Female testosterone, dominance rank, and aggression in an Ethiopian population of hybrid baboons

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinta C. Beehner ◽  
Jane E. Phillips-Conroy ◽  
Patricia L. Whitten
Keyword(s):  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Hybrid Baboons

scholarly journals Chest beats as an honest signal of body size in male mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Wright ◽  
Sven Grawunder ◽  
Eric Ndayishimiye ◽  
Jordi Galbany ◽  
Shannon C. McFarlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Honest Signal ◽  
Sexual Competition ◽  
Mountain Gorillas ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Gorilla Beringei Beringei ◽  
Vocal Signals

AbstractAcoustic signals that reliably indicate body size, which usually determines competitive ability, are of particular interest for understanding how animals assess rivals and choose mates. Whereas body size tends to be negatively associated with formant dispersion in animal vocalizations, non-vocal signals have received little attention. Among the most emblematic sounds in the animal kingdom is the chest beat of gorillas, a non-vocal signal that is thought to be important in intra and inter-sexual competition, yet it is unclear whether it reliably indicates body size. We examined the relationship among body size (back breadth), peak frequency, and three temporal characteristics of the chest beat: duration, number of beats and beat rate from sound recordings of wild adult male mountain gorillas. Using linear mixed models, we found that larger males had significantly lower peak frequencies than smaller ones, but we found no consistent relationship between body size and the temporal characteristics measured. Taken together with earlier findings of positive correlations among male body size, dominance rank and reproductive success, we conclude that the gorilla chest beat is an honest signal of competitive ability. These results emphasize the potential of non-vocal signals to convey important information in mammal communication.

scholarly journals Body Site and Body Orientation Preferences during Social Grooming: A Comparison between Wild and Captive Chimpanzees and Bonobos

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Morgane Allanic ◽  
Misato Hayashi ◽  
Takeshi Furuichi ◽  
Tetsuro Matsuzawa
Keyword(s):  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Body Orientation ◽  
Body Site ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Social Grooming ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Monkey Species ◽  
Site Preferences ◽  
Risk Of Predation ◽  
Species Specific

Grooming site preferences have been relatively well studied in monkey species in order to investigate the function of social grooming. They are not only influenced by the amount of ectoparasites, but also by different social variables such as the dominance rank between individuals or their levels of affiliation. However, studies on this topic mainly come from monkey species, with almost no report on great apes. This study aimed to explore whether body site and body orientation preferences during social grooming show species-specific differences (bonobos vs. chimpanzees) and environment-specific differences (captivity vs. wild). Results showed that bonobos groomed the head, the front and faced each other more often than chimpanzees, while chimpanzees groomed the back, anogenitals and more frequently in face-to-back positions. Moreover, captive individuals were found to groom facing one another more often than wild ones, whereas wild individuals groomed the back and in face-to-back positions more. While future studies should expand their scope to include more populations per condition, our preliminary 2 by 2 comparison study highlights the influence of (i) species-specific social differences such as social tolerance, social attention and facial communication, and (ii) socioenvironmental constraints such as risk of predation, spatial crowding and levels of hygiene, that might be the two important factors determining the grooming patterns in two <i>Pan</i>species.

scholarly journals Social environment influences the relationship between genotype and gene expression in wild baboons

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1618) ◽  
pp. 20120345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Runcie ◽  
Ralph T. Wiedmann ◽  
Elizabeth A. Archie ◽  
Jeanne Altmann ◽  
Gregory A. Wray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wild Baboons

Variation in the social environment can have profound effects on survival and reproduction in wild social mammals. However, we know little about the degree to which these effects are influenced by genetic differences among individuals, and conversely, the degree to which social environmental variation mediates genetic reaction norms. To better understand these relationships, we investigated the potential for dominance rank, social connectedness and group size to modify the effects of genetic variation on gene expression in the wild baboons of the Amboseli basin. We found evidence for a number of gene–environment interactions (GEIs) associated with variation in the social environment, encompassing social environments experienced in adulthood as well as persistent effects of early life social environment. Social connectedness, maternal dominance rank and group size all interacted with genotype to influence gene expression in at least one sex, and either in early life or in adulthood. These results suggest that social and behavioural variation, akin to other factors such as age and sex, can impact the genotype–phenotype relationship. We conclude that GEIs mediated by the social environment are important in the evolution and maintenance of individual differences in wild social mammals, including individual differences in responses to social stressors.

Maternal care associates with play dominance rank among adult female rats

2012 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine I. Parent ◽  
Adina Del Corpo ◽  
Nicole M. Cameron ◽  
Michael J. Meaney
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Female Rats

Investment in fighting in relation to body condition, age and dominance rank in the male fallow deer, Dama dama

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1293-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dómhnall J. Jennings ◽  
Caitríona M. Carlin ◽  
Thomas J. Hayden ◽  
Martin P. Gammell
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Dama Dama
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