Food availability, plant diversity, and vegetation structure drive behavioral and ecological variation in Endangered Coimbra‐Filho's titi monkeys

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
João P. Souza‐Alves ◽  
Renata R. D. Chagas ◽  
Marina M. Santana ◽  
Sarah A. Boyle ◽  
Bruna M. Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Ecological Variation ◽  
Titi Monkeys

scholarly journals The influence of soil on vegetation structure and plant diversity in different tropical savannic and forest habitats

2016 ◽  
pp. rtw135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscyla Maria Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud Schaefer ◽  
Jhonathan de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Walnir Gomes Ferreira Júnior ◽  
Rubens Manoel dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Forest Habitats

Effects of fire, food availability and vegetation on the distribution of the rodent Bolomys lasiurus in an Amazonian savanna

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Maria Guedes Layme ◽  
Albertina Pimentel Lima ◽  
William Ernest Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Insect Abundance ◽  
Habitat Suitability Models

We investigated the relative influences of vegetation cover, invertebrate biomass as an index of food availability and the short-term effects of fires on the spatial variation in densities of the rodent Bolomys lasiurus in an Amazonian savanna. Densities were evaluated in 31 plots of 4 ha distributed over an area of approximately 10×10 km. The cover of the tall grass (Trachypogon plumosus), short grass (Paspalum carinatum), shrubs and the extent of fire did not explain the variance in densities of Bolomys lasiurus. Food availability alone explained about 53% of the variance in B. lasiurus densities, and there was no significant relationship between insect abundance and vegetation structure. Fires had little short-term impact on the density of Bolomys lasiurus in the area we studied. As the species appears to respond principally to food availability, habitat suitability models based on easily recorded vegetation-structure variables, or the frequency of disturbance by fire, may not be effective in predicting the distribution of the species within savannas.

scholarly journals Diversity of vascular plant communities along a disturbance gradient in a central mid-hill community forest of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Baral ◽  
K Katzensteiner
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Community Forest Management ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Understorey Vegetation ◽  
Disturbance Gradient

The ‘Community Forestry Program' has been considered successful in improving the environmental situation in the hills of Nepal by enhancing the vegetation coverage of degraded sites and by improving the supply of forest products to farmers. The restoration measures are considered sustainable if the ecosystems are self-supporting and resilient against perturbation. A community forest (CF) in the mid-hills of Nepal has been assessed for restoration success based on the comparison of vegetation structure and species diversity along a disturbance gradient, using a semi-protected natural forest as a reference site. In general, the community forest management (CFM) was able to re-establish forests on formerly severely degraded sites. Forest operations carried out during CFM have altered plant community composition, species richness and distribution, age class distribution of trees and vegetation structure. As a result, the CF was being transformed into a less diverse regular forest although the overall vascular plant diversity was retained with sufficient niches within the understorey vegetation. Keywords: Central mid-hills, community forest, disturbance regimes, Nepal, plant diversity doi: 10.3126/banko.v19i1.2176 Banko Janakari, Vol. 19, No. 1, 3-10

Effect of free-ranging dogs and cats on medium-sized wild mammal assemblages in urban protected areas of a Mexican city

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isac Mella-Méndez ◽  
Rafael Flores-Peredo ◽  
Beatriz Bolívar-Cimé ◽  
Guillermo Vázquez-Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Wild Mammal ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Mammal Assemblages ◽  
Free Ranging

Abstract ContextUrban protected areas (PAs) are the habitat of several Neotropical medium-sized wild mammal (MSWM) species. However, this richness is seriously threatened by the growing populations of free-ranging dogs and cats in these areas. AimsThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of free-ranging dogs and cats on the assemblage structure of MSWM in PAs of Xalapa city, Veracruz, Mexico. MethodsCamera traps were used to assess the effect of abundance and activity of dogs and cats on richness, abundance, dominance and activity of MSWM across two urban and three peri-urban PAs. The effect of plant diversity, vegetation structure and PA on mammal richness, activity and abundance were also evaluated. Key resultsThe dominance of MSWM was higher in peri-urban areas than urban areas, and the activity of dogs and cats from peri-urban and urban PAs was similar with wildest MSWM. Only inside urban areas did the size of the area and the dogs’ activity have a negative effect on the richness, activity and abundance of MSWM. Moreover, the activity and abundance of cats also had a negative effect on the activity of MSWM in urban PAs. The presence of dogs affected the latency of appearance of MSWM. ConclusionsThe presence of free-ranging dogs and cats in urban PAs affects MSWM assemblages and their appearance latency. ImplicationsThe potential harm of free-ranging dogs and cats on the community of MSWM in urban areas is clear, as is the need for increased scientific research to aid in the control of these exotic species in urban landscapes.

Determinants of diversity in afrotropical herbivorous insects (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): plant diversity, vegetation structure or abiotic factors?

