scholarly journals Freeform Metagratings Based on Complex Light Scattering Dynamics for Extreme, High Efficiency Beam Steering

2017 ◽  
Vol 530 (1) ◽  
pp. 1700302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianji Yang ◽  
David Sell ◽  
Jonathan A. Fan
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Beam Steering

Facile preparation of hierarchical TiO2nanowire–nanoparticle/nanotube architecture for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (40) ◽  
pp. 20366-20374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nianqing Fu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Yanchun Liu ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Limin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
One Step ◽  
Facile Preparation ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Light Scattering Effect

Hierarchical TiO2architecture with a remarkably improved surface area and light scattering effect was preparedviaone-step post-treatment for dye-sensitized solar cells, achieving a high efficiency of 8.82%.

Numerical Simulation of High Accuracy and High Efficiency Beam Steering Based on Liquid Crystal Optical Phase Array

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 0202002
Author(s):  
师宇斌 Shi Yubin ◽  
马浩统 Ma Haotong ◽  
马阎星 Ma Yanxing ◽  
吕洋 Lü Yang ◽  
司磊 Si Lei
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Phase Array ◽  
Optical Phase

scholarly journals Submillisecond-Response Polymer Network Liquid Crystal Phase Modulators

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2862
Author(s):  
Yannanqi Li ◽  
Zhiyong Yang ◽  
Ran Chen ◽  
Lingchao Mo ◽  
Juanli Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Dielectric Anisotropy ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Scattering Loss ◽  
Light Modulators

A submillisecond-response and light scattering-free polymer-network liquid crystal (PNLC) for infrared spatial light modulators is demonstrated. Our new liquid crystal host exhibits a higher birefringence, comparable dielectric anisotropy, and slightly lower visco-elastic constant than a commonly employed commercial material, HTG-135200. Moreover, the electro-optical performance of our PNLCs with different monomer concentrations, cell gaps, and liquid crystal (LC) hosts is compared and discussed from four aspects: operating voltage, hysteresis, relaxation time, and light scattering loss. The temperature effect on hysteresis is also analyzed. Potential applications of PNLCs for laser beam steering and spatial light modulators especially in the infrared region are foreseeable.

Optical Analyses of Microfluidic Tunable Liquid Prisms for Enhanced Solar Energy Collection

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Wadhwa ◽  
Sung-Yong Park
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Reflection Loss ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Index Ratio

We present optical analyses of a microfluidic tunable liquid prism to find its optimized configuration that can achieve wider beam steering as well as less reflection loss and eventually maximize solar energy capture without mechanical tracking. For this study, four different prism configurations are compared from single to quad-stacked ones with various refractive indices of the liquids filled in the prism. Its beam steering capability can be improved by increasing the refractive index ratio between the liquids used and by using higher number of the stacked prisms. The quad-stacked prism is able to steer incoming sunlight with an incident angle of a α ≤ ± 75° at an apex angle of φ ≤ ± 30°, which represents more than 5 times improvement, when it is compared to the single prism using the same liquids. For appropriate liquid material selection, the effect of refractive index ratio, r = n2/n1, on beam steering was additionally studied. However, one considerable issue is the fact that the better beam steering, the more reflection loss. This is because both higher number of interfaces and larger refractive index ratio make more reflection at each of the interfaces. Our reflectance analysis showed that the quad prism performs inferior to the double prism until α = ± 32°, while being of superior beam steering performance. To further reduce the solar energy loss through the quad prism, a modified configuration is proposed with a thin film added to the interfaces. 50 % of the total reflection was reduced. Our technology promises an alternative to a low-cost and high-efficiency solar tracking system capable of beam steering as wide as ± 75° and reflection loss as low as 4.5%, during all daily tracking of the sun.

scholarly journals Association of partially folded lens βB2-crystallins with the α-crystallin molecular chaperone

2008 ◽  
Vol 409 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Evans ◽  
Christine Slingsby ◽  
B. A. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Molecular Chaperone ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Quaternary Structure ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Partially Folded Intermediate

