scholarly journals The relationships of grip strength and gait speed with cognitive function in a diverse cohort: Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. George ◽  
Paola Gilsanz ◽  
Rachel Peterson ◽  
M. Maria Glymour ◽  
Elizabeth Rose Mayeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Life Experiences

scholarly journals Gait Speed Is Associated with Cognitive Function among Older Adults with HIV

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1510-1515
Author(s):  
Heather M. Derry ◽  
Carrie D. Johnston ◽  
Chelsie O. Burchett ◽  
Eugenia L. Siegler ◽  
Marshall J. Glesby
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Device Use

Objectives: To determine links between objectively and subjectively measured physical function and cognitive function among HIV-positive older adults, a growing yet understudied group with elevated risk for multimorbidity. Methods: At a biomedical research visit, 162 participants completed objective tests of gait speed (4-m walk), grip strength (dynamometer), and cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) and reported their well-being (Medical Outcomes Study-HIV survey). Results: Those with faster gait speed had better overall cognitive function than those with slower gait speed ( b = 3.98, SE = 1.30, p = .003) in an adjusted regression model controlling for age, sex, race, height, preferred language, and assistive device use. Grip strength was not significantly associated with overall cognitive function. Self-rated cognitive function was weakly related to MoCA scores ( r = .26) and gait speed ( r = .14) but was strongly associated with emotional well-being ( r = .53). Discussion: These observed, expected connections between physical and cognitive function could inform intervention strategies to mitigate age-related declines for older adults with HIV.

scholarly journals Weight management intervention identifies association of decreased DNA methylation age with improved functional age measures in older adults with obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis L. Petersen ◽  
Brock C. Christensen ◽  
John A. Batsis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Dna Methylation Age

Abstract Background Assessing functional ability is an important component of understanding healthy aging. Objective measures of functional ability include grip strength, gait speed, sit-to-stand time, and 6-min walk distance. Using samples from a weight loss clinical trial in older adults with obesity, we examined the association between changes in physical function and DNA-methylation-based biological age at baseline and 12 weeks in 16 individuals. Peripheral blood DNA methylation was measured (pre/post) with the Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC array and the Hannum, Horvath, and PhenoAge DNA methylation age clocks were used. Linear regression models adjusted for chronological age and sex tested the relationship between DNA methylation age and grip strength, gait speed, sit-to-stand, and 6-min walk. Results Participant mean weight loss was 4.6 kg, and DNA methylation age decreased 0.8, 1.1, and 0.5 years using the Hannum, Horvath, and PhenoAge DNA methylation clocks respectively. Mean grip strength increased 3.2 kg. Decreased Hannum methylation age was significantly associated with increased grip strength (β = −0.30, p = 0.04), and increased gait speed (β = 0.02, p = 0.05), in adjusted models. Similarly, decreased methylation age using the PhenoAge clock was associated with significantly increased gait speed (β = 0.02, p = 0.04). A decrease in Horvath DNA methylation age and increase in physical functional ability did not demonstrate a significant association. Conclusions The observed relationship between increased physical functional ability and decreased biological age using DNA methylation clocks demonstrate the potential utility of DNA methylation clocks to assess interventional approaches to improve health in older obese adults. Trial registration: National Institute on Aging (NIA), NCT03104192. Posted April 7, 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03104192

scholarly journals Multidimensional Sleep Health and Physical Functioning in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 428-428
Author(s):  
Caitlan Tighe ◽  
Ryan Brindle ◽  
Sarah Stahl ◽  
Meredith Wallace ◽  
Adam Bramoweth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
The United States ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Lower Extremity Strength ◽  
Sleep Parameters

Abstract Prior studies link specific sleep parameters to physical functioning in older adults. Recent work suggests the utility of examining sleep health from a multidimensional perspective, enabling consideration of an individual’s experience across multiple different sleep parameters (e.g., quality, duration, timing). We examined the associations of multidimensional sleep health with objective, performance-based measures of physical functioning in older adults. We conducted a secondary analysis of 158 adults (Mage=71.8 years; 51.9% female) who participated in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) 2 and MIDUS Refresher studies. We used data from daily diaries, wrist actigraphy, and self-report measures to derive a composite multidimensional sleep health score ranging from 0-6, with higher scores indicating better sleep health. Physical function was assessed using gait speed during a 50-foot timed walk, lower extremity strength as measured by a chair stand test, and grip strength assessed with dynamometers. We used hierarchical regression to examine the associations between sleep health and gait speed, lower extremity strength, and grip strength. Age, sex, race, education, depression symptoms, medical comorbidity, and body mass index were covariates in each model. In adjusted analyses, better multidimensional sleep health was significantly associated with faster gait speed (B=.03, p=.01). Multidimensional sleep health was not significantly associated with lower limb strength (B=-.12, p=.89) or grip strength (B=.45, p=.40). Gait speed is a key indicator of functional capacity as well as morbidity and mortality in older adults. Multidimensional sleep health may be a therapeutic target for improving physical functioning and health in older adults.

