scholarly journals Dexterity and technique in termite fishing by chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes troglodytes ) in the Goualougo Triangle, Republic of Congo

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio J. Osuna‐Mascaró ◽  
Camila Ortiz ◽  
Caroline Stolz ◽  
Stephanie Musgrave ◽  
Crickette M. Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Troglodytes

scholarly journals Intercommunity interactions and killings in central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) from Loango National Park, Gabon

Primates ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Martínez-Íñigo ◽  
Pauline Baas ◽  
Harmonie Klein ◽  
Simone Pika ◽  
Tobias Deschner
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
National Park ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Encounter Rate ◽  
Visual Contact ◽  
Intergroup Interactions ◽  
Killing Rate ◽  
The Core ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Troglodytes

AbstractIntercommunity competition in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) has been widely studied in eastern (P. t. schweinfurthii) and western (P. t. verus) communities. Both subspecies show hostility towards neighboring communities but differ in rates of lethal attacks and female involvement. However, relatively little is known about the territorial behavior of the two other subspecies, central (P. t. troglodytes) and Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (P. t. ellioti). Here, we present the first insights into intercommunity interactions of individuals of a community of central chimpanzees living in the Loango National Park in Gabon. The presence of individuals of neighboring communities in the Rekambo home range was assessed using 27 camera traps. Information was compiled on intergroup interactions recorded before (2005–2016) and after (January 2017–June 2019) the habituation of the community. Individuals from neighboring communities entered the core area, where nine out of 16 recorded intercommunity encounters occurred. Males were the main participants in territorial patrols and intercommunity aggressions. Females were part of all six territorial patrols recorded and dependent offspring participated in five patrols. Females were involved in intercommunity aggression in five out of twelve recorded encounters in which there was visual contact between communities. While the intercommunity encounter rate was lower than that reported across most other long-term chimpanzee sites, the annual intercommunity killing rate was among the highest. These results suggest that the frequency of lethal attacks at Loango is comparable to that reported for the eastern subspecies. In contrast, female involvement in intercommunity interactions mirrors that of the western subspecies.

scholarly journals Identification of Structural Variation in Chimpanzees Using Optical Mapping and Nanopore Sequencing

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela C. Soto ◽  
Colin Shew ◽  
Mira Mastoras ◽  
Joshua M. Schmidt ◽  
Ruta Sahasrabudhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Optical Mapping ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Nanopore Sequencing ◽  
Great Ape ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Short Read ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Troglodytes

Recent efforts to comprehensively characterize great ape genetic diversity using short-read sequencing and single-nucleotide variants have led to important discoveries related to selection within species, demographic history, and lineage-specific traits. Structural variants (SVs), including deletions and inversions, comprise a larger proportion of genetic differences between and within species, making them an important yet understudied source of trait divergence. Here, we used a combination of long-read and -range sequencing approaches to characterize the structural variant landscape of two additional Pan troglodytes verus individuals, one of whom carries 13% admixture from Pan troglodytes troglodytes. We performed optical mapping of both individuals followed by nanopore sequencing of one individual. Filtering for larger variants (>10 kbp) and combined with genotyping of SVs using short-read data from the Great Ape Genome Project, we identified 425 deletions and 59 inversions, of which 88 and 36, respectively, were novel. Compared with gene expression in humans, we found a significant enrichment of chimpanzee genes with differential expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines and induced pluripotent stem cells, both within deletions and near inversion breakpoints. We examined chromatin-conformation maps from human and chimpanzee using these same cell types and observed alterations in genomic interactions at SV breakpoints. Finally, we focused on 56 genes impacted by SVs in >90% of chimpanzees and absent in humans and gorillas, which may contribute to chimpanzee-specific features. Sequencing a greater set of individuals from diverse subspecies will be critical to establish the complete landscape of genetic variation in chimpanzees.

scholarly journals Assessment of gastrointestinal parasites in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) in southeast Cameroon

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. 2541-2550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Drakulovski ◽  
Sébastien Bertout ◽  
Sabrina Locatelli ◽  
Christelle Butel ◽  
Sébastien Pion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Troglodytes

scholarly journals Orígenes del VIH/SIDA

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Boza Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Troglodytes

El síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA) es producido por dos lentivirus, los virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) 1 y 2. Los primeros pacientes fueron diagnosticados en Estados Unidos en 1981. El virus fue aislado e identificado en 1983, no obstante, sus orígenes no fueron dilucidados sino hasta tiempo después, el del VIH-2 a partir del virus de la inmunodeficiencia de simios (VIS) aislados de monos africanos principalmente Cercocebus spp y el VIH-1 de VIS aislados de chimpancés principalmente del género Pan troglodytes troglodytes. En este artículo se hace un análisis de los orígenes de estos virus así como de su posterior diseminación a África, América y el resto del mundo.

Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes

Nature ◽  
10.1038/17130 ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 397 (6718) ◽  
pp. 436-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Gao ◽  
Elizabeth Bailes ◽  
David L. Robertson ◽  
Yalu Chen ◽  
Cynthia M. Rodenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Pan Troglodytes Troglodytes ◽  
Hiv 1
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