Age-related cataract is a result of crystallins, the predominant lens proteins, forming light-scattering aggregates. In the low protein turnover environment of the eye lens, the crystallins are susceptible to modifications that can reduce stability, increasing the probability of unfolding and aggregation events occurring. It is hypothesized that the α-crystallin molecular chaperone system recognizes and binds these proteins before they can form the light-scattering centres that result in cataract, thus maintaining the long-term transparency of the lens. In the present study, we investigated the unfolding and aggregation of (wild-type) human and calf βB2-crystallins and the formation of a complex between α-crystallin and βB2-crystallins under destabilizing conditions. Human and calf βB2-crystallin unfold through a structurally similar pathway, but the increased stability of the C-terminal domain of human βB2-crystallin relative to calf βB2-crystallin results in the increased population of a partially folded intermediate during unfolding. This intermediate is aggregation-prone and prevents constructive refolding of human βB2-crystallin, while calf βB2-crystallin can refold with high efficiency. α-Crystallin can effectively chaperone both human and calf βB2-crystallins from thermal aggregation, although chaperone-bound βB2-crystallins are unable to refold once returned to native conditions. Ordered secondary structure is seen to increase in α-crystallin with elevated temperatures up to 60 °C; structure is rapidly lost at temperatures of 70 °C and above. Our experimental results combined with previously reported observations of α-crystallin quaternary structure have led us to propose a structural model of how activated α-crystallin chaperones unfolded βB2-crystallin.

scholarly journals Mid-wave infrared beam steering based on high-efficiency liquid crystal diffractive waveplates

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 22404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangwang Gou ◽  
Fenglin Peng ◽  
Qitian Ru ◽  
Yun-Han Lee ◽  
Haiwei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Beam Steering

scholarly journals High-efficiency, tunable, fringe-field switching-mode beam steering based on a liquid crystal Pancharatnam phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (34) ◽  
pp. 10706
Author(s):  
Comrun Yousefzadeh ◽  
Andre Van Rynbach ◽  
Doug Bryant ◽  
Philip Bos
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Fringe Field ◽  
Pancharatnam Phase ◽  
Mode Beam ◽  
Switching Mode

scholarly journals Microscale light management and inherent optical properties of intact corals studied with optical coherence tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (151) ◽  
pp. 20180567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Wangpraseurt ◽  
Steven Jacques ◽  
Niclas Lyndby ◽  
Jacob Boiesen Holm ◽  
Christine Ferrier Pages ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Stylophora Pistillata ◽  
Inherent Optical Properties

Coral reefs are highly productive photosynthetic systems and coral optics studies suggest that such high efficiency is due to optimized light scattering by coral tissue and skeleton. Here, we characterize the inherent optical properties, i.e. the scattering coefficient, μ s , and the anisotropy of scattering, g , of eight intact coral species using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Specifically, we describe light scattering by coral skeletons, coenoarc tissues, polyp tentacles and areas covered by fluorescent pigments (FP). Our results reveal that light scattering between coral species ranges from μ s = 3 mm −1 ( Stylophora pistillata ) to μ s = 25 mm −1 ( Echinopora lamelosa ) . For Platygyra pini , μ s was 10-fold higher for tissue versus skeleton, while in other corals (e.g. Hydnophora pilosa ) no difference was found between tissue and skeletal scattering. Tissue scattering was threefold enhanced in coenosarc tissues ( μ s = 24.6 mm −1 ) versus polyp tentacles ( μ s = 8.3 mm −1 ) in Turbinaria reniformis . FP scattering was almost isotropic when FP were organized in granule chromatophores ( g = 0.34) but was forward directed when FP were distributed diffusely in the tissue ( g = 0.96). Our study provides detailed measurements of coral scattering and establishes a rapid approach for characterizing optical properties of photosynthetic soft tissues via OCT in vivo .

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