scholarly journals Prognostic value of cardio-hepatic-skeletal muscle syndrome in patients with heart failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Noda ◽  
Kentaro Kamiya ◽  
Nobuaki Hamazaki ◽  
Kohei Nozaki ◽  
Takafumi Ichikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Liver Dysfunction ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Function Test ◽  
End Stage

AbstractAlthough heart failure (HF) and liver dysfunction often coexist because of complex cardiohepatic interactions, the association between liver dysfunction and physical dysfunction, and between coexistence of both and prognosis in HF patients remains unclear. We reviewed 895 patients with HF (mean age, 69.4 ± 14.2 years) who underwent liver function test using model for end-stage liver disease excluding international normalized ratio (MELD-XI) score and physical function test (grip strength, leg strength, gait speed, and 6-min walking distance [6MWD]). In the multiple regression analysis, MELD-XI score was independently associated with lower grip strength, leg strength, gait speed, and 6MWD (all P < 0.001). One hundred thirty deaths occurred over a median follow-up period of 1.67 years (interquartile range: 0.62–3.04). For all-cause mortality, patients with high MELD-XI scores and reduced physical functions were found to have a significantly higher mortality risk even after adjusting for several covariates (grip strength, hazard ratio [HR]: 3.80, P < 0.001; leg strength, HR: 4.65, P < 0.001; gait speed, HR: 2.49, P = 0.001, and 6MWD, HR: 5.48, P < 0.001). Liver dysfunction was correlated with reduced physical function. Moreover, the coexistence of lower physical function and liver dysfunction considerably affected prognosis in patients with HF.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Trajectories and Associated Changes in Physical Performance in Older Men: The MrOS Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1967-1973
Author(s):  
Deepika R Laddu ◽  
Neeta Parimi ◽  
Katie L Stone ◽  
Jodi Lapidus ◽  
Andrew R Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Activity Group ◽  
Low Activity

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) is important to maintaining functional independence. It is not clear how patterns of change in late-life PA are associated with contemporaneous changes in physical performance measures. Methods Self-reported PA, gait speed, grip strength, timed chair stand, and leg power were assessed in 3,865 men aged ≥ 65 years at baseline (2000–2002) and Year 7 (2007–2009). Group-based trajectory modeling, using up to four PA measures over this period, identified PA trajectories. Multivariate linear regression models (adjusted least square mean [95% confidence interval {CI}]) described associations between-PA trajectories and concurrent changes in performance. Results Three discrete PA patterns were identified, all with declining PA. Linear declines in each performance measure (baseline to Year 7) were observed across all three PA groups, but there was some variability in the rate of decline. Multivariate models assessing the graded response by PA trajectory showed a trend where the high-activity group had the smallest declines in performance while the low-activity group had the largest (p-for trend &lt; .03). Changes in the high-activity group were the following: gait speed (−0.10 m/s [−0.12, −0.08]), grip strength (−3.79 kg [−4.35, −3.23]), and chair stands (−0.38 [−0.50, −0.25]), whereas changes in the low-activity group were the following: gait speed (−0.16 [−0.17, −0.14]), grip strength (−4.83 kg [−5.10, −4.55]), and chair stands (−0.53 [−0.59, −0.46]). Between-group differences in leg power trajectories across PA patterns were not significant. Conclusions Declines in functional performance were higher among those with lower PA trajectories, providing further evidence for the interrelationship between changes in PA and performance during old age.

154 The Feasibility of Assessing Sarcopenia Among Older People with Arm Fracture Using Different Criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i12-i42
Author(s):  
K Ibrahim ◽  
M A Mullee ◽  
G Lily Yao ◽  
S Zhu ◽  
M Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
European Working ◽  
Hand Dynamometer ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Introduction Osteoporosis and sarcopenia often co-exist (osteo-sarcopenia) and both are associated with increased risk of falls and fractures. Early identification and treatment of sarcopenia among older people with fragility arm fractures could prevent further fractures. This study evaluated the feasibility of assessing sarcopenia in a fracture clinic. Methods People aged 65+ years with arm fracture attending fracture clinics in one acute trust were recruited. Sarcopenia was assessed using gait speed, grip strength with unfractured arm (hand dynamometer using appropriate cut off adjusted for age and gender), skeletal muscle mass index SMI (Bioimpedance BIA), SARC-F questionnaire, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) I and II criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of each measure was calculated against the EWGSOP II criteria as the standard reference. Results 100 patients (Mean age 75 years±7.2; 80 female) were recruited. Sarcopenia was identified among 4% (EWGSOP I), 5% (SMI), 13% (EWGSOP II), 16% (gait speed test), 18% (SARC-F) and 39% (grip strength) and was more prevalent among men. SARC-F had the best sensitivity and specificity (100% and 96% respectively) when compared to the EWGSOP II criteria. Sensitivity and specificity for the remaining measures were respectively (100%, 71%) for grip strength, (75%, 94%) for gait speed, (25%, 97%) with SMI and (25%, 99%) for EWGSOP I. Time needed to complete the assessments was 1–2 minutes for gait speed, grip strength and SARC-F; five minutes for BIA test, and nine minutes when EWGSOP I and II criteria were applied. Data were complete for grip strength and SARC-F. Missing data was reported among 2% for gait speed, 8% for BIA test, 8% for EWGSOP II and 10% for EWGSOP I. Conclusion It was feasible to assess sarcopenia in fracture clinics and SARC-F was a quick, simple and sensitive tool suitable for routine use.

