Maradolipids: Diacyltrehalose Glycolipids Specific to Dauer Larva in Caenorhabditis elegans

2010 ◽  
Vol 122 (49) ◽  
pp. 9620-9625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sider Penkov ◽  
Fanny Mende ◽  
Vyacheslav Zagoriy ◽  
Cihan Erkut ◽  
René Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Dauer Larva

scholarly journals Two Pleiotropic Classes of daf-2 Mutation Affect Larval Arrest, Adult Behavior, Reproduction and Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gems ◽  
Amy J Sutton ◽  
Mark L Sundermeyer ◽  
Patrice S Albert ◽  
Kevin V King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Adult Behavior ◽  
Dauer Larva ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Dauer Larvae ◽  
Overlapping Classes ◽  
Receptor Family

Abstract The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans responds to overcrowding and scarcity of food by arresting development as a dauer larva, a nonfeeding, long-lived, stress-resistant, alternative third-larval stage. Previous work has shown that mutations in the genes daf-2 (encoding a member of the insulin receptor family) and age-1 (encoding a PI 3-kinase) result in constitutive formation of dauer larvae (Daf-c), increased adult longevity (Age), and increased intrinsic thermotolerance (Itt). Some daf-2 mutants have additional developmental, behavioral, and reproductive defects. We have characterized in detail 15 temperature-sensitive and 1 nonconditional daf-2 allele to investigate the extent of daf-2 mutant defects and to examine whether specific mutant traits correlate with each other. The greatest longevity seen in daf-2 mutant adults was approximately three times that of wild type. The temperature-sensitive daf-2 mutants fell into two overlapping classes, including eight class 1 mutants, which are Daf-c, Age, and Itt, and exhibit low levels of L1 arrest at 25.5°. Seven class 2 mutants also exhibit the class 1 defects as well as some or all of the following: reduced adult motility, abnormal adult body and gonad morphology, high levels of embryonic and L1 arrest, production of progeny late in life, and reduced brood size. The strengths of the Daf-c, Age, and Itt phenotypes largely correlated with each other but not with the strength of class 2-specific defects. This suggests that the DAF-2 receptor is bifunctional. Examination of the null phenotype revealed a maternally rescued egg, L1 lethal component, and a nonconditional Daf-c component. With respect to the Daf-c phenotype, the dauer-defective (Daf-d) mutation daf-12(m20) was epistatic to daf-2 class 1 alleles but not the severe class 2 alleles tested. All daf-2 mutant defects were suppressed by the daf-d mutation daf-16(m26). Our findings suggest a new model for daf-2, age-1, daf-12, and daf-16 interactions.

scholarly journals Molecular Strategies of the Caenorhabditis elegans Dauer Larva to Survive Extreme Desiccation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e82473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cihan Erkut ◽  
Andrej Vasilj ◽  
Sebastian Boland ◽  
Bianca Habermann ◽  
Andrej Shevchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Dauer Larva

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of chemosensory control of dauer formation in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Vowels ◽  
J H Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Dauer Larva ◽  
Chemosensory Transduction ◽  
Dauer Formation ◽  
Dauer Larvae

Abstract Dauer larva formation in Caenorhabditis elegans is controlled by chemosensory cells that respond to environmental cues. Genetic interactions among mutations in 23 genes that affect dauer larva formation were investigated. Mutations in seven genes that cause constitutive dauer formation, and mutations in 16 genes that either block dauer formation or result in the formation of abnormal dauers, were analyzed. Double mutants between dauer-constitutive and dauer-defective mutations were constructed and characterized for their capacity to form dauer larvae. Many of the genes could be interpreted to lie in a simple linear epistasis pathway. Three genes, daf-16, daf-18 and daf-20, may affect downstream steps in a branched part of the pathway. Three other genes, daf-2, daf-3 and daf-5, displayed partial or complex epistasis interactions that were difficult to interpret as part of a simple linear pathway. Dauer-defective mutations in nine genes cause structurally defective chemosensory cilia, thereby blocking chemosensation. Mutations in all nine of these genes appear to fall at a single step in the epistasis pathway. Dauer-constitutive mutations in one gene, daf-11, were strongly suppressed for dauer formation by mutations in the nine cilium-structure genes. Mutations in the other six dauer-constitutive genes caused dauer formation despite the absence of functional chemosensory endings. These results suggest that daf-11 is directly involved in chemosensory transduction essential for dauer formation, while the other Daf-c genes play roles downstream of the chemosensory step.

scholarly journals Exogenous ethanol induces a metabolic switch that prolongs the survival of Caenorhabditis elegans dauer larva and enhances its resistance to desiccation

Aging Cell ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damla Kaptan ◽  
Sider Penkov ◽  
Xingyu Zhang ◽  
Vamshidhar R. Gade ◽  
Bharath Kumar Raghuraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Metabolic Switch ◽  
Dauer Larva

scholarly journals egl-4 Acts Through a Transforming Growth Factor-β/SMAD Pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans to Regulate Multiple Neuronal Circuits in Response to Sensory Cues

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A Daniels ◽  
Michael Ailion ◽  
James H Thomas ◽  
Piali Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Sensory Cues ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Epistasis Analysis ◽  
Dauer Larva ◽  
Dauer Formation ◽  
Chemosensory Behavior

Abstract Sensory cues regulate several aspects of behavior and development in Caenorhabditis elegans, including entry into and exit from an alternative developmental stage called the dauer larva. Three parallel pathways, including a TGF-β-like pathway, regulate dauer formation. The mechanisms by which the activities of these pathways are regulated by sensory signals are largely unknown. The gene egl-4 was initially identified based on its egg-laying defects. We show here that egl-4 has many pleiotropies, including defects in chemosensory behavior, body size, synaptic transmission, and dauer formation. Our results are consistent with a role for egl-4 in relaying sensory cues to multiple behavioral and developmental circuits in C. elegans. By epistasis analysis, we also place egl-4 in the TGF-β-like branch and show that a SMAD gene functions downstream of egl-4 in multiple egl-4-regulated pathways, including chemosensation.

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