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan C. Axmacher ◽  
Gunnar Brehm ◽  
Andreas Hemp ◽  
Henry Tünte ◽  
Herbert V. M. Lyaruu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Herbivorous Insects

Ants Visible from Space Influence Soil Properties and Vegetation in Steppe Rangelands of Iran

Sociobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Jonathan David Majer ◽  
Donat Agosti
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Ant Nests

Messor nests in Iranian steppe rangelands can be so large that they are visible from space. When compared with reference soils, nest soil is higher in nutrients and lower in pH. Ant nests also homogenise the nutrients throughout the upper soil profile, although this effect diminished when nests are abandoned. The denuded circles around nests are surrounded by rings of vegetation that differ in species composition from that of the surrounding vegetation, while abandoned nests are colonized by a different range of plant species. Data on the density and abundance of Messor cf. intermedius nests indicate that the soil in less than 1% of the area is impacted, although the cumulative effect of so many nests influences the plant species and vegetation structure of the region. The data indicate the importance of these ants in altering soil chemical composition and plant diversity, which could have flow-on effects to the diversity of animals.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Effects of Tamarix aphylla Afforestation in a Sand Dune Environment on Vegetation Structure and Plant Diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofir Katz ◽  
Ilan Stavi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Salt Accumulation ◽  
Percent Decrease

Abstract One method of controlling dune encroachment is afforestation, which may result in biodiversity loss because of habitat change and adverse effects of trees on ecosystem functioning. We carried out a study on the effects of planting discrete areas with Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karsten trees, over 50 years ago, in a semiarid dunefield in the northern Negev, Israel. We surveyed the vegetation and sampled litter and soil in five microhabitats formed by this afforestation scheme. Afforestation had spatially and functionally hierarchical effects on vegetation and plant diversity. The strongest effect was associated with land-use change, showing reduced species richness (by 30–50 percent) and litter production following afforestation. The second strongest effect was associated with salt accumulation in T. aphylla leaves and litter, which increases soil salinity under T. aphylla canopies by 4–5, forming “salinity islands,” and leading to over 30 percent decrease in plant cover and aboveground biomass. The assumed effect of trees in blocking solar irradiance and wind was observed only outside canopies and had a weak impact on plant cover. Therefore, afforestation can increase plant diversity at the regional scale, but at the local (microhabitat) scale it has an overall adverse effect on measured ecosystem functions.

scholarly journals Plant diversity, functional traits and soil conditions of grass savannas on lateritic crusts (bowé) in south eastern Burkina Faso

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Alexandra Zwarg ◽  
Marco Schmidt ◽  
Thomas Janßen ◽  
Karen Hahn ◽  
Georg Zizka
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
National Park ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Landscape Elements ◽  
C4 Species ◽  
C And N ◽  
High Share

Grass savannas on lateritic crusts are characteristic landscape elements of the Sudanian savannas. In the W National Park and its surroundings in SE-Burkina Faso, plant diversity of savannas on and adjacent to bowé was assessed by a survey of 19 bowal areas with relevés along transects in each of these. The vegetation structure and species composition of the herb and shrub strata, soil depth, particle size and the concentration of Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, H+, C and N were recorded on each bowal and its surroundings. Our results show that soils on lateritic crusts are rather shallow and acidic compared to the surrounding savanna woodlands. Nutrient availability is hence comparatively low. The observed flora comprises 130 species mainly belonging to the families Combretaceae, Cyperaceae, Leguminosae and Poaceae with a predominance of therophytes and a comparatively high share of C4 species. In the pastures surrounding the National Park a higher species richness was found than inside the Park due to the occurrence of pioneers, ruderal and unpalatable plants. Savannas on lateritic crusts exhibit due to their extreme edaphic and hydrological conditions a specific flora distinct from their surroundings.

scholarly journals Vegetation structure and composition in Ciletuh Geopark, Sukabumi, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
INDRI WULANDARI ◽  
RANDI HENDRAWAN ◽  
TEGUH HUSODO ◽  
ERRI N. MEGANTARA
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Coastal Vegetation ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Community Data

Wulandari I, Hendrawan R, Husodo T, Megantara EN. 2018. Vegetation structure and composition in Ciletuh Geopark, Sukabumi, Indonesia. Asian J For 2: 54-61. Ciletuh Geopark has unique geological exposures and plant diversity that need to be maintained and managed to provide benefits, both to the environment and society. In order to manage plant diversity, the plant species that make up the area need to be identified. This research was conducted to determine the community structure and plants diversity of the Ciletuh Geopark. The results of the study were used as basic data in determining the pattern of biodiversity management in Ciletuh Geopark. The method used is a qualitative method, through an inventory of plant species and illustrating the vegetation profile diagram. Vegetation profile diagrams represent a vertical structure of the vegetation community. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively by describing vegetation conditions. Ciletuh Geopark has four types of communities, namely natural forests, horticultural gardens (gardens, humas, and fields), kebon tatangkalan (talun), coastal vegetation and mangroves. Ciletuh Geopark has 179 plant species, from understorey to trees. In this location, there has been a change in species diversity, which is dominated by crop plant species. However, based on its conservation status, there were also plants protected by the Indonesian government, namely Rafflesia patma.

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