Imaging central nervous system myelin by positron emission tomography in multiple sclerosis using [methyl-11C]-2-(4′-methylaminophenyl)- 6-hydroxybenzothiazole

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Stankoff ◽  
Leorah Freeman ◽  
Marie-Stéphane Aigrot ◽  
Audrey Chardain ◽  
Frédéric Dollé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission

Role of Positron Emission Tomography for Central Nervous System Involvement in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Status and Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (26) ◽  
pp. 3096-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Mauro ◽  
Gaetano Barbagallo ◽  
Salvatore D`Angelo ◽  
Pasqualina Sannino ◽  
Saverio Naty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Systemic Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Positron Emission

In the last years, an increasing interest in molecular imaging has been raised by the extending potential of positron emission tomography [PET]. The role of PET imaging, originally confined to the oncology setting, is continuously extending thanks to the development of novel radiopharmaceutical and to the implementation of hybrid imaging techniques, where PET scans are combined with computed tomography [CT] or magnetic resonance imaging[MRI] in order to improve spatial resolution. Early preclinical studies suggested that 18F–FDG PET can detect neuroinflammation; new developing radiopharmaceuticals targeting more specifically inflammation-related molecules are moving in this direction. Neurological involvement is a distinct feature of various systemic autoimmune diseases, i.e. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [SLE] or Behcet’s disease [BD]. Although MRI is largely considered the gold-standard imaging technique for the detection of Central Nervous System [CNS] involvement in these disorders. Several patients complain of neuropsychiatric symptoms [headache, epilepsy, anxiety or depression] in the absence of any significant MRI finding; in such patients the diagnosis relies mainly on clinical examination and often the role of the disease process versus iatrogenic or reactive forms is doubtful. The aim of this review is to explore the state-of-the-art for the role of PET imaging in CNS involvement in systemic rheumatic diseases. In addition, we explore the potential role of emerging radiopharmaceutical and their possible application in aiding the diagnosis of CNS involvement in systemic autoimmune diseases.

scholarly journals Positron emission tomography reporter gene strategy for use in the central nervous system

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (23) ◽  
pp. 11402-11407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Haywood ◽  
Corinne Beinat ◽  
Gayatri Gowrishankar ◽  
Chirag B. Patel ◽  
Israt S. Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Central Nervous System

There is a growing need for monitoring or imaging gene therapy in the central nervous system (CNS). This can be achieved with a positron emission tomography (PET) reporter gene strategy. Here we report the development of a PET reporter gene system using the PKM2 gene with its associated radiotracer [18F]DASA-23. The PKM2 reporter gene was delivered to the brains of mice by adeno-associated virus (AAV9) via stereotactic injection. Serial PET imaging was carried out over 8 wk to assess PKM2 expression. After 8 wk, the brains were excised for further mRNA and protein analysis. PET imaging at 8 wk post-AAV delivery showed an increase in [18F]DASA-23 brain uptake in the transduced site of mice injected with the AAV mice over all controls. We believe PKM2 shows great promise as a PET reporter gene and to date is the only example that can be used in all areas of the CNS without breaking the blood–brain barrier, to monitor gene and cell therapy.

scholarly journals Accurate Detection of Tumor Infiltration by 11C-Methionine Positron Emission Tomography in a Patient with Central Nervous System Intravascular Lymphoma: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Yomo ◽  
Keiji Tsutsumi ◽  
Takehiro Yako ◽  
Hiromasa Sato ◽  
Takao Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Tumor Infiltration ◽  
Intravascular Lymphoma ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Met Pet

Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare and clinically devastating subtype of extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a distinct presentation. Diagnostic difficulty derives from marked variability in clinical presentations and nonspecific laboratory and radiological findings, especially when central nervous system (CNS) symptoms are the only manifestation. Establishing the diagnosis premortem thus remains a major challenge. We describe a 70-year-old male with CNS IVL. He presented with acute onset of neurocognitive impairments. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple high-intensity areas suggesting occlusive cerebrovascular disease due to emboli, but extensive investigations detected no embolic sources. Intracranial neoplasm was included in a differential diagnosis based on elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and interleukin 2 receptor levels. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI or 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) failed to demonstrate specific findings leading to a definite diagnosis, while 11C-methionine PET (MET-PET) distinctively demonstrated an area of focally increased MET uptake in the frontal cortex, suggesting the extent of tumor infiltration. Stereotactic biopsy was conducted under MET-PET imaging guidance and immunohistological examinations confirmed the proliferation and aggregation of CD20-positive lymphoma cells within the lumina of small blood vessels. The findings of the present case first suggest that MET-PET may provide important information on the diagnosis of CNS IVL and on the selection of the optimal site for brain biopsy. Further investigation is necessary to clarify whether positive findings on MET-PET are truly specific and pathognomonic for CNS IVL.

scholarly journals Cerebral rituximab uptake in multiple sclerosis: A 89Zr-immunoPET pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marloes HJ Hagens ◽  
Joep Killestein ◽  
Maqsood M Yaqub ◽  
Guus AMS van Dongen ◽  
Adriaan A Lammertsma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Central Nervous System Penetration ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Rapid Effect ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Previous studies have demonstrated that the chimeric monoclonal antibody rituximab significantly reduces clinical and radiological disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis as early as 4 weeks after the first administration. The exact mechanisms leading to this rapid effect have not yet been clarified. The aim of this positron emission tomography study was to assess central nervous system penetration as a possible explanation, using zirconium-89-labelled rituximab. No evidence was found for cerebral penetration of [89Zr]rituximab.

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