Behavioral and physiological responses to subgroup size and number of people in howler monkeys inhabiting a forest fragment used for nature-based tourism

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1108-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana R. Aguilar-Melo ◽  
Ellen Andresen ◽  
Jurgi Cristóbal-Azkarate ◽  
Victor Arroyo-Rodríguez ◽  
Roberto Chavira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Howler Monkeys ◽  
Subgroup Size

scholarly journals Interacting effects of forest fragmentation and howler monkey foraging on germination and disperal of fig seeds

Oryx ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Serio-Silva ◽  
Victor Rico-Gray
Keyword(s):  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Alouatta Palliata ◽  
Howler Monkey ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Howler Monkeys ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Dispersal Distances ◽  
Alouatta Palliata Mexicana ◽  
Fragmented Forests ◽  
Individual Trees

We studied changes in germination rates and dispersal distance of seeds of Ficus perforata and F. lundelli dispersed by howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana), in a small (40 ha) ‘disturbed’ and a larger (>600 ha) ‘preserved’ tropical rainforest in southern Veracruz, Mexico. The interaction between A. p. mexicana and Ficus (Urostigma) spp. is beneficial for the interacting species and has important implications for their conservation. Howler monkeys gain from the ingestion of an important food source, germination rates of Ficus seeds are improved by passage through the monkeys' digestive tract, and the seeds are more likely to be deposited in a site suitable for germination and development. Seed dispersal distances are relatively larger in the preserved site, with both the size of the forest area and the spatial pattern of Ficus affecting the dispersal process. In a large forest fragment with ‘regularly’ distributed Ficus individuals the howler monkeys move away from the seed source, increasing the probability that the seeds are desposited on a tree other than Ficus, which is important for the germination and future development of a hemiepiphytic species. In a small forest fragment with trees distributed in clumps howlers repeatedly use the same individual trees, and faeces containing seeds may be dropped on unsuitable trees more often. These are key issues when addressing conservation policies for fragmented forests.

Use of space, activity patterns, and foraging behavior of red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) in an Andean forest fragment in Colombia

2011 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Palma ◽  
Adriana Vélez ◽  
Carolina Gómez-Posada ◽  
Harrison López ◽  
Diego A. Zárate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Alouatta Seniculus ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Howler Monkeys ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
Space Activity ◽  
Red Howler Monkeys ◽  
Red Howler

scholarly journals Behavioral and physiological responses to fruit availability of spider monkeys ranging in a small forest fragment

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1049-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Rimbach ◽  
Andrés Link ◽  
Andrés Montes‐Rojas ◽  
Anthony Di Fiore ◽  
Michael Heistermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Spider Monkeys ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Fruit Availability ◽  
Small Forest

Mantled Howler Monkeys (Alouatta palliata) in a Costa Rican Forest Fragment Do Not Modify Activity Budgets or Spatial Cohesion in Response to Anthropogenic Edges

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Amy L. Schreier ◽  
Laura M. Bolt ◽  
Dorian G. Russell ◽  
Taylor S. Readyhough ◽  
Zachary S. Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effects ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Alouatta Palliata ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Howler Monkeys ◽  
Mantled Howler ◽  
Forest Interior ◽  
Spatial Cohesion ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Forest fragmentation increases forest edge relative to forest interior, with lower vegetation quality common for primates in edge zones. Because most primates live in human-modified tropical forests within 1 km of their edges, it is critical to understand how primates cope with edge effects. Few studies have investigated how primates inhabiting a fragment alter their behaviour across forest edge and interior zones. Here we investigate how anthropogenic edges affect the activity and spatial cohesion of mantled howler monkeys (<i>Alouatta palliata</i>) at the La Suerte Biological Research Station (LSBRS), a Costa Rican forest fragment. We predicted the monkeys would spend greater proportions of their activity budget feeding and resting and a lower proportion travelling in edge compared to forest interior to compensate for lower resource availability in the edge. We also predicted that spatial cohesion would be lower in the edge to mitigate feeding competition. We collected data on activity and spatial cohesion (nearest neighbour distance; number of individuals within 5 m) in forest edge and interior zones via instantaneous sampling of focal animals. Contrary to predictions, the monkeys spent equal proportions of time feeding, resting and travelling in forest edge and interior. Similarly, there were no biologically meaningful differences in the number of individuals or the distance between nearest neighbours in the edge (1.0 individuals; 1.56 m) versus the interior (0.8 individuals; 1.73 m). Our results indicate that <i>A. palliata</i> at LSBRS do not adjust their activity or spatial cohesion patterns in response to anthropogenic edge effects, suggesting that the monkeys here exhibit less behavioural flexibility than <i>A. palliata</i> at some other sites. To develop effective primate conservation plans, it is therefore crucial to study primate species’ responses to fragmentation across their geographic range.

Misophonia: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
C. S. Vanaja ◽  
Miriam Soni Abigail
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Case History ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Pure Tone Audiogram

Purpose Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder condition in certain sounds that trigger intense emotional or physiological responses. While some persons may experience misophonia, a few patients suffer from misophonia. However, there is a dearth of literature on audiological assessment and management of persons with misophonia. The purpose of this report is to discuss the assessment of misophonia and highlight the management option that helped a patient with misophonia. Method A case study of a 26-year-old woman with the complaint of decreased tolerance to specific sounds affecting quality of life is reported. Audiological assessment differentiated misophonia from hyperacusis. Management included retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy based on the principles described by P. J. Jastreboff and Jastreboff (2014). A misophonia questionnaire was administered at regular intervals to monitor the effectiveness of therapy. Results A detailed case history and audiological evaluations including pure-tone audiogram and Johnson Hyperacusis Index revealed the presence of misophonia. The patient benefitted from intervention, and the scores of the misophonia questionnaire indicated a decrease in the severity of the problem. Conclusions It is important to differentially diagnose misophonia and hyperacusis in persons with sound tolerance disorders. Retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy can help patients who suffer from misophonia.

Physiological Responses of Spider Phobics and Nonphobics to Viewing Slides

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Stump ◽  
Judith C. Conger ◽  
Scott Vrana
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Responses
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