Liquid Junction ◽  
Quartz Microbalance ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
Solid Liquid

scholarly journals In Situ Hyperspectral Raman Imaging: A New Method to Investigate Sintering Processes of Ceramic Material at High-temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Hauke ◽  
Johannes Kehren ◽  
Nadine Böhme ◽  
Sinje Zimmer ◽  
Thorsten Geisler
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Raman Imaging ◽  
In Situ Studies ◽  
Kinetic Information ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Micrometer Scale ◽  
Sintering Processes

In the last decades, Raman spectroscopy has become an important tool to identify and investigate minerals, gases, glasses, and organic material at room temperature. In combination with high-temperature and high-pressure devices, however, the in situ investigation of mineral transformation reactions and their kinetics is nowadays also possible. Here, we present a novel approach to in situ studies for the sintering process of silicate ceramics by hyperspectral Raman imaging. This imaging technique allows studying high-temperature solid-solid and/or solid-melt reactions spatially and temporally resolved, and opens up new avenues to study and visualize high-temperature sintering processes in multi-component systems. After describing in detail the methodology, the results of three application examples are presented and discussed. These experiments demonstrate the power of hyperspectral Raman imaging for in situ studies of the mechanism(s) of solid-solid or solid-melt reactions at high-temperature with a micrometer-scale resolution as well as to gain kinetic information from the temperature- and time-dependent growth and breakdown of minerals during isothermal or isochronal sintering.

In situ investigation of the primary recrystallization of alpha titanium in HVEM

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 634-635
Author(s):  
S. Naka ◽  
R. Penelle ◽  
R. Valle
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Cold Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Primary Recrystallization ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
Grain Growth Model ◽  
Alpha Titanium

The in situ experimentation technique in HVEM seems to be particularly suitable to clarify the processes involved in recrystallization. The material under investigation was unidirectionally cold-rolled titanium of commercial purity. The problem was approached in two different ways. The three-dimensional analysis of textures was used to describe the texture evolution during the primary recrystallization. Observations of bulk-annealed specimens or thin foils annealed in the microscope were also made in order to provide information concerning the mechanisms involved in the formation of new grains. In contrast to the already published work on titanium, this investigation takes into consideration different values of the cold-work ratio, the temperature and the annealing time.Two different models are commonly used to explain the recrystallization textures i.e. the selective grain growth model (Beck) or the oriented nucleation model (Burgers). The three-dimensional analysis of both the rolling and recrystallization textures was performed to identify the mechanismsl involved in the recrystallization of titanium.

In-situ Investigation of Bainite Formation with fast X-Ray Diffraction (iXRD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 355-364
Author(s):  
A. Kopp ◽  
T. Bernthaler ◽  
D. Schmid ◽  
G. Ketzer-Raichle ◽  
G. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Investigation

The role of (bio)surfactant sorption in promoting the bioavailability of nutrients localized at the solid-water interface

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan N. Jordan ◽  
Eric P. Nichols ◽  
Alfred B. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Surfactant Sorption

Bioavailability is herein defined as the accessibility of a substrate by a microorganism. Further, bioavailability is governed by (1) the substrate concentration that the cell membrane “sees,” (i.e., the “directly bioavailable” pool) as well as (2) the rate of mass transfer from potentially bioavailable (e.g., nonaqueous) phases to the directly bioavailable (e.g., aqueous) phase. Mechanisms by which sorbed (bio)surfactants influence these two processes are discussed. We propose the hypothesis that the sorption of (bio)surfactants at the solid-liquid interface is partially responsible for the increased bioavailability of surface-bound nutrients, and offer this as a basis for suggesting the development of engineered in-situ bioremediation technologies that take advantage of low (bio)surfactant concentrations. In addition, other industrial systems where bioavailability phenomena should be considered are addressed.

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