Towing the party line: territoriality, risky boundaries and male group size in spider monkey fission–fusion societies

2008 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Spider Monkey ◽  
Male Group ◽  
Party Line

scholarly journals Male group size, female distribution and changes in sexual segregation by Roosevelt elk

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e0187829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah M. Peterson ◽  
Floyd W. Weckerly
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Sexual Segregation ◽  
Male Group

scholarly journals Individual participation in intergroup contests is mediated by numerical assessment strategies in black howler and tufted capuchin monkeys

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1683) ◽  
pp. 20150007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarie Van Belle ◽  
Clara J. Scarry
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Capuchin Monkeys ◽  
Male Group ◽  
Dominance Relationships ◽  
Tufted Capuchin Monkeys ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Black Howler ◽  
Individual Participation ◽  
Tufted Capuchins

Asymmetries in resource-holding potential between opposing groups frequently determine outcomes of intergroup contests. Since both numerical superiority and high intergroup dominance rank may confer competitive advantages, group members should benefit from assessing the relative strength of rivals prior to engaging in defensive displays. However, differences in individual assessment may emerge when cost–benefit trade-offs differ among group members. We examine the influence of numerical superiority and intergroup dominance relationships on individual participation in intergroup encounters in black howler monkeys ( Alouatta pigra ) and tufted capuchin monkeys ( Sapajus nigritus ). Black howlers responded with longer vocal displays during encounters with neighbours with an equal number of resident males, while tufted capuchins increased their participation with increasing relative male group size. Within each species, males and females responded similarly to varying numerical odds, suggesting that despite pay-off asymmetries between males and females, both sexes were similarly influenced by numerical asymmetries in deciding to participate in collective group defence. Whereas the outcome of contests among tufted capuchins was determined by relative male group size, reflected in a pronounced intergroup dominance hierarchy, the absence of dominance relationships among black howler groups may have provoked prolonged vocal displays in order to assess rival groups with matching competitive abilities.

scholarly journals Neocortex evolution in primates: the ‘social brain’ is for females

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Lindenfors
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Social Intelligence Hypothesis ◽  
Male Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Size Limits ◽  
The Relationship

According to the social intelligence hypothesis, relative neocortex size should be directly related to the degree of social complexity. This hypothesis has found support in a number of comparative studies of group size. The relationship between neocortex and sociality is thought to exist either because relative neocortex size limits group size or because a larger group size selects for a larger neocortex. However, research on primate social evolution has indicated that male and female group sizes evolve in relation to different demands. While females mostly group according to conditions set by the environment, males instead simply go where the females are. Thus, any hypothesis relating to primate social evolution has to analyse its relationship with male and female group sizes separately. Since sex-specific neocortex sizes in primates are unavailable in sufficient quantity, I here instead present results from phylogenetic comparative analyses of unsexed relative neocortex sizes and female and male group sizes. These analyses show that while relative neocortex size is positively correlated with female group size, it is negatively, or not at all correlated with male group size. This indicates that the social intelligence hypothesis only applies to female sociality.

Manipulating foraging group size: spider monkey food calls at fruiting trees

1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 891-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin A. Chapman ◽  
Louis Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Spider Monkey

Ecological constraints on group size: an analysis of spider monkey and chimpanzee subgroups

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Chapman ◽  
Richard W. Wrangham ◽  
Lauren J. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Spider Monkey ◽  
Ecological Constraints

An ecological basis for large group size in Colobus angolensis in the Nyungwe Forest, Rwanda

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Fimbel ◽  
Amy Vedder ◽  
Ellen Dierenfeld ◽  
Felix Mulindahabi
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Colobus Angolensis ◽  
Ecological Basis
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