scholarly journals Do benefits of own education for cognition differ by parental education? Influence of intergenerational educational trajectories and cognitive performance in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe W. Eng ◽  
Paola Gilsanz ◽  
M. Maria Glymour ◽  
Elizabeth Rose Mayeda ◽  
Dan M. Mungas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Educational Trajectories

scholarly journals Conceptualizing the relationship between parental education and own cognition in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe W Eng ◽  
Paola Gilsanz ◽  
Elizabeth Rose Mayeda ◽  
M Maria Glymour ◽  
Dan M Mungas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

Perceived Discrimination, Nativity, and Cognitive Performance in a Multi-ethnic Study of Older Adults: Findings from the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Meza ◽  
Rachel Peterson ◽  
Paola Gilsanz ◽  
Kristen M George ◽  
Sunita J Miles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Background Despite growing research on the association between discrimination and disparities in cognitive aging, an evidence gap remains on how the association varies by racial/ethnic group. This study evaluates the associations of experiences of discrimination with cognitive function and whether these associations varied by race/ethnicity and nativity. Methods Using the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) cohort (N=1,712) with approximately equal groups of Black, White, Latino, and Asian community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older, we evaluated the associations between self-reported experiences of everyday and major lifetime discrimination with overall cognitive performance and domain-specific cognition (verbal episodic memory, semantic memory and executive functioning) across race/ethnicity and nativity. Linear regression models examined the cross-sectional association between self-reported experiences of everyday and major lifetime discrimination with z-standardized coefficients for cognition. We tested for effect modification by race and nativity. All models controlled for age, sex and education. Results Among KHANDLE participants (mean age: 76 years; standard deviation: 6.8), everyday discrimination was not associated with cognitive scores. Major lifetime discrimination was associated with better average cognitive scores among Black participants but not among other racial/ethnic groups. Major lifetime discrimination was associated with better average cognitive scores among US-born but not among non-US born individuals. Conclusion Our findings do not imply that discrimination improves cognition, but rather suggest that future research should include more detailed measures on discrimination and unfair treatment that could help disentangle the extent to which relationships are causal or reflect some other underlying factor.

Severity of Ongoing Post-Concussive Symptoms as a Predictor of Cognitive Performance Following a Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Veronik Sicard ◽  
Danielle C. Hergert ◽  
Sharvani Pabbathi Reddy ◽  
Cidney R. Robertson-Benta ◽  
Andrew B. Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Injury

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine the predictors of cognitive performance in patients with pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) and to determine whether group differences in cognitive performance on a computerized test battery could be observed between pmTBI patients and healthy controls (HC) in the sub-acute (SA) and the early chronic (EC) phases of injury. Method: 203 pmTBI patients recruited from emergency settings and 159 age- and sex-matched HC aged 8–18 rated their ongoing post-concussive symptoms (PCS) on the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory and completed the Cogstate brief battery in the SA (1–11 days) phase of injury. A subset (156 pmTBI patients; 144 HC) completed testing in the EC (∼4 months) phase. Results: Within the SA phase, a group difference was only observed for the visual learning task (One-Card Learning), with pmTBI patients being less accurate relative to HC. Follow-up analyses indicated higher ongoing PCS and higher 5P clinical risk scores were significant predictors of lower One-Card Learning accuracy within SA phase, while premorbid variables (estimates of intellectual functioning, parental education, and presence of learning disabilities or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) were not. Conclusions: The absence of group differences at EC phase is supportive of cognitive recovery by 4 months post-injury. While the severity of ongoing PCS and the 5P score were better overall predictors of cognitive performance on the Cogstate at SA relative to premorbid variables, the full regression model explained only 4.1% of the variance, highlighting the need for future work on predictors of cognitive outcomes.

scholarly journals Regional Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Aging

