Effect of body mass distribution on the ontogeny of positional behaviors in non-human primates: Longitudinal follow-up of infant captive olive baboons (Papio anubis)

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1201-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Druelle ◽  
Peter Aerts ◽  
Gilles Berillon
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Olive Baboons ◽  
Positional Behaviors

scholarly journals Longitudinal Changes in Obesity and Body Mass Index Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (28) ◽  
pp. 4639-4645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward G. Garmey ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Charles A. Sklar ◽  
Lillian R. Meacham ◽  
Ann C. Mertens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cancer Survivor ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivor ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

Purpose We examined the rate of increase in the body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) after final height attainment in survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and a noncancer comparison group. Methods Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) is a retrospectively ascertained cohort study that prospectively tracks the health status of adults who were diagnosed with childhood cancer between 1970 and 1986 and a comparison group of siblings. Changes in BMI from baseline enrollment to time of completion of follow-up (mean interval, 7.8 years) were calculated for 1,451 ALL survivors (mean age, 32.3 years at follow-up) and 2,167 siblings of childhood cancer survivors (mean age, 35.9 years). Results The mean BMI of the CCSS sibling comparison group increased with age (women, 0.25 units/yr, 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.28 units; men, 0.23 units/yr, 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.25 units). Compared with CCSS siblings, ALL survivors who were treated with cranial radiation therapy (CRT) had a significantly greater increase in BMI (women, 0.41 units/yr, 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.45 units; men, 0.29 units/yr; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.32 units). The rate of BMI increase was not significantly increased for ALL survivors who were treated with chemotherapy alone. Younger age at CRT exposure significantly modified risk. Conclusion CRT used in the treatment of childhood ALL is associated with a greater rate of increasing BMI, particularly among women treated with CRT during the first decade of life. Health care professionals should be aware of this risk and interventions to reduce or manage weight gain are essential in this high-risk population.

scholarly journals Subclinical Cardiac Organ Damage in Patients with Moderate to Severe Psoriasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2440
Author(s):  
Anja Linde ◽  
Eva Gerdts ◽  
Kåre Steinar Tveit ◽  
Ester Kringeland ◽  
Helga Midtbø
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Infliximab Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psoriasis Severity

We explored the association between subclinical cardiac organ damage (OD) with comorbidities and psoriasis severity in 53 psoriasis patients on infliximab treatment (age 47 ± 15 years, 30% women) and 99 controls without psoriasis (age 47 ± 11 years, 28% women). Cardiac OD was assessed by echocardiography as the presence of increased left ventricular (LV) relative wall thickness (RWT), LV hypertrophy or dilated left atrium. Psoriasis severity was graded using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). The prevalence of hypertension was 66% in psoriasis vs. 61% in controls (p = 0.54) and cardiac OD seen in 51 and 73%, respectively (p = 0.007). Psoriasis was associated with a lower prevalence of cardiac OD (odds ratio (OR) 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13–0.77, p = 0.01) independent of age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and hypertension. Among psoriasis patients, hypertension was associated with increased risk of subclinical cardiac OD (OR 6.88, 95% CI 1.32–35.98, p = 0.02) independent of age, sex, and body mass index. PASI at treatment initiation was associated with a higher RWT at follow-up, independent of sex, age, and hypertension (β 0.36, p = 0.006) while no association with current PASI was found. In conclusion, cardiac OD was less prevalent in psoriasis patients on infliximab treatment than controls. Hypertension was the major covariable for subclinical cardiac OD in psoriasis.

scholarly journals The association between body mass index and recovery from post-traumatic stress disorder after the nuclear accident in Fukushima

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Nagai ◽  
Tetsuya Ohira ◽  
Masaharu Maeda ◽  
Seiji Yasumura ◽  
Itaru Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obesity share common risk factors; however, the effect of obesity on recovery from PTSD has not been assessed. We examined the association between body mass index (BMI) and recovery from PTSD after the Great East Japan Earthquake. We analyzed 4356 men and women with probable PTSD aged ≥ 16 years who were living in evacuation zones owing to the radiation accident in Fukushima, Japan. Recovery from probable PTSD was defined as Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-specific scores < 44. Using Poisson regression with robust error variance adjusted for confounders, we compared the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for this outcome in 2013 and 2014. Compared with point estimates for normal weight (BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), especially in 2013, those for underweight (BMI: < 18.5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI: ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) tended to slightly increase and decrease, respectively, for recovery from probable PTSD. The multivariate-adjusted PRs (95% CIs) for underweight and obesity were 1.08 (0.88–1.33) and 0.85 (0.68–1.06), respectively, in 2013 and 1.02 (0.82–1.26) and 0.87 (0.69–1.09), respectively, in 2014. The results of the present study showed that obesity may be a useful predictor for probable PTSD recovery. Obese victims with PTSD would require more intensive support and careful follow-up for recovery.

