Human culture and monkey behavior: assessing the contexts of potential pathogen transmission between macaques and humans

2006 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 880-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Human Culture ◽  
Monkey Behavior ◽  
Potential Pathogen

scholarly journals Assessment of Synthetic Membranes for Artificial Blood Feeding of Culicidae

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Luciana S. Dias ◽  
Jonatas C. Caldeira ◽  
Luiz G. S. R. Bauzer ◽  
José B. P. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Synthetic Membranes ◽  
Artificial Blood ◽  
Potential Pathogen

Potential pathogen transmission through hematophagy in Culicidae is a major public-health problem, and several studies have been performed to better understand this phenomenon. Research on these insects often requires the maintenance of colonies in the laboratory. Due to the hematophagic habits of these organisms, blood must be provided in order to guarantee the reproduction of individuals that constitute the colonies. Some species of mammals and birds are used as a direct blood source in many laboratories. Due to current bioethical parameters, the direct use of animals has been replaced by artificial blood feeding by using synthetic membranes to simulate animal skin. In this study, the efficiency of collagen and latex in the artificial feeding of mosquitoes of the Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus species was evaluated and compared with Parafilm®, a standard membrane that is frequently used for this purpose. Important aspects of the feeding and reproduction of these insects were considered. For both species, latex showed the poorest performance. Collagen membrane performed well in most parameters, but was not as efficient as Parafilm® for fecundity in Aedes aegypti, and for the percentage of engorged females in Culex quinquefasciatus. We concluded that, although collagen is more resistant and easier to handle, Parafilm® was the most efficient among the three evaluated membranes for the artificial blood feeding of mosquitoes.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Selected Pathogens with Zoonotic Potential in Deer Keds (Lipoptena fortisetosa)

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Gałęcki ◽  
Jerzy Jaroszewski ◽  
Tadeusz Bakuła ◽  
Eloiza M. Galon ◽  
Xuenan Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Companion Animals ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Potential Vector ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
Potential Pathogen ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Free Ranging

Deer keds are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites of birds and mammals. Cervids serve as specific hosts for these insects. However, ked infestations have been observed in non-specific hosts, including humans, companion animals, and livestock. Lipoptena fortisetosa is a weakly studied ectoparasite, but there is evidence to indicate that it continues to spread across Europe. The existing knowledge on deer keds’ impact on wildlife is superficial, and their veterinary importance is enigmatic. Lipoptena fortisetosa is a species with vectorial capacity, but potential pathogen transmission has not been assessed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of selected pathogens in L. fortisetosa collected from cervids and host-seeking individuals in the environment. Out of 500 acquired samples, 307 (61.4%) had genetic material from at least one tested pathogen. Our research suggests that L. fortisetosa may be a potential vector of several pathogens, including A. phagocytophilum, Babesia spp., Bartonella spp., Borellia spp., Coxiella-like endosymbionts, Francisiella tularensis, Mycoplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., and Theileria spp.; however, further, more extensive investigations are required to confirm this. The results of the study indicate that keds can be used as biological markers for investigating the prevalence of vector-borne diseases in the population of free-ranging cervids.

Risk of Infections Associated with Improperly Reprocessed Transrectal Ultrasound–Guided Prostate Biopsy Equipment

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Lessa ◽  
Sangwoo Tak ◽  
Shannon R. DeVader ◽  
Rekha Goswami ◽  
Mary Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Prostate Biopsies ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Potential Pathogen

Objective.A hospital discovered a lapse in the reprocessing procedures for transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy equipment. An investigation was initiated to assess the risks of transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and bacteria during prostate biopsies.Methods.We offered testing for HBV, HCV, and HIV infection to patients who had undergone prostate biopsies from January 30, 2003, through January 27, 2006. We reviewed their medical records and obtained information on the reprocessing procedures that were in use at the time for the prostate biopsy equipment.Setting.A healthcare facility in Maine.Results.Of the 528 patients exposed to improperly reprocessed prostate biopsy equipment, none tested positive for HIV or HCV. Sixteen patients (3%) tested positive for past HBV infection but had no prebiopsy HBV serologic test results available (ie, transmission from improperly reprocessed biopsy equipment was possible), and 11 (2%) had evidence of postbiopsy bacterial infections. The number of cases of HBV and bacterial infections were within reported ranges for this population and were not clustered in time. Review of the reprocessing procedures in use at the time revealed that the manufacturer-recommended brushes for cleaning the reusable biopsy needle guide were never used. Brushes did not come with the equipment and had to be ordered separately.Conclusions.Despite the lack of evidence of pathogen transmission in this investigation, it is critical to review the manufacturer's reprocessing recommendations and to establish appropriate procedures to avert potential pathogen transmission and subsequent patient concerns. This investigation provides a better understanding of the risks associated with improperly reprocessed transrectal ultrasound prostate biopsy equipment and serves as a methodologic tool for future investigations.

PEMBACAAN EPISTEMOLOGI ILMU TAFSIR KLASIK

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Muhamad Ali Mustofa Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Human Culture ◽  
Model Mapping

This study focuses on the question of the reconstruction of the epistemological interpretation of classical exegesis by offering model mapping study of classical interpretation. The method used is based literary exploratory-qualitative approach. Epistemology of classical interpretation rely solely on aspects of history since the time of the Prophet, his tabi'in and generations before the contemporary era that emphasizes the validity of the interpretation of history rather than on naql aspects than aql aspects (ra'yu). The Reconstruction for methodological interpretation at all times would be covered by the circumstances that surround the commentators. The method will continue to grow with different perspectives of the commentators in the condition and situation with other commentators. Interpretation will continue to move as long as science itself is constantly moving and human culture is not going nowhere.

Woman and Water Kindred by Nature

IJOHMN ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Aju Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Human Culture ◽  
Ancient Time

It has been argued that life without water is impossible; eathly life began with water all aound. Ancient scripture has been quoted to drive the matter home. Woman-Water relationship is beyond controversy from the ancient time. It is a world wide phenomenon and very true in India. Human culture around the rivers in India is such that rivers are conceived as woman and somewhere as mother. The realationship between rivers and women has been shown with some detail.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document