Steady state ensembles of thermal radiation in a layered media with a constant heat flux

2013 ◽  
Vol 525 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
Bair V. Budaev ◽  
David B. Bogy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Layered Media ◽  
Constant Heat Flux ◽  
Constant Heat

scholarly journals Supercritical Convection of Water in an Elongated Cavity at a Given Vertical Heat Flux

2021 ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Vadim A. Sharifulin ◽  
Tatyana P. Lyubimova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Constant Heat Flux ◽  
Constant Heat ◽  
Single Vortex ◽  
Vertical Heat ◽  
The Finite Difference Method ◽  
Vertical Heat Flux ◽  
Rayleigh Numbers

The supercritical modes of water convection are investigated at room temperature in an elongated horizontal cavityes, with a width-to-height ratios of 2 : 1 and 3 : 1. The Prandtl number is assumed to be equal to seven. A constant heat flux is set at the upper free and lower solid boundaries, and the lateral solid boundaries are assumed to be thermally insulated. Calculations carried out by the finite-difference method for values of the Rayleigh number exceeding the critical one by up to thirty times have shown that in the indicated interval of Rayleigh numbers in both cavities in the supercritical region, a single-vortex steady state is realized

Rate of Sublimation of Ice by Radiative Heating in Freeze-Etching

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 618-619
Author(s):  
Yeshayahu Talmon
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Constant Heat Flux ◽  
Radiative Heating ◽  
Constant Heat ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Sublimation Rates ◽  
Fractured Surface

To bring out details in the fractured surface of a frozen sample in the freeze fracture/freeze-etch technique,the sample or part of it is warmed to enhance water sublimation.One way to do this is to raise the temperature of the entire sample to about -100°C to -90°C. In this case sublimation rates can be calculated by using plots such as Fig.1 (Talmon and Thomas),or by simplified formulae such as that given by Menold and Liittge. To achieve higher rates of sublimation without heating the entire sample a radiative heater can be used (Echlin et al.). In the present paper a simplified method for the calculation of the rates of sublimation under a constant heat flux F [W/m2] at the surface of the sample from a heater placed directly above the sample is described.

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