scholarly journals Minimum 2-Year Outcomes of All-Arthroscopic Capsular Autograft Labral Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl4) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0024
Author(s):  
Michael Kucharik ◽  
Paul Abraham ◽  
Mark Nazal ◽  
Nathan Varady ◽  
Wendy Meek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Donor Site Morbidity ◽  
Labral Tear ◽  
Labral Repair ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tönnis Grade

Objectives: Acetabular labral tears distort the architecture of the hip and result in accelerated osteoarthritis and increases in femoroacetabular stress. Uncomplicated tears with preserved, native fibers can be fixed to acetabular bone using labral repair techniques, which have shown improved outcomes when compared to the previous gold standard, labral debridement and resection. If the tear is complex or the labrum is hypoplastic, labral reconstruction techniques can be utilized to add grafted tissue to existing, structurally intact tissue or completely replace a deficient labrum. The ultimate goal is to reconstruct the labrum to restore the labral seal and hip biomechanics. Clinical outcomes using autografts and allografts from multiple sources for segmental and whole labral reconstruction have been reported as successful. However, reconstruction using autografts has been associated with substantial donor-site morbidity. More recently, all-arthroscopic capsular autograft labral reconstruction has been proposed as a way to repair complex or irreparable tears without the downside of donor-site morbidity. Since all-arthroscopic capsular autograft labral reconstruction is a novel technique, there is limited data in the literature on patient outcomes. The purpose of this study is to report outcomes in patients who have undergone this procedure at a minimum 2-year follow-up. Methods: This is a retrospective case series of prospectively collected data on patients who underwent arthroscopic acetabular labral repair by a senior surgeon between December 2013 and May 2017. Patients who failed at least 3 months of conservative therapy and had a symptomatic labral tear on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were designated for hip arthroscopy. The inclusion criteria for this study were adult patients age 18 or older who underwent arthroscopic labral repair with capsular autograft labral reconstruction and completion of a minimum 2-year follow-up. Intraoperatively, these patients were found to have a labrum with hypoplastic tissue (width < 5 mm), complex tearing, or frank degeneration of native tissue. Patients with lateral center edge angle (LCEA) ≤ 20° were excluded from analysis. Using the patients’ clinical visit notes with detailed history and physical exam findings, demographic and descriptive data were collected, including age, sex, laterality, body mass index (BMI), and Tönnis grade to evaluate osteoarthritis. Patients completed patient-reported outcome measures and postoperatively at 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and annually thereafter. Results: A total of 72 hips (69 patients) met inclusion criteria. No patients were excluded. The cohort consisted of 37 (51.4%) male and 35 (48.6%) female patients. The minimum follow-up was 24 months, with an average follow-up of 30.3 ± 13.2 months (range, 24-60). The mean patient age was 44.0 ± 10.4 years (range 21-64), with mean body mass index of 26.3 ± 4.3. The cohort consisted of 6 (8.3%) Tönnis grade 0, 48 (66.7%) Tönnis grade 1, and 18 (25.0%) Tönnis grade 2. Two (2.8%) progressed to total hip arthroplasty. Intraoperatively, 5 (6.9%) patients were classified as Outerbridge I, 14 (19.4%) Outerbridge II, 45 (62.5%) Outerbridge III, and 8 (11.1%) Outerbridge IV. Seventy-two (100.0%) patients had a confirmed labral tear, 34 (47.2%) isolated pincer lesion, 4 (5.6%) isolated CAM lesion, and 27 (37.5%) had both a pincer and CAM lesion. The mean of differences between preoperative and 24-month postoperative follow-up PROMs was 22.5 for mHHS, 17.4 for HOS-ADL, 32.7 for HOS-Sport, 22.9 for NAHS, 33.9 for iHOT-33. (Figure 1) The mean of differences between preoperative and final post-operative follow-up PROMs was 22.1 for mHHS, 17.6 for HOS-ADL, 33.2 for HOS-Sport, 23.3 for NAHS, and 34.2 for iHOT-33. (Table 1) Patient age and presence of femoroacetabular impingement were independently predictive of higher postoperative PROM improvements at final follow-up, whereas Tönnis grade was not. (Table 2) The proportion of patients to achieve the minimally clinically important difference (MCID), substantial clinical benefit (SCB), and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) thresholds were also calculated. (Table 3) Conclusions: In this study of 72 hips undergoing arthroscopic labral repair with capsular autograft labral reconstruction, we found excellent outcomes that exceeded the MCID thresholds in the majority of patients at an average 30.3 months follow-up. When compared to capsular reconstruction from autografts and allografts, this technique offers the potential advantages of minimized donor-site morbidity and fewer complications, respectively. [Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text]

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