scholarly journals Contribution of specific gray matter volumes to insomnia severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neus Falgàs Martínez ◽  
Isabel Elaine Allen ◽  
Paige S Mumford ◽  
Youssef M Essanaa ◽  
Michelle M Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes ◽  
Insomnia Severity

scholarly journals Associations Between Brain Gray Matter Volumes and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Healthy Adults

Obesity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Author(s):  
Juho R. H. Raiko ◽  
Jetro J. Tuulari ◽  
Teemu Saari ◽  
Riitta Parkkola ◽  
Nina Savisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Adipose Tissue Metabolism ◽  
Tissue Metabolism ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

scholarly journals Leisure Activity Variety and Brain Volume Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Analysis of the Neuron to Environmental Impact Across Generations Study Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Iizuka ◽  
Hiroshi Murayama ◽  
Masaki Machida ◽  
Shiho Amagasa ◽  
Shigeru Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Recent findings indicate that leisure activity (LA) delays cognitive decline and reduces the risk of dementia. However, the association between LA and brain volume remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between LA variety and brain volume with a focus on the hippocampus and gray matter.Methods: Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the Neuron to Environmental Impact across Generations study, which had targeted community-dwelling older adults living in Niigata, Japan. We divided LAs into 10 categories, and counted the number of categories of activities in which the participants engaged. We classified them as follows: 0 (i.e., no activity), 1, 2, or ≥ 3 types. Brain volume was assessed through magnetic resonance imaging, and hippocampal and gray matter volumes were ascertained.Results: The sample size was 482. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that hippocampal and gray matter volumes were significantly greater among participants with ≥ 3 types of LAs than among their no-activity counterparts. Hippocampal volume was significantly greater among those who engaged in one type of LA than among those who engaged in no such activity. Sex-stratified analysis revealed that hippocampal volumes were significantly greater among males who engaged in ≥ 3 types of LAs and one type of LA. However, no such association was found among females.Conclusion: The present findings suggest that engaging in a wide range of LAs is related to hippocampal and gray matter volumes. Furthermore, there was a sex difference in the association between LA variety and brain volume.

scholarly journals The increased gray matter volumes of precentral gyri in Parkinson's disease patients with diphasic dyskinesia

Aging ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9661-9671
Author(s):  
Yan Zhi ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Yong-Sheng Yuan ◽  
Yu-Ting Shen ◽  
Ke-Wei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

scholarly journals Regional prefrontal cortex gray matter volumes in youth at familial risk for schizophrenia from the Harvard Adolescent High Risk Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle M. Rosso ◽  
Nikos Makris ◽  
Heidi W. Thermenos ◽  
Steven M. Hodge ◽  
Ariel Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

Lack of gender effects on gray matter volumes in adolescent generalized anxiety disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Liao ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Zhong He ◽  
Linyan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

scholarly journals Altered gray matter volumes in language-associated regions in children with developmental language disorder and speech sound disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 814-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Kurth ◽  
Eileen Luders ◽  
Lauren Pigdon ◽  
Gina Conti-Ramsden ◽  
Sheena Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

Association of Sleep, Neuropsychological Performance, and Gray Matter Volume With Glymphatic Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013215
Author(s):  
Tiing Yee Siow ◽  
Cheng Hong Toh ◽  
Jung-Lung Hsu ◽  
Geng-Hao Liu ◽  
Shwu-Hua Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Glymphatic System ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background and Objectives:The glymphatic system, which is robustly enabled during some stages of sleep, is a fluid-transport pathway that clears cerebral waste products. Most contemporary knowledge regarding glymphatic system is inferred from rodent experiments and human research is limited. The objective of the research is to explore the associations between human glymphatic function, sleep, neuropsychological performances, and cerebral gray matter volumes.Methods:This cross-sectional study included individuals 60 years or older who had participated in the Integrating Systemic Data of Geriatric Medicine to Explore the Solution for Health Aging study between September 2019 and October 2020. Community-dwelling older adults were enrolled at 2 different sites. Participants with dementia, major depressive disorders, and other major organ system abnormalities were excluded. Sleep profile was accessed using questionnaires and polysomnography. Administered neuropsychological test batteries included Everyday Cognition (ECog) and the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropsychological Battery (CERAD-NB). Gray matter volumes were estimated based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diffusion tensor imaging-analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index was used as the MRI marker of glymphatic function.Results:A total of 84 participants (mean [SD] age, 73.3 [7.1] years, 47 [56.0%] women) were analyzed. Multivariate linear regression model determined that age (unstandardized β, -0.0025 [SE, 0.0001]; P = 0.02), N2 sleep duration (unstandardized β, 0.0002 [SE, 0.0001]; P = 0.04), and the apnea-hypopnea index (unstandardized β, -0.0011 [SE, 0.0005]; P = 0.03) were independently associated with DTI-ALPS. Higher DTI-ALPS was associated with better ECog language scores (unstandardized β, -0.59 [SE, 0.28]; P = 0.04) and better CERAD-NB word-list-learning delayed recall subtest scores (unstandardized β, 6.17 [SE, 2.31]; P = 0.009) after co-varying for age and education. Higher DTI-ALPS was also associated with higher gray matter volume (unstandardized β, 107.00 [SE, 43.65]; P = 0.02) after controlling for age, gender, and total intracranial volume.Discussion:Significant associations were identified between glymphatic function and sleep stressing the importance of sleep for brain health. This study also revealed associations between DTI-ALPS, neuropsychological performances, and cerebral gray matter volumes suggesting the potential of DTI-ALPS as a biomarker for cognitive disorders.

Basic symptoms and gray matter volumes of patients at clinical high risk for psychosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Hubl ◽  
Chantal Michel ◽  
Frauke Schultze-Lutter ◽  
Martinus Hauf ◽  
Benno G. Schimmelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Basic Symptoms ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Gray Matter Volumes

Abstract Background Clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis is indicated by ultra-high risk (UHR) and basic symptom (BS) criteria; however, conversion rates are highest when both UHR and BS criteria are fulfilled (UHR&BS). While BSs are considered the most immediate expression of neurobiological aberrations underlying the development of psychosis, research on neurobiological correlates of BS is scarce. Methods We investigated gray matter volumes (GMV) of 20 regions of interest (ROI) previously associated with UHR criteria in 90 patients from the Bern early detection service: clinical controls (CC), first-episode psychosis (FEP), UHR, BS and UHR&BS. We expected lowest GMV in FEP and UHR&BS, and highest volume in CC with UHR and BS in-between. Results Significantly, lower GMV was detected in FEP and UHR&BS patients relative to CC with no other significant between-group differences. When ROIs were analyzed separately, seven showed a significant group effect (FDR corrected), with five (inferior parietal, medial orbitofrontal, lateral occipital, middle temporal, precuneus) showing significantly lower GM volume in the FEP and/or UHR&BS groups than in the CC group (Bonferroni corrected). In the CHR group, only COGDIS scores correlated negatively with cortical volumes. Conclusions This is the first study to demonstrate that patients who fulfill both UHR and BS criteria – a population that has been associated with higher conversion rates – exhibit more severe GMV reductions relative to those who satisfy BS or UHR criteria alone. This result was mediated by the BS in the UHR&BS group, as only the severity of BS was linked to GMV reductions.

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