scholarly journals Spatio-temporal complexity of chimpanzee food: How cognitive adaptations can counteract the ephemeral nature of ripe fruit

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karline R.L. Janmaat ◽  
Christophe Boesch ◽  
Richard Byrne ◽  
Colin A. Chapman ◽  
Zoro B. Goné Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Simplicity or complexity? Important aspects of high nature value grassland management in nature conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róbert Kun ◽  
Dániel Babai ◽  
András István Csathó ◽  
Csaba Vadász ◽  
Nikoletta Kálmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Plant Functional Types ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Functional Types ◽  
Management Factors ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractLocal, adaptive traditional grassland management systems have played a fundamental role in the creation, maintenance and conservation of high nature value (HNV) grasslands. The state of diverse HNV grasslands has deteriorated across Europe in conjunction with changes in various management factors, such as management type and management intensity. To conserve the species-rich vegetation of HNV grasslands and to avoid undesirable shifts in plant functional type dominance, it is important to explore the effects of management factors crucial for nature conservation and to adapt them to local circumstances. In our study, we focus on three of the main factors in the management of valuable meadow steppes in the Great Hungarian Plain region (Central Hungary). We studied management types (mowing, grazing and combined), different levels of herbage removal intensity (low, medium, high) and spatio-temporal complexity (low, medium and high) of grassland management. Altogether 172 plots (1 m × 1 m) were designated in 17 sites. Plant diversity indexes and plant functional types were calculated according to the presence and percentage cover of plant species in the plots. Regarding plant diversity and the dominance of plant functional types, herbage removal intensity and spatio-temporal complexity of management had, for the most part, stronger effects than the type of management. Higher spatio-temporal complexity of management resulted in higher plant diversity, while higher intensity of management led to significantly lower diversity. Proper application of type, intensity and spatio-temporal complexity of management practices (separately and in combination) proved to be determining factors in the long-term maintenance and conservation of diversity and species composition of HNV grasslands.

scholarly journals The dynamics of spatio-temporal Rho GTPase signaling: formation of signaling patterns

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Dominik Fritz ◽  
Olivier Pertz
Keyword(s):  
Rho Gtpases ◽  
Rho Gtpase ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Gtpase Activity ◽  
Nucleotide Exchange ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange ◽  
Nucleotide Exchange Factors ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Rho GTPases are crucial signaling molecules that regulate a plethora of biological functions. Traditional biochemical, cell biological, and genetic approaches have founded the basis of Rho GTPase biology. The development of biosensors then allowed measuring Rho GTPase activity with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. This revealed that Rho GTPase activity fluctuates on time and length scales of tens of seconds and micrometers, respectively. In this review, we describe Rho GTPase activity patterns observed in different cell systems. We then discuss the growing body of evidence that upstream regulators such as guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins shape these patterns by precisely controlling the spatio-temporal flux of Rho GTPase activity. Finally, we comment on additional mechanisms that might feed into the regulation of these signaling patterns and on novel technologies required to dissect this spatio-temporal complexity.

SPATIO-TEMPORAL SEISMICITY IN AN ELASTIC BLOCK LATTICE MODEL

Fractals ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 301-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUNSHENG LU ◽  
DAVID VERE-JONES ◽  
HIDEKI TAKAYASU ◽  
ALEX YU TRETYAKOV ◽  
MISAKO TAKAYASU
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Model ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Seismic Region ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Stress Release Model ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Release Model ◽  
Block Lattice

An elastic block lattice model is proposed to simulate the spatio-temporal seismicity and stress patterns in the Earth's brittle crust. The famous Gutenberg-Richter magnitude-frequency law in seismology is reproduced. The synthetic catalogs generated by this model are analyzed by using a linked stress release model, which incorporates the stress transfer and spatial interactions. The results highlight the triggering mechanism of earthquake occurrence and the evidence that the crust may lie in a near-critical or self-organized critical state due to the long-range spatial interaction of elastic stress. The spatio-temporal complexity of seismicity is closely related to both nonlinear dynamics of faults and heterogeneities in a seismic region.

To aggregate or not? Capturing the spatio-temporal complexity of the thermal regime

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mischa P. Turschwell ◽  
Erin E. Peterson ◽  
Stephen R. Balcombe ◽  
Fran Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Intracellular oxygen: Similar results from two methods of measurement using phosphorescent nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350041 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lloyd ◽  
Catrin F. Williams ◽  
K. Vijayalakshmi ◽  
M. Kombrabail ◽  
Nick White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Temporal Complexity ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Lifetime Imaging ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Embedded Nanoparticles

The ability to resolve the spatio-temporal complexity of intracellular O 2 distribution is the "Holy Grail" of cellular physiology. In an effort to obtain a minimally invasive approach to the mapping of intracellular O 2 tensions, two methods of phosphorescent lifetime imaging microscopy were compared in the current study and gave similar results. These were two-photon confocal laser scanning microscopy with pinhole shifting, and picosecond time-resolved epi-phosphorescence microscopy using a single 0.5 μm focused spot. Both methods utilized Ru coordination complex embedded nanoparticles (45 nm diameter) as the phosphorescent probe, excited using pulsed outputs of a titanium–sapphire Tsunami lasers (710–1050 nm).

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