Abstract TP138: Repeated Bilateral Multifocal Cortical Magnetic Stimulation with a New Wearable Transcranial Stimulator in Chronic Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Helekar ◽  
Blessy John ◽  
Rafferty Laredo ◽  
Cynthia Card ◽  
Charles McCane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
In Cis

Introduction: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment of ipsilesional (IL) or contralesional (CL) cortex combined with occupational/physical therapy (OT/PT) shows significant promise in chronic ischemic stroke (CIS). Here we describe a multifocal cortical magnetic stimulation protocol with a new wearable device called transcranial rotating permanent magnet stimulator (TRPMS) for a pilot clinical trial in CIS, and present preliminary results in one patient. Hypothesis: Simultaneous repeated excitatory and inhibitory stimulations of IL and CL cortical sites, respectively cause perilesional functional cortical reorganization with recovery of motor function in CIS. Methods: After informed consent, we treated a 58-year old male patient with a right middle cerebral artery thromboembolic infarct causing left sided hemiparesis. At the start of TRPMS treatment 19 months after the stroke he had a stable baseline on motor function tests. The treatment consisted of 4 two-week sessions (with intervening one-week rest periods) of daily (on week days) 40 min TRPMS stimulation (5 Hz, 25 ms pulse duration at 4 perilesional cortical sites, and 0.2 Hz, 100 ms pulse duration at 2 CL primary motor cortical sites) accompanied by OT/PT. Pretreatment, posttreatment and follow-up assessments were functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during attempted gripping movements, and grip strength, gait speed and Fugl-Meyer (FM) scale testing. Results: After the 2 nd treatment session movement-related fMRI showed increasing levels of neural activation of the stimulated intact cortex surrounding the lesion. Grip strength of the affected hand increased ~2.5 fold. Gait speed increased by ~15%. Left lower extremity motor function and sensation measures on the FM scale showed sustained increase by ~17% and ~30%, respectively. These changes persisted above the pretreatment levels at the 3-month follow-up. There were no adverse effects. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the new TRPMS protocol might bring about some degree of functional cortical reorganization and motor recovery in CIS. We have therefore launched a randomized double-blind sham treatment-controlled clinical trial involving a four-week TRPMS treatment in 30 CIS patients.

Diet, Healthy Aging, and Cognitive Function

2019 ◽  
pp. 321-336
Author(s):  
Krasimira Aleksandrova ◽  
George Pounis ◽  
Romina di Giuseppe
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Healthy Aging

scholarly journals Urban-rural differences in the prevalence of muscle weakness and slow gait speed: A cross-sectional analysis from the NHANES (2001-2002 and 2011-2014)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
J.J. Aziz ◽  
K.F. Reid ◽  
J.A. Batsis ◽  
R.A. Fielding
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Comorbidity Burden ◽  
Urban Rural

Background: Older adults living in rural areas suffer from health inequities compared to their urban counterparts. These include comorbidity burden, poor diet, and physical inactivity, which are also risk factors for sarcopenia, for which muscle weakness and slow gait speed are domains. To date, no study has examined urban-rural differences in the prevalence of muscle weakness and slow gait speed in older adults living in the United States. Objective: To compare the prevalence of grip strength weakness and slow gait speed between urban and rural older adults living in the United States. Design: A cross-sectional, secondary data analysis of two cohorts from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), using gait speed or grip strength data, and urban-rural residency, dietary, examination, questionnaire and demographic data. Participants: 2,923 adults (≥ 60 yrs.). Measures: Grip weakness was defined as either, an absolute grip strength of <35 kg. and <20 kg. or grip strength divided by body mass index (GripBMI) of <1.05 and <0.79 for men and women, respectively. Slow gait speed was defined as a usual gait speed of ≤0.8m/s. Results: The prevalence of GripBMI weakness was significantly higher in urban compared to rural participants (27.4% vs. 19.2%; p=0.001), whereas their absolute grip strength was lower (31.75(±0.45) vs. 33.73(±0.48)). No urban-rural differences in gait speed were observed. Conclusions: Older adults residing in urban regions of the United States were weaker compared to their rural counterparts. This report is the first to describe urban-rural differences in handgrip strength and slow gait speed in older adults living in the United States.

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