scholarly journals A systematic review on the potential role of APOE genotype as a moderator in the relationship between physical activity, brain health and dementia risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaisalmer de Frutos ◽  
Juan Manuel Serrano Rodriguez ◽  
Fernando Maestú ◽  
Simon M Laws ◽  
Belinda M Brown
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Does APOE genotype moderate the relationship between physical activity, brain health and dementia risk? A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 101173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaisalmer de Frutos-Lucas ◽  
Natalie Frost ◽  
Kirk I. Erickson ◽  
Juan M Serrano ◽  
Fernando Maestu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Does apolipoprotein E genotype moderate the association between physical activity and brain health? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Mark Pearce ◽  
Calum Marr ◽  
Michaela Dewar ◽  
Alan J. Gow
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
E4 Allele ◽  
Post Hoc

Introduction: Possession of one or two e4 alleles of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk. Some evidence suggests that physical activity may benefit carriers of the e4 allele differently.Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies which assessed APOE differences in the association between physical activity and: lipid profile, Alzheimer’s disease pathology, brain structure and brain function in healthy adults. Searches were carried out in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science and PsycInfo.Results: Thirty studies were included from 4896 papers screened. Carriers of the e4 allele gained the same benefit from physical activity as non-carriers on most outcomes. For brain activation, e4 carriers appeared to gain a greater benefit from physical activity in activation and functional connectivity compared to non-carriers. Post hoc analysis identified possible compensatory mechanisms allowing e4 carriers to maintain cognitive function.Discussion: Though there is evidence suggesting physical activity may benefit e4 carriers differently compared to non-carriers, this may vary by the specific brain health outcome, perhaps limited to brain activation. Further research is required to confirm these findings and elucidate the mechanisms.

scholarly journals Light-intensity physical activity and mental ill health: a systematic review of observational studies in the general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireia Felez-Nobrega ◽  
Judit Bort-Roig ◽  
Ruimin Ma ◽  
Eugenia Romano ◽  
Matthew Faires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
General Population ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Most of theevidence has focused on examining the influence of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity on mental health, but he role of light intensity physical activity (LIPA) is less understood. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the relationship between time spent in LIPA and mental ill health across the lifespan. Methods Data were obtained from online databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo and CINAHL). The search and collection of eligible studies was conducted up to May 28, 2020. Observational studies conducted in the general population and reporting on the association between LIPA (1.6–2.9 metabolic equivalents; either self-reported or device-based measured) and mental ill health were included. Results Twenty-two studies were included in the review (16 cross-sectional and 6 longitudinal). In older adults (≥ 65 years) and adults (18–64 years), the evidence examining the relationship between LIPA and depressive symptoms is mixed. Data on anxiety, psychological distress and overall mental health are scarce, and results are inconclusive. There is no evidence suggesting favorable associations between LIPA and anxiety in college students. Finally, very limited data was found in adolescents (11–17 years) (n = 2 studies) and children (6–10 years) (n = 2 studies), but the evidence suggests that LIPA does not influence mental health outcomes in these age groups. Conclusions This review provided mostly cross-sectional evidence indicating that LIPA may not be associated with mental health outcomes across age groups. Future research efforts employing prospective research designs are warranted to better understand the role of LIPA on mental ill health across age groups.

A literature review on firms' internationalisation through e-commerce

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Federica De Vanna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
International Business ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of e-commerce has brought considerable changes to the relationship between firms and consumers, especially within international business. Hence, understanding the use of such means for entering foreign markets has become critical for companies. However, the research on this issue is new and so it is important to evaluate what has been studied in the past. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of e-commerce and internationalisation studies to explicate how firms use e-commerce to enter new markets and to export. The studies are classified by theories and methods used in the literature. Moreover, we draw upon the internationalisation decision process (antecedents-modalities-consequences) to propose an integrative framework for understanding the role of e-commerce in internationalisation

Systematic review and meta-analysis of Altruistic and Game-playing Love

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Dabiriyan Tehrani ◽  
Sara Yamini
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Game Playing ◽  
Love Styles ◽  
Collectivistic Culture ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

This systematic review aimed to find attitudes toward Altruistic and Game-playing love styles across individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Addressing major moderators concerning Altruistic and Game-playing love styles are the secondary objectives of this review. This review included 102 articles comprising samples from 37 countries (N = 41997). The findings of this meta-analysis show that there is a collectivistic and individualistic difference in Game-playing but not in the Altruistic love style. Collectivistic and individualistic cultures, on average, demonstrate the same perception concerning the Altruistic love style, whereas collectivistic culture shows the Game-playing love style more strongly. To explain the role of moderators in key measures, the subgroup analysis and meta-regression show that both Game-playing and Altruistic love styles decline by increasing the length of the relationship. Likewise, having children affects these love styles such that the Altruistic love style is improved, and the Game-playing love style is reduced by the presence of children in families.

