scholarly journals Clinical and pathological insights into the dynamic nature of the white matter multiple sclerosis plaque

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 710-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josa M. Frischer ◽  
Stephen D. Weigand ◽  
Yong Guo ◽  
Nilufer Kale ◽  
Joseph E. Parisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Plaque

Author response for "White matter lesions in multiple sclerosis are enriched for CD20 dim CD8 + tissue‐resident memory T cells"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng‐Chih Hsiao ◽  
Nina L. Fransen ◽  
Aletta M.R. den Bosch ◽  
Kim I.M. Brandwijk ◽  
Inge Huitinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cells ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Resident Memory T Cells

scholarly journals Bi-caudate ratio as a MRI marker of white matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis and ischemic leukocencephalopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dena Serag ◽  
Eman Ragab
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imaging Science ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Brain atrophy measurement is now a cornerstone in basic neuro-imaging science. While assessment of white matter atrophy by visual inspection is subjective, volumetric approaches are time-consuming and not often feasible. Bi-caudate ratio represents a linear surrogate parameter of brain volume that can be derived from standard imaging sequences. This study highlights the value of the bi-caudate ratio (BCR) as a MRI marker of white matter atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis and ischemic leukoencephalopathy and set a cut-off value to differentiate between patients with white matter atrophy and normal subjects. Results A total of 115 patients (54 males and 61 females) diagnosed with white matter leukoencephalopathy (MS in 51 patients and ischemic leukoencephalopathy in 64 patients) were included. Another group of 60 subjects with a normal white matter signal was recruited as a control group. BCR for the patient group ranged from 0.13 to 0.27 (mean (± SD) = 0.16 ± 0.02), while for the control group, it ranged from 0.05 mm to 0.13 (mean (± SD) = 0.09 ± 0.01). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P value < 0.001). A cut-off value of 0.13 was used to differentiate between the BCR in both patients and control groups with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 99.2%, 100%, and 99%, respectively. The difference in BCR for patients diagnosed with MS and ischemic leukoencephalopathy was also statistically significant (P value < 0.001). Conclusion The bi-caudate ratio represents a linear measurement of subcortical atrophy that can be useful as a surrogate marker of global supra-tentorial white matter atrophy instead of the usually performed visual and therefore subjective assessment. It is an easily obtained measure that can be performed without complex time-consuming volumetric studies. Our findings also revealed that the BCR is higher in patients with ischemic leukoencephalopathy than in patients with MS.

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