Isotopic evidence for divergent diets and mobility patterns in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile, during the Late Intermediate Period (AD 900-1450)

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Santana-Sagredo ◽  
Julia A. Lee-Thorp ◽  
Rick Schulting ◽  
Mauricio Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Late Intermediate Period ◽  
Isotopic Evidence ◽  
Intermediate Period

Dietary diversity in the Atacama desert during the Late intermediate period of northern Chile

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 54-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta P. Alfonso-Durruty ◽  
Eugenia M. Gayo ◽  
Vivien Standen ◽  
Victoria Castro ◽  
Claudio Latorre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Late Intermediate Period ◽  
Intermediate Period

Paired Radiocarbon Dating on Human Samples and Camelid Fibers and Textiles from Northern Chile: The Case of Pica 8 (Tarapacá)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Santana-Sagredo ◽  
Rick Schulting ◽  
Julia Lee-Thorp ◽  
Carolina Agüero ◽  
Mauricio Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
High Variability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Late Intermediate Period ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Diachronic Change ◽  
Bird Guano

AbstractPica 8 is a Late Intermediate Period (AD 900–1450) cemetery located in the Atacama Desert. Burials at the site present unexpectedly high variability in δ13C (–8‰ to –16‰) and δ15N (10‰ to 24‰) values in their skeletal tissues, implying highly diverse diets. There are two possible explanations for this variability: the first is diachronic change in diet while the second involves synchronic sociocultural distinctions. To distinguish between them a radiocarbon (14C) dating program (n=23) was initiated. The presumed importance of marine foods adds the complication of a marine reservoir effect. To address this problem, paired 14C dates were obtained on human bone and camelid textiles from nine graves. The results fall into two groups, one showing an average offset of 117±9 14C yr, and the other no statistically significant offsets. We conclude that the contribution of marine foods to bone collagen at Pica 8 was less than previously supposed. Other factors must be invoked to account for the unusually high human δ15N values at the site. Manuring crops with sea-bird guano emerges as a probable explanation. No relationship with chronology is seen implying the presence of considerable diversity in diets and hence lifeways within the Pica 8 community.

A Reevaluation of the Absolute Chronology of Cabuza and Related Ceramic Styles of the Azapa Valley, Northern Chile

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Korpisaari ◽  
Markku Oinonen ◽  
Juan Chacama
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Bayesian Probability ◽  
The Political ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Middle Horizon ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Late Intermediate Period ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
The Absolute

The nature and extent of the political and cultural influence of the Tiwanaku state (ca. A.D. 500—1100) in the Azapa Valley of northern Chile are debated topics. The absolute chronology of these contacts also remains somewhat unclear. Much of the debate has centered on the origins and chronological position of the Tiwanaku-related black-on-red ceramic style called Cabuza. In order to reevaluate the chronological position of the Cabuza, Maytas-Chiribaya, and San Miguel ceramic styles and associated cultural phases of the Azapa Valley, we obtained a total of 16 new radiocarbon dates for the Azapa-6, Azapa- 71a, Azapa-141, and Azapa-143 cemeteries. All but one sample dated to the Late Intermediate period (ca.A.D. 1000-1450). We compare our results with previously published radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates and carry out Bayesian probability calculations, establishing the most likely chronological ranges for the three ceramic styles. Based on this research, we argue that the undeniable Tiwanaku influence seen in the Azapa Valley more likely reflects processes set in motion by the collapse of the Tiwanaku state rather than an attempt to colonize or indirectly control the Azapa Valley during the Middle Horizon (ca. A.D. 550-1000).

scholarly journals A perched, high-elevation wetland complex in the Atacama Desert (northern Chile) and its implications for past human settlement

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Sitzia ◽  
Eugenia M. Gayo ◽  
Marcela Sepulveda ◽  
Juan S. González ◽  
Lucia Ibañez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Impermeable Barrier ◽  
Direct Precipitation ◽  
Wetland Complex ◽  
Regional Water

AbstractA previously undocumented type of wetland is described from the Atacama Desert in northern Chile (3000 m above sea level), sustained exclusively by direct precipitation and perched above the regional water table. Geomorphological mapping, pedostratigraphy, geochemistry, and analysis of contemporary vegetation is used to understand wetland formation and dynamics during historical and present time periods. The paleowetland deposits overlie a Miocene tuff that acts as an impermeable barrier to water transfer and creates conditions for local shallow ground water. These deposits include several paleosols that were formed during periods when precipitation increased regionally at 7755–7300, 1270, 545, and 400–300 cal yr BP. The similarity in timing with other palaeohydrological records for the Atacama implies that paleosols from this wetland are proxies for reconstructing past changes in local and regional hydrological cycle. Archaeological investigations have revealed the presence of two small farms from the Late Intermediate period, i.e., during the earliest wetter phase represented by the paleosols. Both farms are located near the paleowetland deposits, which suggests that local inhabitants exploited these water sources during late pre-Hispanic times. Results of this study improve knowledge of settlement patterns during this and earlier cultural periods.

CONFOUNDINGLY COMPLEX EXPOSURE HISTORIES REVEALED BY 21NE AND 10BE ABUNDANCES IN ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS OF THE ATACAMA DESERT, NORTHERN CHILE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Cross Jungers ◽  
◽  
Arjun M. Heimsath ◽  
Ronald Amundson ◽  
Greg Balco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Alluvial Deposits

Potential of arsenic bioremediation by a cyanobacterium isolated from the Salado River in the Atacama Desert

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Pablo Pérez-Portilla ◽  
Juan Araya ◽  
Karem Gallardo ◽  
Adriana Aránguiz-Acuña
Keyword(s):  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Northern Chile ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic ◽  
Salado River ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Cyanobacteria and microalgae are recognized as excellent metal(loid)s-bioremediators of aquatic systems. We isolated a cyanobacterium from the Salado River in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile, which was identified as Cyanobium sp. Growth inhibition bioassays were conducted with arsenic and cadmium, and tolerance of Cyanobium to these metals was estimated. Removal of arsenic was assessed under different pH conditions and over time. We showed that the Cyanobium strain isolated from the Salado River has a greater tolerance to the arsenic and cadmium compounds than other species commonly used in metal(loid)s-bioremediation. Removal of up to 90% of arsenic was obtained in alkaline conditions, within the first 3 hours of exposure suggesting that Cyanobium sp. isolated from the Atacama Desert could be further studied with biotechnological purposes and to understand the evolutionary mechanisms of adaption to arid environments.

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