Cardiac interoception in neurological conditions and its relevance for dimensional approaches

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Yoris ◽  
Adolfo M. García ◽  
Paula Celeste Salamone ◽  
Lucas Sedeño ◽  
Indira García-Cordero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Source ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

Dimensional and transdiagnostic approaches have revealed multiple cognitive/emotional alterations shared by several neuropsychiatric conditions. While this has been shown for externally triggered neurocognitive processes, the disruption of interoception across neurological disorders remains poorly understood. This chapter aims to fill this gap while proposing cardiac interoception as a potential common biomarker across disorders. It focuses on key aspects of interoception, such as the mechanisms underlying different interoceptive dimensions; the relationship among interoception, emotion, and social cognition; and the roles of different interoceptive pathways. It considers behavioral and brain evidence in the context of an experimental and clinical agenda to evaluate the potential role of interoception as a predictor of clinical outcomes, a marker of neurocognitive deficits across diseases, and a general source of insights for breakthroughs in the treatment and prevention of multiple disorders. Finally, future directions to improve the dimensional and transdiagnostic assessment of interoception are outlined.

scholarly journals Emotional Regulation and Overeating Behaviors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Francesca Favieri ◽  
Andrea Marini ◽  
Maria Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

The worldwide prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased, mostly in children and adolescents. The Emotional Eating theoretical model has proposed that the failure in emotional regulation could represent a risk factor for establishing maladaptive overeating behavior that represents an inadequate response to negative emotions and allows increasing body-weight. This systematic review investigates the relationship between overeating and both emotional regulation and emotional intelligence in childhood and adolescence, considering both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Moreover, another goal of the review is evaluating whether emotional regulation and emotional intelligence can cause overeating behaviors. The systematic search was conducted according to the PRISMA-statement in the databases Medline, PsychArtcles, PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, and allows 484 records to be extracted. Twenty-six studies were selected according to inclusion (e.g., studies focused on children and adolescents without clinical conditions; groups of participants overweight or with obesity) and exclusion (e.g., studies that adopted qualitative assessment or cognitive-affective tasks to measure emotional variables; reviews, commentary, or brief reports) criteria detailed in the methods. Cross-sectional studies showed a negative association between emotional regulation and overeating behavior that was confirmed by longitudinal studies. These findings highlighted the role of maladaptive emotion regulation on overeating and being overweight. The relationship between these constructs in children and adolescents was consistent. The results indicated the complexity of this association, which would be influenced by many physiological, psychological, and social factors. These findings underline the need for further studies focused on emotion regulation in the development of overeating. They should analyze the mediation role of other variables (e.g., attachment style, peer pressure) and identify interventions to prevent and reduce worldwide overweight prevalence.

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on metaphor comprehension in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: Do task properties matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1421-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Kalandadze ◽  
Valentina Bambini ◽  
Kari-Anne B. Næss
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Response Format ◽  
Metaphor Comprehension ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience difficulty in comprehending metaphors compared to individuals with typical development (TD). However, there is a large variation in the results across studies, possibly related to the properties of the metaphor tasks. This preregistered systematic review and meta-analysis (a) explored the properties of the metaphor tasks used in ASD research, and (b) investigated the group difference between individuals with ASD and TD on metaphor comprehension, as well as the relationship between the task properties and any between-study variation. A systematic search was undertaken in seven relevant databases. Fourteen studies fulfilled our predetermined inclusion criteria. Across tasks, we detected four types of response format and a great variety of metaphors in terms of familiarity, syntactic structure, and linguistic context. Individuals with TD outperformed individuals with ASD on metaphor comprehension (Hedges’ g = −0.63). Verbal explanation response format was utilized in the study showing the largest effect size in the group comparison. However, due to the sparse experimental manipulations, the role of task properties could not be established. Future studies should consider and report task properties to determine their role in metaphor comprehension, and to inform experimental paradigms as well as educational assessment.

scholarly journals How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: a systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (16) ◽  
pp. 1039-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilson Marques ◽  
Diana A Santos ◽  
Charles H Hillman ◽  
Luís B Sardinha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveThis report aimed to systematically review the evidence for a differential association between objective and self-reported physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on academic achievement.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesStudies were identified from searches in Embase, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTdiscus and Web of Science databases from January 2000 to December 2016.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligibility criteria included cross-sectional, longitudinal and interventional study designs. Outcomes included students’ school grade or a standardised test or measure of academic achievement. Explanatory variables were cardiorespiratory fitness and objective and self-reported physical activity. Inclusion criteria included school-aged children and adolescents aged–18 years (or students from primary to secondary school when student’s participants age was not described) and articles published in English, Portuguese or Spanish.ResultsA total of 51 articles met inclusion criteria: 41 cross-sectional, 2 intervention and 8 longitudinal studies. Results from 11 studies were inconsistent regarding the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and academic achievement. Ten of the 16 articles reported positive associations between self-reported physical activity and academic achievement. From the 22 studies that analysed the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic achievement, it was verified that they all generally support the beneficial effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on students’ academic achievement.ConclusionHigher cardiorespiratory fitness may be important to enhance children and adolescents’ health and, additionally, academic achievement. Due to a lack of consensus across studies, methodological issues associated with the assessment of physical activity should be considered when investigating physical activity and academic achievement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document