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117906951878515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J Catchlove ◽  
Todd B Parrish ◽  
Yufen Chen ◽  
Helen Macpherson ◽  
Matthew E Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity

scholarly journals P2-558: MEASUREMENT OF COGNITIVE HEALTH IN DIVERSE OLDER ADULTS: THE KAISER HEALTHY AGING AND DIVERSE LIFE EXPERIENCES (KHANDLE) STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. P835-P836
Author(s):  
Dan M. Mungas ◽  
Hector Hernandez Saucedo ◽  
Rachel A. Whitmer ◽  
Maria Glymour ◽  
Charlie S. DeCarli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Cognitive Health

O3-02-01: INTRODUCING THE KAISER HEALTHY AGING AND DIVERSE LIFE EXPERIENCES (KHANDLE) STUDY: LESSONS LEARNED FROM RECRUITING A COHORT DIVERSE IN RACE/ETHNICITY AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_19) ◽  
pp. P1010-P1011
Author(s):  
Sunita Miles ◽  
Paola Gilsanz ◽  
Elizabeth Rose Mayeda ◽  
Charlie S. DeCarli ◽  
Maria Glymour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Race Ethnicity

scholarly journals Effects of Blood Pressure on Cognitive Performance in Aging: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Forte ◽  
Maria Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Cognitive functions play a crucial role in daily functioning. Unfortunately, some cognitive abilities decline in the process of healthy aging. An increasing body of evidence has highlighted the role of lifestyle habits and cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, in increasing the risk of cognitive decline. Surprisingly, although hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for cerebrovascular damage, the role of hypertension on cognitive impairment development is not still clear. Several key questions remain unresolved, and there are many inconsistent results in studies considering this topic. This review is aimed to systematically analyze the results found by the studies that investigated whether high blood pressure, in both hypertensive and healthy people, is related to cognitive performance. Furthermore, it points to evaluate the role of age in this relationship. Method: The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. Restrictions were made, selecting the studies in English and published in peer-review journals, including at least one cognitive measure and blood pressure measurement. Studies that included participants with medical conditions, dementia, psychiatric disorders, strokes, and brain injury were excluded. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were analyzed separately. Finally, blood pressure measured at young life (18–39 years), midlife (age 40–64 years), elderly (65–74 years), and old age (≥75 years) were considered. Results: The review allows 68 studies to be selected, which include 154,935 participants. The results provided evidence of an adverse effect of exposure to high blood pressure on cognitive performance. High blood pressure in midlife was linked with poorer cognitive functioning; this evidence was found in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. However, this association declines with increasing age and tends to become inconsistent. In older people, the relationship between blood pressure and cognitive performance is non-linear, highlighting a beneficial effect of high blood pressure on cognition. Conclusions: Despite some limitations, this review showed that cardiovascular and neuro-cognitive systems do not operate in isolation, but they are related. Blood pressure can be considered an early biomarker of cognitive impairment, and the necessity of early blood pressure measurement and control was underlined.

scholarly journals Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Protects from Cognitive Decline in the Invecchiare in Chianti Study of Aging

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiko Tanaka ◽  
Sameera Talegawkar ◽  
Yichen Jin ◽  
Marco Colpo ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Dairy Foods ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Intake ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Adherence Group

Following a Mediterranean diet high in plant-based foods and fish, low in meat and dairy foods, and with moderate alcohol intake has been shown to promote healthy aging. Therefore, we examined the association between a Mediterranean diet and trajectories of cognitive performance in the InCHIANTI study. Subjects (N = 832) were examined every 2–3 years up to 18 years with an average follow-up period of 10.1 years. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) at every visit. Dietary habits were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and adherence to Mediterranean diet was computed on a scale of 0-9 and categorized into three groups of low (≤3), medium (4–5), and high (≥6). Those in the highest adherence group (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.29–0.79) and medium adherence group (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.41–0.99) were less likely to experience cognitive decline. The annual average decline in MMSE scores was 0.4 units, for those in the high and medium adherence group this decline was attenuated by 0.34 units (p < 0.001) and 0.16 units (p = 0.03), respectively. Our findings suggest that adherence to a Mediterranean diet can have long-lasting protective effects on cognitive decline and may be an effective strategy for the prevent or delay dementia.

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