N‐Methyl‐D‐Aspartate Receptor Antibodies in Autoimmune Encephalopathy Alter Oligodendrocyte Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Matute ◽  
Ana Palma ◽  
María Paz Serrano‐Regal ◽  
Estibaliz Maudes ◽  
Sumanta Barman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antibodies ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalopathy

Pure ataxia associated with N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibodies

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Aguiar de Sousa ◽  
Patrícia Pita Lobo ◽  
Ana Castro Caldas ◽  
Miguel Coelho ◽  
Luísa Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antibodies

scholarly journals Non-inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid delays the diagnosis and start of immunotherapy in anti-NMDAR encephalitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Espinola-Nadurille ◽  
Paola Bautista-Gomez ◽  
Jose Flores ◽  
Veronica Rivas-Alonso ◽  
Rodrigo Perez-Esparza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Nmdar Encephalitis ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Manifestations ◽  
Inflammatory Pattern ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalopathy

ABSTRACT Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a form of autoimmune encephalopathy that presents with a wide variety of symptoms, including neuropsychiatric manifestations. The authors’ aim for this study was to analyze the results of paraclinical studies of patients with a diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and the association between symptom onset and diagnosis, and start of immunotherapy. Retrospective data of 29 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were gathered and analyzed. Abnormal EEG was found in 27 patients (93.1%), whereas MRI was abnormal in 19 patients (65.5%). In contrast, an inflammatory pattern on CSF analysis was found in only 13 patients (44.8%). The absence of pleocytosis or increased proteins in the CSF was associated with a longer time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment (p = 0.003). The authors conclude that noninflammatory CSF may delay the correct diagnosis and start of immunotherapy in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In the presence of suggestive clinical features, extensive studies including EEG are recommended.

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis in a 3-Year-Old Toddler with the Involvement of Severe Autonomic Dysfunctions in Gastrointestinal System: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 041-044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ying Liu ◽  
Yang-Yang Wang ◽  
Ling-Yu Pang ◽  
Gui-Xia Zhang ◽  
Li-Ping Zou
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Immunomodulatory Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysmotility ◽  
System A ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Nmdar Encephalitis ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunctions ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Receptor Antibodies

AbstractAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is under-recognized in children and adults. It is characterized by prominent neurologic and psychiatric features at first onset. Autonomic manifestations are rarer in children than in adults. We report a 3-year-old male patient with rare manifestation of severe autonomic dysfunctions of the gastrointestinal system and atypical prodromal symptoms. The serum and CSF of the patient were positive for anti-NMDA receptor antibodies, and his electroencephalogram results showed an “extreme delta brush” pattern. The patient had completely recovered by the sixth-month assessment after receiving first-line immunomodulatory treatment. Thus, anti-NMDAR encephalitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children with mental status changes and widespread autonomic dysfunction, particularly if symptoms are accompanied by gastrointestinal dysmotility and anhidrosis.

THUR 154 NMDAR-AB encephalitis: frequency of diagnosis and outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. A18.3-A18
Author(s):  
Lim H ◽  
Whittam D ◽  
Jackson E ◽  
Williams N ◽  
O’Connell D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Onset Age ◽  
Significant Delay ◽  
Mri Brain ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Csf Pleocytosis ◽  
Intrathecal Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Receptor Antibodies

BackgroundThe association of N-methyl d-aspartate receptor-antibodies (NMDAR-Abs) and encephalitis is now well recognised. MethodsRetrospective review of frequency of diagnosis and outcomes in encephalitis with NMDAR-Abs identified at the Walton Centre between 2012–2017.ResultsNMDAR-Abs were detected in 29/1131 (3%) of sera and/or CSF samples. Of 20 (69%) patients with encephalitis, 50% were identified in the last two years. Median onset age was 34(17–75) years and 60% (12/20) were female. Median symptom duration before diagnosis was 24(2–720) weeks between 2012–2015, improving to 14(1–96) weeks between 2015–2016. Five patients (25%) had an infectious prodrome (one prior HSV-1 encephalitis). Psychiatric/cognitive symptoms, seizures, and movement disorders were present in 80% (16/20), 70% (14/20), and 55% (11/20) of patients respectively. Three patients had ovarian teratomas.Electroencephalograms were abnormal in 65% (15/23) and MRI brain in 37% (7/19) patients. Unmatched intrathecal oligoclonal bands and CSF pleocytosis were present in 31% (5/16) and 60% (15/25) of samples respectively. Immunotherapy was beneficial in 73% (11/15) of patients. Two patients died (sepsis and multi-organ failure) and two improved spontaneously. At a median follow-up of 9 (5–180) months, 69% (11/16) of patients had an mRS ≤2. ConclusionAlthough the recognition of NMDAR-Ab encephalitis has improved, there is still a significant delay to diagnosis. The majority of patients have good outcomes.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies: A potentially treatable cause of encephalitis in the intensive care unit

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Davies ◽  
Sarosh R. Irani ◽  
Cordelia Coltart ◽  
Gordon Ingle ◽  
Yogen Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antibodies
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