Living in forest fragments reduces group cohesion in diademed sifakas (Propithecus diadema) in eastern Madagascar by reducing food patch size

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell T. Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Patch Size ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Food Patch ◽  
Propithecus Diadema ◽  
Diademed Sifakas

scholarly journals A PAISAGEM COMO CONDICIONADORA DE BORDAS DE FRAGMENTOS FLORESTAIS

FLORESTA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethania Cristiane Herrmann ◽  
Efraim Rodrigues ◽  
André De Lima
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Patch Size ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Landscape Index ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Fragmentos florestais diferem em sua estrutura espacial afetando a composição de espécies em suas bordas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a influência dos índices da paisagem sobre as bordas de fragmentos florestais próximos à cidade de Londrina - PR. As características estruturais dos fragmentos aqui consideradas incluem área, forma, área central e índice de área central; e as características estruturais da paisagem: área da classe, tamanho médio e coeficiente de variação do tamanho dos fragmentos de floresta, distância média até o fragmento florestal mais próximo e total de bordas de floresta. A relação entre composição de espécies, fragmentos florestais e índices de paisagem foi estudada através de Análise de Correspondência Canônica. Os índices de maior importância foram: área, forma e área central dos fragmentos. Godoy, fragmento com 2371,14 ha e inclui o Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy, apresentou maior variação na composição de espécies quando comparado com os demais. The landscape as conditioning of edges of forest fragments Abstract Forests fragments differ in their spatial structure afecting the species composition of edges. The objective of this paper was to analyze the influence of some landscape index over sapling species composition in edges of forests fragments near Londrina - PR. The spatial structures of fragments considered in this paper involved area, shape, core area and core area index; and the spatial structures of landscape: class area, mean patch size, coefficient of variation of the size of the patch (%), mean nearest neighbor distance and total edge of forest. The relationship between sapling species composition, forests fragments and landscape index were evaluated through Principal Components Analysis. Godoy, fragment with 2371,14 ha showed more variation in the species composition when compared with other fragments.

scholarly journals Ecosystem carbon storage in forest fragments of differing patch size

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Ma ◽  
Chunyu Shen ◽  
Duo Lou ◽  
Shenglei Fu ◽  
Dongsheng Guan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Patch Size ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon

Food Competition Among Individuals in a Free-Ranging Chimpanzee Community in Kibale Forest, Uganda

Behaviour ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 135-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Isabirye-Basuta
Keyword(s):  
Patch Size ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Food Patch ◽  
Party Size ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Difference

AbstractCompetition for fruit within chimpanzee foraging parties was investigated by testing the hypotheses that food patch size was a limiting factor to foraging party size and to foraging efficiency while chimpanzees were foraging in Pseudospondias microcarpa trees for fruit. Large food patches (as measured by phenological score or the product of diameter at breast height and phenological score) supported significantly larger parties than did smaller food patches. In addition, foraging efficiency was apparently higher for small parties than for large ones, although the difference was marginally statistically significant. Per-capita feeding time for individuals in small parties was significantly higher than for those in large parties when chimpanzees had access to both Pseudospondias and Uvariopsis congensis fruit trees. Per-capita feeding time was not significantly correlated with food patch size. When Uvariopsis fruit trees became exhausted in mid-August, some chimpanzees apparently avoided severe competition for fruit by leaving the C.C. area, where they had been feeding on both Uvariopsis and Pseudospondias fruit. Social factors did not significantly affect foraging party size nor per-capita feeding time.

Diademed sifakas (Propithecus diadema) use olfaction to forage for the inflorescences of subterranean parasitic plants (Balanophoraceae:Langsdorffia sp., and Cytinaceae:Cytinus sp.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell T. Irwin ◽  
Fanomezantsoa Jean-Luc Raharison ◽  
Harison Rakotoarimanana ◽  
Edmond Razanadrakoto ◽  
Edmond Ranaivoson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Plants ◽  
Propithecus Diadema ◽  
Diademed Sifakas

scholarly journals Habitat Patch Size and Landscape Structure Influence, Although Weakly, the Parasite Richness of an Arboreal Folivorous-frugivorous Primate in Anthropogenic Landscapes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Freitas Klain ◽  
Márcia Bohrer Mentz ◽  
Sebastián Bustamante-Manrique ◽  
Júlio César Bicca-Marques
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Patch Size ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Habitat Patch ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Howler Monkeys ◽  
Anthropogenic Landscapes ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Parasite Richness ◽  
Habitat Patch Size

Abstract ContextAnthropogenic habitat disturbances that affect the ecology and behavior of parasites and hosts can either facilitate or compromise their interactions and modulate the parasite richness.ObjectivesWe assessed if the size of the habitat patch, the composition and configuration of the landscape (forest cover, patch density and mean distance to the nearest patch) and host group size influence the parasite richness of brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba clamitans) inhabiting forest fragments immersed in an anthropogenic matrix.MethodsWe collected fecal samples from 60 howler monkey groups inhabiting distinct forest fragments (one group/fragment) from January to July 2019. We used generalized linear models to assess the power of the independent variables in predicting parasite richness at the patch- and patch-landscape scales.ResultsWe found 10 parasite taxa (five basal eukaryotes, four nematodes and one platyhelminth), nine of which also infect humans or domestic animals. Overall parasite richness showed an inverse relationship with habitat patch size and forest cover, and a direct relationship with the mean distance to the nearest patch and group size. Patch-landscape metrics and host group size also influenced the infection with parasites with direct cycle and transmission via ingestion of the infective stage in the arboreal environment or with parasites with indirect cycle and transmission via ingestion of intermediate hosts. However, all significant models presented low weight.ConclusionsWe suggest that characteristics of parasite and host populations among other factors are more critical modulators of the relationship between howler monkeys and their parasites in anthropogenic landscapes.

scholarly journals Size matters: the effects of forest fragmentation and resource availability on the endemic Sumba Hornbill Aceros everetti

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (S1) ◽  
pp. S23-S37 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARNOLD F. SITOMPUL ◽  
MARGARET F. KINNAIRD ◽  
TIMOTHY G. O'BRIEN
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Patch Size ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Canopy Trees ◽  
Food Species ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Made In

We examined the influence of forest fragmentation and resource availability on the abundance and distribution of Sumba Hornbill Aceros everetti, a large, canopy-dwelling bird endemic to Sumba Island, Indonesia. Hornbill numbers were estimated monthly from August 1998 to September 1999. Estimates were made in three large (≥1,000 ha) and three small (<1,000 ha) forest fragments, using a standard line transect method. Phenological patterns of canopy trees were assessed in 10 × 50 m plots. Our data indicated that forest patch size may be a better predictor of Sumba Hornbill abundance and distribution than overall resource availability. Hornbills occurred at higher densities in large forests (6/km2) than small forests (2.4/km2). Small forests produced more fruit/ha per month but lacked a number of important hornbill food species. Monthly fruit availability in large and small forest fragments had no significant effect on fluctuations in hornbill density. However, hornbill densities were significantly higher in forests with high densities of strangling figs, after controlling for patch size, and in larger forests hornbill densities correlated with the abundance of ripe figs. We hypothesize that small patches still have conservation value if they are within hornbill ranging distance, and speculate that Sumba's forests are in a dynamic phase before the full impact of fragmentation has been expressed.

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